نشریه صنعت و دانشگاه
سال پنجم شماره 17 (پاییز و زمستان 1391)

Today, the position and roles of universities are analyzed in a system which is called National Innovation System. This system is a network of main actors with logical and consistent interaction, which by supplying continuous flow of knowledge and information provides the appropriate context for production, development and diffusion of science, technology and innovation climate in the country. Roles of universities have gone through many changes in this system. These changes are based on structure and functions. In this paper, position and role s of universities in the age of innovation-driven economy, are analyzed at the macro and micro levels. In the macro- level, influential performance of universities in the national innovation system are stated. In the micro-level, the new mission of universities based on generation, commercialization of intellectual property and their increasing involvement in the innovation process and development of technological activities at the regional, national and international levels are reflected. Finally, several suggestions for facilitating of developing universities’ new roles and functions for achieving strategic and operational objectives in line with core issues of innovation-driven economy are offered.

In recent years the development of policies and programs, fortunately we have seen significant growth in scientific publications, But what can be done to make this growth sustainable development tied to the dynamics and effectiveness of academic institutions, Utilization and commercialization of scientific achievements in the promotion and welfare of the community. Universities are one of the few institutions with research institutions in the country to develop new knowledge and technologies for various industries are. The University's mission to be the main topics of innovation and knowledge transfer and application in classification. University technology transfer offices established in order to have their internal structure so as to establish closer links with industry. One important requirement for success in their academic mission of the university, which has an ongoing relationship with industry and government that Three-dimensional network of industry - university - the state with the establishment of technology parks and technology transfer offices as examples of university-industry-government relations are considered. The paper attempts to review the literature of technology transfer offices in universities as a precursor of the third millennium and the missing link in the process of commercializing academic research achievements, And appropriate suggestions for effective operation and activities of these offices is provided in universities.

Research and Technology Organizations (RTOs) according to their mission are responsible for technology development and facilitating its commercialization in order to enhance and support the technological and innovative capabilities of relevant and related industries. The complexity and specific nature of the technology development process in RTOs in order to effective respond to the needs of industry require to designed a technology development and commercialization process which encompasses different requirements to meet the numerous challenges and problems in this direction and lead to matching between type and time of technological demands of industry and technology development and commercialization process of RTOs. In order to respond to these challenges, this paper attempt to present a modified model for the technology development and commercialization in RTOs. This model is adjusted based on the existing literature using the case study (multiple) of technology development and commercialization process in best practices by using qualitative analysis. After explaining the model, finally concluded with the analytical implication of the model.

Various actions are performed to enhance university-industry cooperation in Iran. Although efforts have been instrumental in the development of university-industry collaboration, but the country's growing need to meet the advanced technology and the commercialization of scientific breakthroughs, hence the development of new modes of university-industry cooperation is more necessary. Therefore, using an attributive survey reviewing the role of these centers in establishing effective communication between the university and industry, and also using a system dynamics modeling approach as well as drawing Causal Loop Diagrams (CLDs), variables affecting the coordination centers of science and industry in the development of the relationship between the two institutions is identified. Finally, a conceptual model is presented showing the variables and dynamics design.

The current technology advances developed countries practically not possible without education and these countries the critical dependence of Education and Technology, Have university-industry relationship. The aim of this study was to identify and prioritize strategies to improve communication and development industry in the manufacturing sector of the sports industry of Iran. Study Any Applied According to the research method is descriptive – analytical. Data collected for 2008 questionnaire was used Esham Industry The reliability coefficient based on alpha (α=0/86) was calculated. The population consists of all companies producing over Iran's Sporting Goods (220 = N) A total of 140 companies, formed the study sample. In order to analyze the descriptive statistics (tables and charts) and inferential statistics (Friedman test and Factor Analyze) and using Spss software was used. Factor analysis of test results and analysis Strategies to improve communication with industry and universities on five factors, including: Classified Training, Visit, Facilities and academic activities, Meetings and communication mechanisms and Tax rebate. Friedman test also showed that among the factors examined was identified as the optimal tax operating. The main approach to improve and develop relationships with industry in the manufacturing sector of the sports industry is considering tax breaks for companies that cooperate with universities. Generally improve and develop relationships with universities, athletic goods manufacturing industries, Can be fruitful collaboration between institutions and government.

The background of human resources needs assessments in macro studies refers more to quantity estimating . The aim of this issue is to recognition of the human resource requirements to reach to knowledge based economy with emphasis to job contents .The theoretical framework is human capital theory and knowledge based sustainable development. Recent literature has concentrated in human resource development at national level (NHRD) , which attempt to describe employee’s educational and professional specialties and planning it by means of multi-criteria human resource development and the aspects of strategic planning for knowledge based development. For this reason , by considering national needs assessment documents in initiator countries , expert characteristics on the related databases and theoretical analysis ,the main capabilities of professional labore force in manufacturing major job groups has been recognized . the mentioned capabilities are in three categories : the first are essential for work station performance which known as “employability “ , the second are common technical skills in all industrial jobs, and the last one are technical skills specific to each industry.