Comparison of Apical Transportation with Using Hand, Reciprocal and Race Instrumentation

Mechanical preparation of root canal system is an important objective of root canal therapy. Many rotary devices have been produced to decrease instrumentation time and improve its quality.The purpose of this study was to compare apical transportation in root canal treatment with three methods of hand, reciprocal and rotary (Race) instrumentation.

In this experimental study 45 extracted human mandibular first molar were selected. The crown was cut at CEJ. The roots were mounted in acrylic resin material. The roots had a 20-40 degree canal curvature. Teeth were randomly divided into 3 groups. Group one was prepared with hand method and NiTi files, group two was prepared with Endogripper handpiece and NiTi files, group three was prepared with Race rotary system. By superimposing the initial file and MAF radiography the apical transportation was evaluated (double exposure radiography method).

Race rotary system (group 3) had prepared canals without transportation and deviation in the original shape of canals. NiTi hand files (group 1) had prepared canals with 8 apical transportations out of 15 root canals. Reciprocal handpiece with NiTi files had prepared canals with 7 apical transportations. Race rotary system was prepared canals with significant the least apical transportations than other groups (p<0.05).

The results showed that original canal shape in apical region had minimum transportation with race rotary system compare with hand or reciprocal preparation.