فصلنامه مهارت آموزی
پیاپی 23 (بهار 1397)

The overall objective of the study was to investigate the effects of refresher courses at ITC in Karaj on professional(job) empowerment of instructors in ILAM Technical and Vocational training Head Office in 1994-95(2015-2016). The research type was descriptive and applied. The data gathering tool was a questionnaire which after designing, its formal validity (according to the scholars’ viewpoints), and its reliability (using Cronbach's alpha coefficient 83%) was measured. The statistical population of the study included 145 instructors who participated in refresher courses at ITC and a sample of 103 were selected based on Morgan's table. Dual questionnaires containing 29 items for measuring empowerment(capability) and 19 items for evaluation of training content were completed and analyzed. Based on the results, it can be said that the training courses have played a moderate role in all indicators of empowerment(capability). In the factor analysis, the 5 factors of: Instructors’ skills and competency, creativity enhancement and self-learning, enhancement of learners’ participation, training environment(equipment) and teaching methods showed the variance of 74/62 for ITC refresher courses. Based on the results of step by step regression, 6 independent variables include: enhancement of self-learning in learners, teachers’ mastery to teaching methods, the use of training aids, thinking evoking methods in learners, attention to the latest innovations, the proper relationship between instructors and learners showed 81.4% of the instructors’ professional empowerment changes.

Today in the competition between organizations in the world, there are many factors that can be applied to organizations and their excellence. Having qualified (competent) human resources with high productivity and professional qualifications determine the standard indicators of the status of nations in a competitive hierarchy. The purpose of this study is to identify the professional qualifications of the industrial workers and provide the framework and initial model of professional competence in pursuit of strategic objectives of Zob Ahan Steel Company and Mobarakeh Steel Complex and to improve the skills of the workers.
The research method is exploratory descriptive which based on the study of existing practices(instructions) and theoretical fundamentals, different models and patterns and interviewing with experts, a list of competencies and its’ components was determined. In order to confirm and determine the significance of each competency, a researcher-made questionnaire was used and the main competencies were confirmed and by using factor analysis, competencies were classified into five main factors of: knowledge, skill, attitude, attributes and motivation. The importance of each of the factors and indices has been determined and finally the competencies were interpreted by using the iceberg model.

A three-year survey in Singapore has shown that 17 percent of this country's startups are bankrupt, While this ratio was less than 1 percent for companies that have completed the human resource training program. In Iran, it is anticipated that, given the inclusion of the 10,000 billion Rials bill, the support of knowledge-based companies in the budget of 2011 will further increase the prosperity of this sector of the economy. It should be noted that the process of commercialization of innovation requires development and the expectation of obtaining financial and public support and spending a lot of time and energy. Therefore, the process of commercializing innovative ideas faces many problems so that today just only one innovative idea succeeds out of 3,000 innovative ideas and can be commercialized (Rajshree, 2011). Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify and prioritize the effective skills in success of the knowledge-based companies, as well as the process of business skill of these types of firms(enterprises), and to present a model based on the existing situation of these companies on the way of success in commercialization of their achievements.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of in-service (on the job) training on empowering the technical and vocational training’s staff in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province. The research is descriptive – survey which assess the managers and staff viewpoints  of  Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province toward the impact of in-service training on empowering the staff  conducted by a questionnaire survey distributed among the managers and employees and the results have been obtained without any interference. Therefore, this research is an applied research in terms of purpose, and in terms of collecting and analyzing data, is a descriptive-survey method. The total statistical population consisted of all the employees(110 people) participating in training courses in 1391-1392(2012-2013) in technical and vocational training of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province which by using Morgan table and random simple sampling method, just 86 people were selected out of them as a sample.
Two methods of library study and questionnaire were used to collect information. A questionnaire was designed to measure the five empowerment components including self-efficacy, self-awareness, meaningfulness, impact, and trust with 20 items based on Likerts’ range from very high to very low grade and distributed among the research samle. According to the findings of this research, in-service training courses have a significant effect on the empowerment of the staff of this organization.

The purpose of study is assumed to investigate the experience of women prisoners in Sanandaj prison from professional and technical education. It has been used qualitative approach, phenomenology strategy, interview as methodology. In this research, it was attempted to analyze the participants' understanding of professional and technical training in prison as well as its effectiveness. this study investigate 9 female prisoners at the Sanandaj Center for Rehabilitation and Development who were in VET training course, they were selected through targeted sampling, while they being interviewed based on thematic analysis. In data analysis there were dimensions to be surveyed to empower prisoners before prison including training in jail, client interest to attend in training courses. The findings of the present study indicate that women with different crime grounds have a great incentive to attend classes. Also, studying the experiences of clients showed that attending these classes has a positive role in the comprehensive empowerment of clients. In most cases, job empowerment and providing rehabilitation for prisoners could decrease crimes.

The purpose of this study was to identify and analyze effective factors on the effectiveness of Technical and Vocational training in one of the military organizations and at the three levels of individual, educational and organizational factors. The present study is an applied research that has been done by descriptive - correlation method. The statistical population of the study consisted of 283 supervisors of the production lines of an organization which were trained by Technical and Vocational training organization in 1397(2018).
Based on Morgan-Krejcy table, sample size was 150 students, which were selected based on random sampling method. The data gathering tool was a researcher-made questionnaire that was prepared based on Likert's five-point range. For the final test questionnaire, Krone Bach Alpha was used which is 0.86.
For content validity, the expert agreement has been used. For data analysis, descriptive statistics such as mean, mode, frequency, percentage, standard deviation and factor analysis were used. Research findings show that the 3 individual, educational and organizational factors have affected the 69% of the total variance, which indicates the high impact of technical and vocational training.