نشریه جغرافیا و مطالعات محیطی
پیاپی 27 (پاییز 1397)

Today, perhaps one of the most important challenges of urban planning in our country, the housing seal of an explosively at the national level to be implemented and changes in the physical space and significant populations as a design house for the families of the downstream community created , which do not coordinate with the principles of sustainable development.The issue of quality of life indicators of sustainable development and the welfare state in any society is nowadays a significant impact in the field of management.In Hamadan, like the rest, housing seal was conducted at several points that the Nzrmkan issue, how to build, prepare the lands are in trouble.And in this regard, using qualitative and documents and analyzes via GIS software and SPSS and lisrel and then evaluate the software AMOS and SEM, to check the status of quality Ztdgy area due to introduction of sustainable investigated, The results show that this area is inconsistent with the principles Shhrpaydar. Finally Planning was done.

A number of theoretical and practical solutions were presented in response to the problems of urban sprawl and its negative results. Urban Smart growth theory provided infill development with the aim to guide a part of regional growth in urban centers and reduce the pressure of physical growth on the rural and undeveloped urban areas trying to emphasize on the development of cities and utilization of the existing infrastructure. Lack of accurate and efficient method for calculating capacity development and relying on development planning based on potential rather than capacity were intensified the need to develop the operational process to assess the development capacity. Because of the extent of this issue and the importance of the social dimension in the development process, in this paper has been paid to developing a framework for measuring the social capacity of infill development. Since there is no consensus on the index measured, primary index were collected after studying international sources and Delphi method were used to achieve consensus among experts (In partnership with 21 experts). In order to quantify the measurement of capacity development, AHP scoring method was used. The questionnaires (Statistical population consisted of 375 residents) were distributed. Information collected was analyzed through GIS geographic information system.

Educational environment Including Urban strategic applications are sometimes due to lack of attention to spatial conditions are uneven, as users are incompatible with adjacent educational facilities; The main objective of this study is to assess the vulnerability of educational institutions from the perspective of passive defense case study: Primary schools metropolis of Ahvaz. The purpose of this study is descriptive analytical in nature. Library and field study data were collected theoretical And to assess the vulnerability of the primary centers of the two original location and retrofit passive defense spatial database was used. To analyze the information, software (Excel GIS, Geoda, Spss,) is used. Fuzzy hierarchical analysis model used (FAHP) has been surveying seven experts. Data analysis showed that in terms of compatibility matrix metropolitan schools in different areas of Ahvaz,Parts two, three and six regions are the most vulnerable and the most secure areas of seven and four known areas. The classifying study to measure the effect of the whole pathology of primary schools Using regression analysis showed that the entire spectrum of five Foundation with 100% confidence level was significant, To assess the vulnerability of primary schools from the perspective of the retrofitting of six indicators of spatial autocorrelation using the methods and Anselin local Morans were used.The results show that primary schools in Ahvaz 41/28 percent and 18/35 percent in the situation is quite safe are also quite unsafe.

The sustainable urban development covers the economic and social development along with continuous conservation of natural resources for both current and future generations at capacity of natural systems and coordination with development programs. This study evaluated social-economic and population factors on ecological footprint components. Statistical population of this study selected from all families living in Tabriz. The sample was chosen due to Cochran formula which included 385 persons. The questionnaire was filled by using random sampling method. At last statistical data analysis was conducted by SPSS software and multivariate regression analysis in two stages from questionnaire. The results indicated that the variables of social-economic and population parameters in Tabriz have significant effect on ecological footprint components (food, transportation, housing, and commodity). This effect means that with increasing the variable of social-economic and population (age, sex, marriage, and income), the ecological footprint index increases. The results also indicated that independent variable parameters affect within %84 on ecological footprint components in Tabriz.

This study is proposed a model of urban expansion based on cellular automata principles and fuzzy logic approach. The most effective indicators were first selected using the DEMATEL method. The weight of each indicator was then obtained with the help of the prepared structure using the Analytic Network Process (ANP). Three satellite images of 2003, 2007, and 2013 were used to simulate urban growth of Ahvaz in the year 2020. The selected base year was 2003. After performing preprocessing operations, the images were classified using the maximum likelihood method. The combination of fuzzy logic and the classic cellular automata model was made operational by defining the transition rules using the degrees of fuzzy membership. The Kappa index was employed in two stages to study accuracy of the images. The images of the base year were first classified and their accuracy was examined, and the accuracy of the simulated images with respect to reality was also investigated for the year 2007 and then simulation of the images of the other years was performed. Since the degree of accuracy of the model was considered acceptable, the linear regression model and the matrix of transition probabilities were employed for simulation in 2020. Results indicated the model enjoyed acceptable accuracy. It also yielded more realistic results in urban simulations compared to the classic CA method. Moreover, and growth and development of Ahvaz in different periods did not take place in any specific direction but rather was completely irregular and occurred in all directions.

Qeshm Island in Iran can be said gate for Geotourism. The largest island in the Persian Gulf, due to its unique geological and Biodiversity Phenomenon, High potential for becoming a major hub for ecotourism and geotourism in the Persian Gulf basin. One of the forms is longest salt cave of world in Namakdan salt dome with length is 6580 meters. with its great potentials and capabilities in the field of Geotourism development, has not been able to reach its real status yet. Therefore, this question arises: what are the potentials and limitations of developing the region’s geotourism? And, what strategies are required for developing this kind of tourism and national and regional development resulted from it? The present study, considering this aim, is of applied kind and regarding the methodology is analytical, descriptive and survey study. The population of the present study is Qeshm island and the community sample is the experts of tourism in Qeshm and bandarabbas town. To analyze the data and identify the strategies of the region’s geotourism development the SWOT model was used. The findings show that the region under study with 20 advantages and the weight score3.733, 21 opportunities with the weight score 3.960 versus 16 advantages and the weight score 3.768 , 14 threats and the weight score 3/535 , has great capabilities for developing in the Persian golf , however, the existing weaknesses and threats hinder the realization of these potentials and capabilities

One of the challenges facing cities today, especially cities in the Third World, is, along with other economic and social issues, housing and housing finance for low-income groups. As a result of this, the problem of housing and its supply in the cities of Iran is an important challenge. Therefore, this research seeks to study the policies, attitudes and practices of the country's development plan for its pathology in the housing sector, and in particular the housing of low-income groups. The results of the research indicate that in the fifth development plan, with the change of government, we see the policy shift from the axial supply to the demand side. In the early years of this program, the most important approach to low-income housing was the failed Mehr Housing Project, which was abandoned by changing the government due to the problems of this project in providing housing for low-income groups. But no substitute program for housing in low income groups was provided, only to review the comprehensive housing plan and add five new programs. During the fifth development plan, housing inflation has risen and the housing market is in recession. Housing market approaches have practically failed to help finance low-income groups. The sixth development plan was also designed with more goals than the fifth program. The program focuses on the issue of housing of low-income groups in four dimensions, in which policies and strategies are being considered to optimize the desirable urban depreciated texture.

The breakdown in the spatial structure of urban neighborhoods and the loss of their physical identities has resulted in the disappearance of continuous social structures among residents and the reduction of face-to-face communications and has led to substitution of secondary relationships rather than warm and intimate relationships among individuals. The purpose of this research is to investigate the role of social capital in sustainable development of the city of Izeh.
The method of this research is descriptive-analytic and the main instrument of the research is a researcher-made questionnaire. The statistical population of the study is 15 neighborhoods of Izeh city, which according to the census of 1390 population is 122013 people. The sample size was obtained from 250 Cochran formula. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS 20 software using T-test.
The results show that the general status of social capital in the level of the city of Izeh with a significant level above 0.05 indicates the desired status. In terms of citizens, two physical, environmental and health-related indicators are in a non-sustained state, and citizens of these two measures Satisfactory satisfaction, but two other indicators of socio-cultural and economic indicators were not significant at level of instability. The overall result of the research suggests that the attention of the urban and regional planners and urban planners to the indicators of sustainable development of the localities in the level of the fifteen neighborhoods of Izeh city.