نشریه یافته های نوین کشاورزی
سال هفتم شماره 3 (پیاپی 27، بهار 1392)

In order to study of some agronomic and phenological attributes, an experiment was conducted in 2010 at the farm of Moghan Agricultural Faculty, univ. of Mohaghegh Ardabili with use 29 spring bread wheat genotypes were planted in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The analysis of variance showed that among genotypes for grain yield, biological yield, harvest index, flag leaf area, flag leaf cholorophy scale and tillering time had significant difference in level %1 probability but, for flowering time and ripening time had not significant difference. The grain yield showed a significant positive correlation with biological yield, flag leaf area, flag leaf cholorophy scale and harvest index but, showed a negative correlation and significantly with tillering time. The flowering time have positive linkage and significantly with tillering time and showed negative correlation and significantly with havest index. According to the results, Shiroudi, Nick-Nejad & Alborz, cultivars many of agronomic & phenological traits, desirable and than the other genotypes excelled and produced acceptable grain yield. Therefore, can be expressed production in different whead cultivars influenced by its genotypes.

This experiment was carried out in crop year 2011 in Arak. Treatments included two levels nitroxin N0 (without inoculation) and N1 (inoculated with nitroxin) and nitrogen at the 5 level n0 =0, n1=75, n2=150, n3=225 and n4= 300 kg/ha net and 46% were using urea in a factorial randomized complete block design was conducted. The results showed that the number of rows per ear, grains per row, grains per ear, seeds per plant, seed weight and seed yield effective nitroxin application has been improved so that the trait. Nitrogen was also a significant effect on the characteristics, so that it is used to increase the yield of 300 kg per hectare was but had no effect on the number of rows per ear while the largest number of grains per ear and 225 kg N/ ha respectively. Nitroxin interactions and nitrogen on number of grains per row, number of grains per ear was significant. Consumption of 300 kg of nitrogen per acre yield increase with the usage nitroxin results. The most of yield of 9720 kg/ ha treated with application of 225 kg N/ ha were nitroxin.

In order to investigate the effect of aridity tension, an experiment was conducted under the Sistan circumstances in the form of once _shatterd acacia based on whole random blocks, with four replications in the agricultural and natural resources research station of sistan in the crop year 88-89.the main cause of aridity tension included 4 levels:S1-irrigation in5-7 leaves, asterring, emergence of full head,50% flowering and seed filling, S2- irrigation cut in 5-7 leaves, S3-irrigation cut in5-7 leaves, asterring, emergence of full head,, S4-irrigation cut in 5-7 leaves, irrigation cut in 50% flowering and seed filling.The peripheral factor was in 3 levels(8,10,12 bushes per square meter).The results of characters variance analysis showed that the effect of ariadity tension in developmental stages of the plant on morphological characters such as: height of stem, diameter of stem diameter of the head, :the number of seeds in the head, seed yield and oil yield, was one percent different in terms of statistical significance. The effect of loush condensation on other measured characters except for the bush height showed a statistically significant difference. the interactive effects of aridity tension and bush condensation on other measured characters except for the bush height and the oil percentage did not show any statistically significant difference. The highest seed yield in this experience was gaincd in treatment S1 with the average of 2314 kilograms a hectare and the lowest seed yield was gained in treatment S3whih the average of 810 kilograms a hectare. With the increase in bush condensation, the seed yield showed a significant in crease in proportion to low bush condensation, despite the decrease in yield components. that was in a way which the highest value was gained in 12-bush condensation per a square meter with the average of2141 kilograms a hectare. The simple correlation results showed that the seed yield with the number of seeds in the head, had the highest correlation coefficient. from all these results it could be concluded that irrigation before and after flowering with 12-bush condensation per a square meter, in recommended for Sistan circumstances.

This research was done to study effect of polyamine, boron and molybdenum growth micronutrients spray on yield and indices of growth in Padideh and Mahali Esfahan Cultivars of Safflower in a factorial test based on randomized complete block deign with four replications in agricultural year of 2011-2012 in Damghan city. Test treatments included control (without spray) and spray before flowering (vegetative phase) and the tested cultivars were Mahali Esfahan and Padideh. The evaluated traits included percent of oil, Grain Weight (1000 Seeds), plant height, diameter of stem, harvest index, and the number of capitols per plant. The presence of significant interaction between mean levels of cultivar and spray before flowering in plant height trait in Padideh cultivar (74.75 cm) and Mahali Esfahan cultivar (68 cm) showed that behavior of cultivars to spray levels was different. Generally, mean of spray before flowering was improved compared to the control sample in grain oil (39.29%), capitols per plant (29.23), plant height (30.90 cm) and diameter of stem (45.05 mm). in this test, mean of Mahali Esfahan cultivar was preferred to Padideh cultivar in grain oil (11.56 %), capitols per plant (33.46), harvest index(27.64%) and plant height (73.50 cm). Padideh cultivar was preferred to Mahali Esfahan cultivar in grain weight (1000 seeds) (32.50 grams) and diameter of stem (12.72 mm). In this test, positive and significant correlation between percent of oil and traits of plant height and harvest index was proved. Generally, one can conclude that Mahali Esfahan cultivar was better with the highest growth index.

Seed priming in the delayed cropping have increased chances of plant establishment and leads to increase yield. In order to an experiment was carried out as split-split plot based on randomized complete block design (RCBD) in four replications in Mazandaran Agriculture Research Center, Qaemshahr, Iran in 2010. Delayed sowing dates were at two levels (27 July and 13 August) as the main factor and plant density on two levels (70 and 90 thousand plants per hectare) as the sub factor and the sub-sub factor in four levels seed priming including; control no seed priming, pure water, PEG concentration 8% and KNO3 concentration 0.5%. The results showed that fresh weight per plant and forage yield per hectare lower than delay planting with 19.4 and 24.0 %, respectively. Because the plant height (12.3%), leaf (22.7%) and ear diameter (12.9%) were lower. Ratio the fresh ear weight to total in delay planting 8.8% had increase. Forage yield in 90000 plants per hectare was more than 70000 plants per hectare with 11.5%. Percent lignin with increasing plant density 4.7% was higher. Priming statistically on forage yield had not significant effect. But the highest number of ear and ratio ear fresh weight to total and the lowest ratio stem fresh weight to total was obtained in PEG. Maximum ear diameter was obtained with pure water.

Effect of water stress and absorbent substance such as animal manure, zeolite and bentonite in a field trial training - Islamic Azad University in agricultural research is conducted 2010 - 11. Tested in a split plot randomized complete block design with three replications. The experiment consisted of three irrigation treatments (100%, 85% and 70%) required water treatment plant in the main,Use absorbent materials on six levels (controls, 30 tons of manureper hectare, 15 tons of manure + 4 tons zeolite per hectare, 15 tons of manure per hectare consumption of + 2 tons of bentonite, zeoliteof 4 tons per hectare consumption of+ 2 tons of bentonite per hectare and 15 tons of manure+2 tons bentonite + 4 tons of zeoliteper hectare)in sub plots on wheat type alvand. Results showed that the effect of water stress on traits such as plant height, seed weight and seed yield and harvest index of the level of a cluster was significant at five percent. The results show that the use of fertilizers a significant effect on panicle harvest index, number of spikelets per panicle and grain has. highest levels of water stress on grain yield average of 8 / 5 tons per hectare to irrigation based on plant water requirement was 100 percent and lowest average yield of 4/03 tons per acre to plant irrigation was 70% water requirement. The results show that the zeolite used with manure can increase performance. Given the multi-year drought and water restrictions that exist in the country and Zeolite and its five-year price stability can be recommended to reduce the damage caused by irrigation farmers.

The experiments to evaluate the possibility of enriching sunflower seeds nuts on the farm by bacteria release phosphorus sulfat, In a randomized complete block design with three replications in a split plot, Arak Islamic Azad University Research Farm in 1390 was carried out. Factors include four levels of P (P1, P2, P3 and P4, respectively, 350 kg ammonium phosphate ha175 kg ammonium phosphate, ammonium phosphate and 175 kg P -2 reproductive biology, biological phosphorus fertilization -2) and four levels of zinc(Z1, Z2, Z3 and Z4, respectively, of zinc sulfate, zinc sulfate 25 kg ha sprayed on with a concentration of 10%, 25 kg ha sprayed zinc and zinc) were considered. Foliar application of zinc and phosphorus-releasing bacteria in the field, In the pre-flowering and 10 days after return again.The grain yield per hectare, biological yield, head diameter, harvest index, The grain yield per hectare, biological yield, head diameter, harvest index, The results showed that the highest yield of 50% ammonium phosphate ha treated with biological phosphorus fertilization -2 And application of zinc dust consumption of 78/5632kg ha treatments applied at 50% -2 Biological phosphorus fertilized with ammonium phosphate with zinc sulfate soil and foliar application of zinc Rate of 52/5493kg per hectare, respectively.