نشریه علوم و فنون مرزی
پیاپی 29 (تابستان 1398)

Borders, while separating the two political units, have historically played the role of peace and war in the historical transition between the two nations. Iran, having suffered damaging treaties and border treaties in its contemporary history with regard to boundary disputes and treaties, has been a threatening factor from its neighbors. The present study aims to fully understand and better perception of the effective indicators of Iran's border disputes with its western neighbor, Iraq, with the aim of explaining the processes and contexts of contracts signed between the two countries over the past hundred years. Iran-Iraq Border Conflicts are a legacy of Iran-Ottoman border disputes and conflicts at various stages of war and peace by concluding border treaties and conventions in line with the role of the colonists of the East and the West, relying on the same border disputes with religious beliefs and disputes. Iran and the Ottomans played the role of mediators in determining the border and boundaries and due to the role and mediation of foreigners, these treaties could never have ended the conflict of supporters of the two nations. With the emergence of Iraq following the disintegration of the Ottoman Empire in the wake of World War I, tensions and border disputes with Iran did not end only with the religious and ethnic (Arab and Persian) disputes raised by the Iraqi Ba'athist government. It led to an eight-year war between the two countries. The research method is descriptive-analytical and data gathering is done through documentary method and political documents and border protocols of the two countries through the method of library studies and archive of document centers. This study seeks to answer the question of which boundary point in the Iran-Iraq conflict has had the greatest impact on the strain of military relations and clashes. What effects did the role of the border treaties, and especially the most prominent of the Algerian 1975 treaties, have on the peace and war era between Iran and Iraq? The findings also show how the East and West superpowers imposed an eight-year war on the Iranian government and nation with the provocation of the Iraqi Ba'athist government on the pretext of border disputes with their eastern neighbor.

The necessity of education has become a natural matter. The development of organizations and institutions is also aimed at improving the level of knowledge, skills, behaviors and insights of human resources. The purpose of this study was to investigate the realization of educational goals of Border Graduates from the perspective of graduates of this category. This applied research is aimed at explaining and describing the effectiveness of longitudinal programs at Amin Police University. The data is quantitative; and in terms of the nature and type this study is of a cross-sectional survey. The study population consisted of all the graduates of Amin Police University (Border Police) from 2011-2016. Based on simple random sampling method and sample size, the present study consists of 110 individuals. Data gathering tool is a 21-item researcher-made questionnaire. The obtained data were analyzed by SPSS software. The graduates' viewpoints do not conform to general and core courses, but the core courses and specialized courses correspond to the tasks assigned to the I. R. I. Police