مجله علمی پژوهان
سال هفدهم شماره 4 (تابستان 1398)

Lack of job satisfaction among nurses leads to decrease health care quality and the performance of hospitals. This study aimed to determine Job satisfaction among nurses in hospitals of Iran.

This study was conducted using a systematic review and meta-analysis approach. Eight electronic databases were searched and evaluated for original research papers published on job satisfaction among nurses. Finally, twelve empirical studies were reviewed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software.

Based on random effects model, the mean and standard division nurses’ job satisfaction was 2/89 ± 0/08(95% CI 2/72-3/05%). The highest mean and standard division job satisfaction was recorded in private and public hospitals in Rasht in 2013, 3/59 ± 0/03(95% CI 3/51-3/66%) and the lowest mean and standard division job satisfaction was found in an educational hospital in Amol in 2018, 2/50 ± 0/03(95% CI 2/43-2/57%). Significant statistical correlation was observed between job satisfaction mean and age, work experience and sample size (P<0/05).

The mean job motivation among nursing staff in Iran was medium; thus, managers and policymakers should take serious measures to increase job satisfaction among nurses.

Pneumothorax is a life-threatening complication and the most common cause of which is trauma. Early diagnosis and treatment of Pneumothorax are very important. The aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic values of four-point and double-point ultrasound versus CT scan in determining pneumothorax in Rasul-Akram and Hafte-Tir Hospitals during the years 2015 - 2016.

This cross-sectional study was performed on 880 trauma patients that selected randomly from the emergency department. The study information was completed based on two-point US and four-point US and the patients’ file records. CT scan, as the gold standard for the diagnosis of pneumothorax, was used for all patients. The crosstab test was used for evaluating the accuracy of two methods and to determine the Kappa coefficient level of agreement. Data were analyzed using SPSS v.16 software.

The sensitivity of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of pneumothorax in the two-point technique group was 91.1%, with a specificity of 100%, a positive predictive value of 100% and a negative predictive value of 97.7%. The accuracy in this method was 95.5%. In the four-point technique, the sensitivity was 98.9%, with a specificity of 100%, a positive predictive value of 100% and a negative predictive value of 99.7%. The accuracy in this method was 99.4%.

The four-point chest ultrasound is a high accuracy method for the bedside diagnosis of pneumothorax in patients with trauma.

Today, with increasingresistance of bacteria to antibiotics, the use of medicinal plants has increased. The aim of this study was to investigate the antibacterial properties of Carla extract on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus to investigate the inhibitory properties and to find alternative drugs.

In this research, the antimicrobial activity of Carla inaqueous and alcoholic extraction on escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus was performed by means of well diffusion method. Consequently, theinhibitory zone, MIC and MBC were determined.

MIC and Mbc for escherichia coli showed the highest sensitivity to alcoholic extract of leaf with mean of 62.5 mg/ml and 125 mg/ml and staphylococcus aureus showed the highest susceptibility to fruit alcoholic extract with mean of 64 mg / ml and 64 mg / ml. The diameter of the inhibition zone of the alcoholic extract of the leaf for E. coli is 19 mm and the diameter of the inhibition zone of the alcoholic extract of fruit for staphylococcus aureus is 2/26 mm, which confirms the results of MIC and Mbc. Minimum inhibitory concentration of E.coli was related to the alcoholic extract of leaf and the minimum concentration of fecundity was related to alcoholic beverage.

Results for staphylococcus aureusac company from the order of aqueous extract of leaf

Job motivation is essential for effective employment. The aim of this study was to investigate affective factors on attitudes toward future job among PhD students in Hamadan University of Medical Sciences.

This is a descriptive-cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of 81 Ph.D. students who were selected from different faculties based on academic discipline (basic and clinical sciences). Using a structured questionnaire including demographic information, self-efficacy, attitude toward the field of study, and professional development. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 21.

The mean age of PhD students were 35.8 with a standard deviation of 8.7. The majority of them were women (60%), married (53%) and those in basic sciences (91%). The results showed that the attitude toward the field of study was good, but the attitude toward the job prospect was not in desirable limit. There was a significant relationship between mentoring function (instructor) and attitudes toward job prospects. In addition, self-efficacy had a significant relationship with the field of study and job prospects (P<0.05).

Improving self-efficacy in PhD students and emphasizing to the role of faculty members as a pattern are effective on attitudes toward job prospect. Therefore, the new regulations, the provision of appropriate facilities, successful planning for the training of a capable workers and the creation of new job positions are other measures to promote university mobility.

Metacarpal and finger fractures are the most common upper organ injuries in the emergency. The hand is one of the most important and effective part in this organ. Diagnosis and treatment for these organs are crucial until complete recovery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of ultrasonography compared to radiography in the diagnosis of metacarpal fractures in the emergency departments of the hospitals Kosar and Be'sat in Sanandaj during the years 2016-2017.

In this cross-sectional study, patients that referred to the emergency with clinical suspicion of metacarpal fracture were evaluated. Clinical, ultrasound, and radiographic findings of the patient were completed by a checklist. Kappa agreement test was used to investigate the relationship between findings of sonographic and radiographicand sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value of two methods calculated by using SPSS v.24 software. 

In this study, 73 patients were evaluated, 57 (78.1%) were male and 16 (21.9%) were female. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value related to radiography in diagnosis of metacarpal fractures were 84.2%, 88.5%, 83.5%, and 89.8%, respectively. There was a significant relationship between sonographic and radiographic findings. The kappa value is 0.78 in the direct direction.  

Due to the high sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound in cases with a suspicion of fracture, ultrasound results are faster, cheaper, non-invasive and repeatable in the emergency departmentand Fast ultrasound (FAST) can be performed.

Considering the growing prevalence of diabetes type II, more effective decisions should be made for appropriate service prioritization for prevention and treatment of common complications. Thus, this study was intended to evaluate the effect of demographic factors on hospitalizations of patients with diabetes type II in Tonekabon.

This is a descriptive-analytic study with purposive sampling on 201 medical profile of hospitalized patients with diabetes type II in Shahid Rajaei Hospital in Tonekabon in 2016. Data were extracted and analyzed with SPSS v.23 according to variables include age, sex, living place, marital status, education level, and admission cause.

Results of this study showed that there was not significant difference between mean admission cause and living place (P=0.174). Moreover, no significant difference was observed between mean admission cause and marital status (p=0.061). Contrarily, in terms of different age groups, a significant difference was observed between 40-50 and above 70 years age group. Additionally, a significant difference was not observed between admission causes and different occupational and educational groups. (P>0.05).

Results of this study suggests that the psychological or behavioral factors involved in the treatment of diabetes type II should be investigated. In addition, considering the significant difference in different mean age groups and insignificant difference in patients living in urban or rural area, it is suggested that the behavior and diet of these patients should be evaluated.

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders can a great deal cost for communities each year. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in workers working in the fruit and vegetable markets and to identify the risk factors that affecting these disorders.

This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 570 the fruit and vegetable markets workers in 2014. To determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders, the Cornell Questionnaire (CMDQ) was distributed among the selected samples. Finally, data were analyzed with SSPS version 18.

The mean age of the participates was 31.49±6.38 and the mean time of work was 12.28±1.51. In addition, work experience was 5.5±2.06. The prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders was estimated 78.3 ± 6.8. The prevalence rates in the balance sheet, bar, middle, back, and lettuce and vegetable occupations were 91, 86, 78, 71, and 75, respectively. Correlations between age, body mass index, occupational group and prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders were significant (P<0.05).

The findings of this study recommend the implementation of appropriate interventional measures, such as redesigning workstations and training workers on proper carriage, the need for part-time occupational health professionals to reduce the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders, and increase workers' efficiency.

With respect to this fact that trust in supervisor could result in positive organizational consequences, the goal of this research was to investigate the relationship between psychological capital, perceived interactional justice and supervisor support with trust in supervisor.

The study design was descriptive and correlational. The statistical sample (250) was all nurses that work in Hamadan hospitals and selected by simple random sampling. The research tools included psychological capital questionnaire, interactional justice questionnaire, supervisor support and trust in supervisor questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient in SPSS v.19 with significance set at p ≤0.05.

The results showed that there is significant positive relationship between psychological capital and perceived interactional justice with trust to supervisor (p=0.01), but there is not significant relationship between supervisor support and trust to supervisor (p>0.05).

The results indicate that the dimensions of psychological capital, perception of justice, and supervisor support can build trust in the supervisor. Therefore, it is recommended to pay attention to the variables mentioned in order to build trust in the supervisor.