مجله پژوهش های کاربردی روانشناختی
سال هفتم شماره 2 (تابستان 1395)

Nursing is considered as a high level of risk profession and burnout. Past research on nurses has identified a significant negative relation of nurses’ job burnout with their hardiness and emotional intelligence. The present research aimed to explore the job burnouts among nurses, and to examine the relationship between nurses’ burnout with predictor variables such as emotional intelligence, spiritual intelligence and hardiness. The sample consisted of 180 female nurses. Participants completed the Maslach burnout inventory, emotional intelligence scale-41, self–report measure of spiritual intelligence, and personal views survey. The results of correlation coefficients indicated that emotional intelligence, spiritual intelligence and hardiness have a negative relationships with nurses’ job burnout and  step by step regression analysis of showed that hardiness (component of commitment), spiritual intelligence (component of personal meaning production), and emotional intelligence (component of regulation of emotions) are the significant predictors  for nurses’ job burnout. Finding Further indicated that three components or commitment, personal meaning production and regulation of emotion can predict 39% changes in nurses’ job burnout. It can be concluded that three main psychological factors predict the job burnout among nurses

Communication impairment and interaction problems are obvious characteristics of children with autism disorder. This research aimed to design the preverbal skills training program, and study its effectiveness on high- functional autistic children's communication skills. This research is an experimental research in which students with higher scores in autism high functional scale were selected by available sampling method among all the students with autism disorders in Tehran autism schools and centers in 1394-95. Among high- functional autistic children, 16 boys; 8 in experimental and 8 in control grope were selected as statistic sample. Preverbal skills training program were taught in 20 sessions in Tehran April2 autism center. Teaching of language developing (TOLD) test was used for the assessment of communication skills. The validity of this scale confirmed by specialists and its reliability was reported in 0/74 to 0/96. Data were analyzed by advanced statistical methods such as repeated measures and MANCOVA. The results showed that all hypothesis of this research significantly were accepted and Preverbal skills training program, led to Modify and increas the communication skills of HFA children in experimental groupe.

The purpose of the present study was to examine the psychometric features (construct reliability and validity) of Baker’s  (2008) 13 - item work  related fondness questionnaire. So  260  employees of  Iran Air craft Construction Company were selected to respond to the questionnaire through multiple clustered random sampling. The exploring factor structure via Varimax   rotation  in work  related  fondness questionnaire, like the original questionnaire, has achieved three factors which totally verify 71.37 the questionnaire’s variance and all the articles  significantly put  the burden on the factor related to them. The  total  internal consistency coefficient of the scale was assessed 0.88,  first factor 0.94, second factor 0.88 and the third factor 0.80. The confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the data enjoy a suitable fitness; the positive correlation of this scale with job satisfaction questionnaire (Brayfieldn & Rothe, H 1951)  0.82 and positive affection questionnaire(Watson,  Tellegen,clark, 1988) 0.59 include  the convergent  validity of the test and its correlation with negative affection(Watson,  Tellegen,clark, 1988) -0.61 showed its divergent validity. The scale of work related fondness experience can be applied in clinical and research activities.

The purpose of this study was to develop an emotional intelligence training program and to evaluate its effectiveness on decreasing behavior problems of adolescents with emotional and behavioral problems that living in single-parent families. This program was offered through workshop which consisted of 10 sessions, two hours per session. The study utilized a quasi-experimental research method with pretest-posttest and follow-up with control group. The sample of the study was selected by a purposive sampling method and11 students in the experimental group and 12 students in the control group were among the adolescents with emotional and behavioral problems that living in single parent families. The instruments used in this study included Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), and Youth Self Report (YSR), (Achenbach&Reskula, 2001; Minaee, 2012). The obtained data was analyzed using Repeated Measures of Analysis of Variance, which showed that emotional intelligence training program could significantly decrease behavior problems in adolescents with emotional and behavioral problems in single parent families

The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of emotional self-efficacy training schedule on social adjustment and social anxiety of male students in the middle schools. So,  a sample of 34  students in second and third grades from the zone 2 of Rey city were selected by multi-stage random sampling. Groups had been matched with a view to academic achievement, parental education and IQ coefficient. They were randomly divided in two groups (20 students in experimental and 17 students in control group). The experimental group received emotional self-efficacy skills training schedule at eight meetings. And control group received no training. Pretest and posttest were an inventory including subscales like: California social adjustment and Kanver social anxiety. For the data analysis, descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation of the experimental group and control group scores and inferential statistical analysis of covariance was used. Generally, results showed that emotional self-efficacy skills training schedule increases student social adjustment and decreases social anxiety. Emotional self-efficacy skills training schedules can increase social adjustment due to the growing cognitive control of emotion and put them on hold, on the other hand because of the training emphasis   on the self-efficacy skills and self-regulation, it can be effective on  decreasing the social anxiety.

The study designed to evaluate the effectiveness of  Narrative Therapy on improvement of Verbal Skills ‎and ‎social ‎communication of children with autism.Research design was  quasi-experimental  that included a pretest and posttest that was conducted on both the experimental group, and control group. 20 children with autism were recruited through Simple random sampling and randomly assigned to control and experimental groups.The experimental group was trained during three weeks. Childhood Autism Rating Scale (GARS) were used as the instruments for measuring improvement of children’s autistic features.  And the data collected from pre-test and post-test were analyzed by use of covariance. Results showed that Narrative Therapy was significantly effective in decreasing symptoms of autism. Also, in speech/language, communication and sociability subtests significant result was observed (P<0.05(whereas in Stereotyped and repetitive Behavior subtests there were not any statistically significant results. According to benefits of this intervention in treatment and importance of increasing Narrative Therapy sessions for children with autism, it is recommended this therapy method in conjunction with conventional methods to be offered to Society of Autism.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of group therapy based on cognitive rehabilitation of memory and executive functions in TBI patients with moderating role of depression, anxiety and mental fatigue symptoms. The research design administrated was pretest-posttest experimental, during which 26 individuals with brain injury were chosen using purposive sampling method and randomly assigned to experimental (N=12) and control (N=14) groups. Data collection was done by the memory and executive functions package which is designed, translated and Customized by Hatami and colleagues (in press), as well as depression, anxiety and mental fatigue Questionaries’ and were then analyzed using by ANCOVA and MANCOVA. Intervention sessions were subsequently held for 12 sessions, each session two hours, two days a week, and the control group received routine hospital intervention. The results showed that rehabilitation exercises, improved semantic memory performance, problem solving and continuous attention in patients with TBI (p<0.05) but had no significant effect in divided attention, episodic and working memory (p>0.05). Individual differences, gender, age and tests low accuracy, may explain the lack of significant improvement in the patients with TBI. Also, the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation on the cognitive functions in general is related to mental fatigue changes, but there is no significant relationship in depression and anxiety changes and improvement of memory and executive function in people with brain injury.

The main goal of this study was to investigate the effect of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT(on the body image in the male body-building athletes.This study employed a semi-experimental study design with pretest and posttest and the control group, in which of effect of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT(techniques to improve body image in the 18 to 30 years male bodybuilding athletes, in four gyms (Aryan, South east, Chamran and Spina) in Tehran in summer 1394 ،was stood.In this study convenience sampling method was used based on purpose.So that among the bodybuilders who had the criteria of entrance to the study ,32 people with the score of 12 to 26(mild to moderate in the Beck Anxiety Inventory and with the score of 46 to 170(bad and average)on body image questionnaire MBSRQ selected and randomly divided into two groups (each group, n = 16), were counted.People who are in the experimental group were participated in 8 sessions each was 2 hours once a week, the control group did not receive any treatment. After the treatment, post-test was performed on both groups.The results of the analysis of covariance indicates the effectiveness of Mindfulnessbased cognitive therapy (MBCT) on body image is effective (p <0/05). Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT(can improve body image in the male bodybuilding athletes.

Problem solving strategies include high-level thinking skills like mental visualization , abstraction, perception and understanding, manipulation, reasoning and analysis. In all of the problem solving models the components of realizing the problem, analizing the problem and representing solution are considered as major components. Whenever people have problem in one or more stages, they may not be able to solve the problem. In problem solving process, children learn to interact with their problems in a way that they don’t feel anxiety and have appropriate reaction with probable defeats. Attending the different aspects of problem solving skill, valid and reliable assessment of this construct seems to be essential. The purpose of this study is to adapt a valid and reliable scale to assess pre-school childrens’ interpersonal problem solving skills.  It is a descriptive-analytic study. Statistical population  contains all the preschool children of the 6th zone of Tehran in 2015. Sample contains 271, 4 to 6 year-old children. Single-linkage clustering  method was used. Criterion validity was analyzed through teachers reports and construct validity was analyzed by the relation of test scores. The Findings illustrate that the present scale has  appropriate  psychometric properties. Findings contain two main parts, including the validity and reliability of the test. Test-retest reliability illustrates an acceptable correlation coefficient (.71 to .96 ). Descriminative validity is based on the differences between two groups of children with and without behavioral problems and comparing their profiles based on peer-related and mother-related scores. The average score of children without behavioral problem was higher than children with this problem.The comarison of the profiles of the children with and without behavioral problems through multivariate variance analysis shows a significant difference between them (p<.05). Total average of boys answers are more than girls. results indicate that children with behavioral problem choose more verbal and physical forceful solutions in solving their problems. The average of related solutions, categories, enumerations and unrelated solutions in children without behavioral problem in mother problems is more than children with behavioral problem while in repetition we didn’t find any significant difference.Children without behavioral problems offer more solutions and use more categories solving their problems with their mothers. Totally, girls have higher average score in non-forceful solutions and categories and lower average score in forceful and unrelated solutions.

We livein the era that  are seeing the growing use of social networks among family members especially youth. This study was conducted to investigate relationship between family function and use of social networks among high school students.The type of this study was correlational and conducted in 2015-16. The study population included all high school students in the second period of Qazvin. 175 students were selected by multistage random cluster sampling method. The study devices included BFAS (Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale) and FAD (Family Assessment Device). Both descriptive and analytical Pierson and stepwise regression were used to analyze the data.Results of  Pearson correlation coefficient showed  that there is a significant positive relationship  between dimensions of family function  and social networks use. Meanwhile stepwise regression analysis  showed  that the roles and relationship variables predicted  1/43 percent of the variance related to the use of social networks.Family function provides the amount of social networks use and there is a positive relationship between the family function  and the use of social networks in students.

This study aimed to investigate the impact of mental imagery combined with physical practice on acquisition and retention of boy students' three steps basketball skills. Using randomly multi stage cluster sampling method 40 boy students from junior high school in Borojen selected and located in experimental and control groups. The subjects in Experimental group first imagined three steps basketball skills in his mind, and then a practical illustration practiced. The control group subjects only physical skills practiced. The practical sessions contained 3 hours in a week for 8-weeks. Research Instrument included the revised version of Hall and Martin's (1997) imagery motion questionnaire. Using analysis of variance with repeated measures and covariance analysis, data were analyzed. . Results indicated that combined method was effective than only physical exercise practices. According to the results, the physical education professionals recommend for enhancing the performance of athletes in different sports uses the method that does not need any expenses and possibilities.

The aim of this study was to empirically investigate the effect of death-awareness on state mindfulness and state integrative self-knowledge. For existentialists, confrontation with the fact of one’s personal death and tolerance of its inevitable anxiety is the most fundamental conflict of human beings. If such confrontation occurs, it leads to enhancement of one’s self-awareness. Empirical testing of this existential assumption in a sample of multiple sclerosis patients as well as a sample of non-patients was the target of the study. Being plagued by such a disabling chronic disease was considered to be a boundary situation in which people are prone to existential suffering and probably better candidates for existential interventions. In this pseudo-experimental study, 32 female patients with MS and 34 female non-patients were chosen by accessibility method of sampling and were assigned to four groups: patient experimental group, patient control group, non-patient experimental group, and non-patient control group. Then in the experimental groups, an intervention supposed to induce death-awareness in participants was held in contrast to control groups whose intervention was not related to death. State mindfulness and state integrative self-knowledge were measured before and after intervention by State Mindfulness Scale (Brown & Ryan) and State Integrative Self-knowledge Scale (Ghorbani) respectively. The results of multivariate analysis of co-variance (MANCOVA) showed no significant difference between the groups. These findings may challenge terror management theory (TMT). Explanatory hypotheses and their theoretical implications are discussed.

Representation of God in individuals is based on their experience and feeling with deity and is acquired during individual’s encounter with sacred- relate objects; this construct has been investigated in the field of religion and spirituality. The aim of the current study was to prediction of behavioral symptoms from representation of God in Tehran Medical Sciences University. To accomplish the stated goal 195 students were selected by means of proportional sampling procedure. The Image of God Inventory (Lawrence, 1997) and Symptom Checklist90-R (Deragotis et al.,1973) were administered on them. Analysis of data using a multiple regression analysis revealed that the magnitude of behavioral symptoms can be predicted from the quality of student's representation of God. Moreover, data revealed that students who had a positive and accepting representation of God were lower in behavioral symptoms. Theroretical implications of the findings in treatment of mental disorders are reported in the paper.

This study was conducted to examine the relationship between self-efficacy and resilience with quality of life in mothers of mentally retarded children. The study was correlational. The sample consisted of 338 mothers that were selected randomly using cluster sampling method and Cochran formula. In this study, correlation and regression methods were used. Efficacy scale Chsny et al. (2006), Resiliency Klahnn (1996), and the World Health Organization Quality of Life (1998), were used. The results showed that there is a significant and direct correlation between the efficacy variable and quality of life and its components except environmental health factor. Also, there is a direct and significant correlation between resilience and quality of life and its components except environmental health factor. The results of regression study showed that self-efficacy and resilience significantly predicted quality of life. The obtained results showed that quality of life has direct relationship with self-efficacy and resiliency and these variables could have a great impact on quality of life of mothers.