The Review of Ghajar Mysticism

Iranian literature is in a close integral relationship to Islamic Gnosis and this close relationship causes us to assume a similar concurrence for both and have the same judgment on both literature and gnosis of that period too. Likewise, the superficial content of the return (recurrent) literature and excessive inattention to this literary period disparaged the mysticism accordingly. As the noble professor, Dr. Shafiee Kadkani writes: “The mysticism of this period (before constitutionalism) is repeated again. In fact none of Sofia of this period obtained a new mystical moment, while mysticism means new experiences in both language and thought”. The truth is that gnosis is a separate topic and collection which joins in literature in many cases, but the comedown of the literature of a period is never meant as any defect or failure in gnosis of that period. To confirm the above words, first a Gnostic and obscure encyclopedia written by a literate-wise historian of Ghajar period –Reza Gholi Khan Hedayat was introduced in this paper. Then according to that valuable book, Gnosis and Ghajar mystics would be reviewed. Next the specifications of the gnosis of this period were enumerated and a brief introduction of Ghajar preeminent mystics would be presented too. It was surprising that among those mystics there were some illiterate commoners but super-ordinate and some literates as erstwhile mystics that joined tradition (Shariaat) and path (Tarighaat) together as if “they created a new design”. Sometimes they were severely under pressure and in another period they spent their lives in peace and quietude. The gnosis that was ignored and outcast in the late Safavi Period in Iran, however, was restored to home (Iran) by the high ambition and perseverance of those men who are unknown and obscure today and we aimed to recognize them and introduce their actions in the paper.