مجله پژوهش های کاربردی روانشناختی
سال نهم شماره 1 (بهار 1397)

Personality plays an important role in marital relationship. Narcissism, due to its self-centered approach, lack of empathy and violence, prevents intimate relationships. Treating narcissistic personality successfully is possible but requires a thorough understanding of the pathology and appropriate clinical procedures. Metacognitive Interpersonal Therapy (MIT) adopts manualized step-by-step procedures aimed at progressively decreasing narcissistic processes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of interpersonal metacognitive therapy on marital quality of narcissistic man. Due to the depth of personality problems and longtime treatment the research was done in case study method. The subject was a 28 years old man that was diagnosed with narcissism and marital problems by using a clinical interview and the Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI-40). Metacognitive interpersonal therapy lasted twenty-one sessions during a year. The result of treatment was not the same in aspects of marital quality for man and woman and Cultural issues also played an important role in the treatment process. But in general, the treatment promoted the marital quality of man and his wife

The aim of present study was to evaluate the possible role of dominant defense styles in predicting somatization symptoms and general health. 253 university in students, including 149 female and 104 male, were studied with Defense Style Questionnaire (Andrews, 1993), Symptoms of Somatization (Rief and Hiller, 1998), and General Health Questionnaire (Goldberg, 1979). The results showed that defense mechanisms act as a predictor of somatization symptoms and general health. Mature defense styles negatively predicted somatization and positively predicted general health. Immature defenses were positive predictor of somatization and neurotic styles were negative predictor of general health. Moreover, autistic fantasy, acting out, isolation, and undoing defenses, specifically and positively predicted somatization symptoms. The results are an evidence for the possible role of defense styles in an inducing and a relapsing of psychosomatic disorders. Psychotherapies can reduce somatization and improve general health by focusing on the defense styles which have an important role in.

This study aimed to study the effect of mindfulness on positive and negative emotions and emotion complexity in experiment and control groups. Emotion complexity is defined as negative and positive correlation. The study at hand is an experimental one. The population was the male students of university of Zanjan in 2016-2017. 40 participants were selected with on-hand randomized sampling, from which twenty were placed in the experimental group and 20 other in the control group. After 8 times measurement, the experiment group received mindfulness training but the control group didn’t receive any. The research instrument was positive and negative emotion scale (PANAS) designed by Watson and Telgon. The study was conducted electronically, the participants were asked to fill the scale at intervals of 48 hours and between 19 to 21 o`clock and send it to the researcher. Data were analyzed with Repeated Measurement, Multivariable Analyze of Variance (MANOVA) and Ttest. Results indicated that mindfulness increased positive emotion and emotion complexity whereas it decreased the negative emotion. Based on these results it can be said that mindfulness plays an important role in people`s emotions in life.

The aim of this study was to compare temperament and character dimensions according to the Cloninger’s seven-factor model of personality in cigarette smokers and non-smokers. The research was causal-comparative and statistical population consisted of male college students of Tehran University, from which two-hundred persons were selected purpose. The research tools were Nicotine Dependence Syndrome Scale (NDSS; Shiffman et al, 2004) and the short form of Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI-56)(1994). The data were analyzed using Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and logistic regression by means of version 22 of SPSS.  The results showed the significant difference between two groups in only two factors of temperament and character of subjects: Novelty-Seeking (NS) and Self-Directedness (SD) (p<0/001). In other words, non-smokers earned more scores in novelty-seeking and smokers earned more scores in directedness.  Further studies are required to confirm these results on larger sample including both genders.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between self-regulated, self-efficacy with  procrastination, and compare disabilities students and normal students in structural model of this relationship. For this reason 300 students (150 disabilities students, 150 normal students) were chosen randomly (2, 6, 13, 18) and completed a questionnaire with 3 sub scales self-efficacy (Middelton, Midgly, 1997) self-regulation of Miller et al (1996), and procrastination of  Solomon and Ratblvm (1984). The results indicated that  there is difference between  disabilities students and normal students in structural model and both of them are not parallel and Training courses to enhance students' self-efficacy and self-regulated with learning disabilities to reduce their procrastination is usefull.

This study aimed to analyze the full-time grouping approach in Estedad Derakhshan schools. For this purpose, the qualitative method was used. The population included graduates, parents, educators, managers and specialist of G/Tstudents. The sample consisted of 48 people selected with purposive sampling, who were deeply interviewed. After saturation of opinions, for analyzing data, statements were extracted, coded, composed and categorized. The findings included 13 categories: incomplete impression of the concept of G/Tstudent, incomplete G/Tstudent identification, damage of Full-time grouping method, the challenge of G/T position separation in education structure, low alignment with educational justice, lack of attention to instructive programs, mismatch of curriculum with G/T individual characteristics, parents' impossible expectation, educational management defects, the shortage of professional teachers, mutual excessive expectations of society and G/Tstudent, low attention after graduation and the absence of retention schedule for G/Tstudent. Based on the findings, which are divided to four categories: Theories about Giftedness, performance approach, internal and external organizational factors of education, it follows that the implementation of full-time grouping should be minimized and comprehensive planning must be done to eliminate the educational defects of G/Tstudents.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between power resources of managers and personality traits of entrepreneurship in government departments of West Azarbaijan province.The statistical sample was firstly selected as cluster and then Relative stratified from the statistical population. In order to collect data Hinkin and Schrieshiem (1989) power sources questionnaire and entrepreneurial personality characteristics questionnaire have been used. The validity and reliability of the questionnaires were confirmed by tests. Due to the normality of the data, analysis was performed using Pearson correlation test and Simultaneous multiple regression simultaneously. The results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between the source of legitimate power and personality traits of entrepreneurship of employees (except for self-esteem and risk-taking) and between sources of reward power, Referent and expert of managers with personality traits of entrepreneurship of employees (except for self-esteem). However, there is not any relationship between coercive power and employees’ entrepreneurial. The findings also showed that referent power and expert power have a positive and significant impact on predicting entrepreneurship personality characteristics of the employees of the governmental offices.

The purpose of Study was  the Effectiveness of Mindfulness on Attention in Attention Deficit/ Hyperactive Disorder children. The design of the study was quasi–experimental, and of pretest- posttest with control group .The statistical population comprised between 9-12 children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) The research sample consisted of 30 child  that were selected by the available sampling method and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Integrated visual and auditory ( IVA ) and Persian paper and pencil Cognitive Assessment Package( PCAP) scales were used. The experimental groups received  eight 90 minutes sessions of mindfulness  training each week while the control group received no specific intervention. After 8 weeks The results indicate that mindfulness training on Attention of children with ADHD was effective and children of experimental group Showed significant increasing in visual and auditory attention and response control increased significantly.

The aim of the present study was to Psychometric Properties the Reynolds Intellectual Assessment Scales, Second Edition in students of Tehran's Sampad School in the academic year of 2017-2018, which provided a standard tool for measuring gifted children and adolescents. after the adaptation process and psychometric analyzes in the context of the Pilot version with a sample size of 30 students, a review was carried out and a Try-Out Edition version was developed. The analyzes related to the index of difficulty, clean index and other psychometric properties were carried out with a sample size of 120 students and resulted in the development of a standard version. In line with the standardization process with a sample size of 704,it was found that all questions had a suitable difficulty index and they were identified by Cronbach's alpha in terms of internal consistency coefficient and test-retest method based on stability coefficient. The coefficients of credit are more than 80%, and the tool has internal consistency and stability. Also, according to the criteria of the new version of the Tehran-Stanford-Binet Investigations Exploration, it was determined that the instrument has a criterion validity Using the recommended psychometric properties and executive capabilities in a short time, the scale can be used to measure the intelligence profile of gifted students.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Transcranial direct current stimulation on Imagery ability in students. By semi-experimental method sixty students was selected from physical education students of University of Tehran and by at available sampling method and assigned into four groups: sham (control) and anodal (tests) (each of 15) for P4 and F4 point. Then, Participants were asked to perform MIQ-3 before and after transcranial direct current stimulus. Data analyze showed that there is a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test of all variables and it was revealed that there is a significant difference between the two groups of anodal and sham in both P4 and F4 points in motor Imagery and internal Imagery. In examining the difference between the two points, P4 and F4, there was no significant difference between the two points for the effectiveness of the illustrative capability. Based on the findings of the present study, it is suggested that tDCS at one of the P4 or F4 points should be used as a strategy to improve and enhance the ability of internal mental imagery in athletes as well as patients for rehab.