نشریه پژوهش های ادبی و بلاغی
سال پنجم شماره 1 (پیاپی 17، بهار 1396)

Language is the most important communication tool between humans for expression of their mental concepts, and every language has its eloquent method which by choice of words in the sentence structure and Income and disposal in them effects on the soul. . Here the Holy Quran as a literary masterpiece is considered the best pattern of this important. So that, all of the methods used in it have been understood as the sublime sample of the rhetoric and eloquence. On the other hand, the old rhetorical analysis always has been used as a very practical tool for receiving the subjective meaning of speaker. In this research, we analyze the methods of and «precedence and delay» in combinations via using this tool in a completely practical way and with a inductive method. The research has has made Jorjani's theory as a base and compares it with Sakkaki's theories in his well-known book "Miftāh ul-uloum" and Ibn Ashur's in his Tafseer "At-tahreer Wat-Tanweer".
This style has great importance in electing the speaker's concepts. Undoubtedly, this important tool play an undeniable role in explaining the rhetorical expression miracle of the Quran. So, has provided the thoughts and concepts in a sensory way like an art panel to the audience in which there is harmony between methods and current requisites. And finally, the analysis of these methods will help the reader that in addition to understand the beauty, discover the secrets and intended meaning helps the listener to understand the differences. and similarities between the great scholar's thoughts.

American mythologist Joseph Campbell, paid to explores hero's journeys in different cultures, based on the Carl Gustav Jung's ideas, and presented a model for this journeys in The Hero With a Thousand Faces. This model has extensive capabilities for the analysis of literary works. Hezar o yek shab is one of the works that can be studied according to Campbell's model. This Study pay to Ajib and Gharib's narrative in the Hezar o yek shab based on this model. Research results show that components such as an invitation to begin journey, decline the invitation, crossing the first threshold, divine intervention and belly of the whale in departure step and the woman as tempter,tests road, meet with the goddess and become Godly In the initiation step and the Lord of the two worlds, emancipation in life and the final blessing In return step, in the plot of this story is Correspond With Campbell's model. Also other parts, has been removed for necessity of the story.

The archetypal criticism of contemporary literary criticism is one of the approaches to explore the nature and characteristics of myths and archetypes and their role in literature.
In this article we review Aghl e Surkh from the perspective of archetypal criticism based on archetypes Hero's Journey, death and rebirth, and the old wise and archetypal symbols such as open , wells, desert, mountain Qaf, gem glow, the Tuba Tree, Phoenix and fountain of life is analyzed.
According to this story the archetypal archetypal hero's journey and the rest of the wise old archetype and symbols associated with them have meaning.

Cosmic human, half-human creature is first, by giving body and soul, the universe out of nothing liberates. Death of the great man, who summarized the essence of the universe, the beginning of creation begins again with the breakup of his existence. His death is the only change to re-enter the world body. If the entry in the form of plants, animals or one of the phenomena of nature such as mountains and sky come and go and sometimes eternal life in the form of all existence. In this paper, the mythological origins of the world and humanity "cosmic human body" knows, are discussed. Psychoanalytic study of mythology shows the archetype of giant, born and prescient power potential in the field of personal communication with other people and human beings have it. In the story of the creation of man, the human basic pattern, sometimes deep into the darkness falls and breaks. Then the pieces are collected to be led to the origin. Yong maturity process "individuation" calls. An effort in which the man tries from former (ancient style) out and achieve universality and particularity of abstraction and the personality to reach individual character. At the same time, plans, regardless of gender or social class constraints, the idea of pantheism, to achieve the ultimate purpose that God or being one with nature, walk.

Although they are mostly naturalistic storiesadegh Chubak. But the influence of some of his works of literary schools is another consideration. We believe he was dead monkey who owns is the existentialist story. The story tried relaxation, aimlessness, emptiness and misery of people in this world to showcase. An animal that has lost its owner suddenly releases. But soon this freedom with a sense of apprehension or fear and helplessness at the time. Entre in this story monkey symbolizes "man"Human reveler left the godless and the symbol "God" of lost him". In this article we try to existential elements identified in he was dead monkey who owns and explain each separately.To reflect beliefs Agzysty put on display in this work.The use of descriptive and analytical approach and with the help For the first signs of ave described as an existentialist school Samples were collected from stories we bring to it.

All art of the Hafiz is in his style. in the style of Hafez, there is kind of controversial expression and paradox. The structure of his poems in the final analysis, is a contradictory structure and paradoxical. Contrasting concepts and combinations takes place of words and phrases in the opposite. A strategy to express the mental behavior and language is mainly irony and ambiguity. By examining the reasons and causes of the paradox can be concluded that the following reasons is the cause paradoxes in hafiz poems. 1. Describes the man 2. social and political and religious organization 3. Special rhetoric 4. Love 5. Some other reasons such as pray, fast an atc. In this study, after a brief definition of the paradoxes have discussed in reasons of the paradox in hafiz poems. Paradox has an important role in the correction of his poems that we try to show its effect by clear exampls.