Evaluation of Vessels Density and the Clinicopathological Features of Oral Pyogenic Granuloma and its Histopathologic Subtypes

Statement of Problem: Due to the clinicopathologic similarity of pyogenic granuloma to some neoplastic or hamartomatouse lesion, vascular density can represent some biological behaviors of this lesion. This study aimed to evaluate the density of the vessels and the clinicopathological features of oral pyogenic granuloma (PG) and its histopathologic subtypes. Information about age, sex, site, size, duration and the presence of surface ulceration in total and in two histopathologic subtypes (lobular and non-lobular) were collected From 94 PG files in the archives and were compared. Vessel counting was performed on H&E slides and the density of the vessels was compared in two subtypes, two genders and ulcerated and non-ulcerated groups using Independent Samples T- test. Pyogenic granuloma comprised 4.5 percent of all the lesions. The male to female ratio was 1:1.7. The mean age of the patients was 27.99 years and the most frequent involved site was the gingiva (84%). The Non-LCH lesions were more than LCH. Post- mandibular gingiva in the LCH group and the anterior portion of the maxillary gingiva were the most locations of involvement. The mean duration of the presence of the lesion in Non-LCH was more than that in LCH. Surface ulceration in Non-LCH (89.4%) was more than LCH (78.6%). Although the mean density of the vessels was equal in both males and females; there was a significant difference in the lesions with or without surface ulcerations (p =0.01). However there was no significant difference between the lobular and non-lobular groups. The site of the lesion, duration, and the lower cases with surface ulceration in the LCH form can be in contrast with reactive nature of this subtype, showing similarity to tumoral or developmental lesions. Gender does not influence the density of blood vessels in PG but surface ulceration can influence it.