Study of cord blood insulin in relation to maternal blood glucose in 75 gram oral glucose tolerance test

The insulin level of fetus indicate the effects of maternal diabetes on fetus and it's health in future. There is not exact glucose threshold in maternal glucose tolerance test (GTT) for fetal hyperinsulinism and it's correlation with fetal morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study is to determine the correlation between insulin levels in cord blood with maternal blood glucose levels in 75 gram oral GTT. This is a cohort study on 200 pregnant women in Tehran Javaheri hospital in 2009. The 75 gram OGTT was performed at 24- 28 weeks of gestation and then 2 cc of cord blood for measuring insulin was gotten at delivery time. The data analysed by SPSS ver 13 and correlation, regression and independent t test. 5.5% of neonates have hyperinsulinism. The correlation between maternal fasting blood sugar and cord blood insulin was significant. The correlation between infant birth weight and cord blood insulin and also maternal first hour glucose level in 75 gram OGTT was significant. Although the level of cord blood insulin was higher in mothers with impaired GTT but the correlation was not significant. The concentration of insulin in fetus indicate the levels of glucose that transfer from mother to fetus intrauterine. In this study the most correlation between hyperinsulinemia with maternal fasting blood sugar was observed. It seems maternal FBS has the most sensitivity for detection of hyperinsulinemia in fetus.