مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایلام
سال بیست و هشتم شماره 1 (پیاپی 120، فروردین 1399)

Aging is associated with several health threats, including poor sleep quality which is one of the most common problems among elderly people. Sleep problems are prevalent in hospitalized elderly patients, out of which one can name having trouble falling asleep or waking up frequently during the night. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the sleep quality of elderly patients with coronary artery disease admitted to Imam Ali Hospital, Kermanshah, Iran, during 2018.

This cross-sectional study was conducted on 200 elderly people with coronary artery disease. The sampling was performed using a continuous method. After data collection, the data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 25). A p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

The mean±SD age of the elderly was 68.87±7.83 years. Regarding the sleep quality, the majority of the elderly (75.5%) had poor sleep quality. Moreover, sleep quality had no significant correlation with age, gender, marital status, educational level, and occupational status.

Based on the results of this study, the sleep quality of the majority of the elderly was poor. Moreover, sleep quality was not significantly correlated with demographic characteristics. Therefore, health policy makers should consider necessary interventions in education regarding the importance of sleeping for the elderly and their families.

Osteoarthritis is a common and painful joint disease with unknown etiology. Interleukin 10 (IL-10) and Alfa tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) are considered as the main factors regulating inflammation and pathology of knee osteoarthritis. This study aimed to investigate the effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and aerobic training on inflammatory biomarkers (IL-10, TNF- α) in the heart tissue of osteoarthritis rats.

 This experimental study included 42 male rats that were divided into two groups of osteoarthritis (n=35) and healthy control (n=7). Osteoarthritis was induced in rats by surgery. Subsequently, the rat models of osteoarthritis were randomly divided into five subgroups of seven per group, including control, saline, stem cell, aerobic training, and aerobic training+stem cell. The aerobic training program began with the speed of 15 m/min for 25 min five days a week for eight weeks. Moreover, the speed was increased to 22 m/min for 64 min in the eighth week. Inflammatory biomarkers, including TNF-α and IL-10 cytokines in the heart tissue of rats were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance and Tukey post hoc test.

The TNF-α concentration was significantly higher in saline and unhealthy control groups, compared to other groups, and IL-10 concentration was significantly lower in saline and unhealthy control groups, compared to other groups (P<0.001). Moreover, aerobic training and stem cell, in combination or alone, caused a significant increase in IL-10 concentration and a significant decrease in TNF-α concentration (P<0.001).

Osteoarthritis caused an increase in heart cell inflammation. Although stem cells have anti-inflammatory effects, they will be more effective when used in combination with aerobic training.

Anxiety disorders can cause many problems for children. Therefore, it is necessary to find ways to promote their anxiety reduction.  This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of coping cat program (CCP) on symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder and social phobia in children with anxiety disorders.

This experimental study was conducted based on a pretest-posttest design with a control group. Statistical population consisted of all male and female students aged 8 to 11 years with anxiety disorders in Bandar Abbas, Iran during 2019. This study included 32 children who were selected through a random cluster sampling method and were divided randomly into two groups of experimental and control. The experimental group was subjected to 16 sessions of CCP. The data were collected using the Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale (SCAS) and analyzed by the Analysis of Variance and Analysis of Covariance.

The results showed significant difference between the control and experimental groups after the intervention. Moreover, the CCP had a significant effect on improving the generalized anxiety (F=52.03, P<0.05) and social phobia (F=78.20, P<0.05) in the experimental group.

According to the findings, CCP is an effective way to improve children's anxiety disorders and can have many practical implications.

Student academic failure is one of the shortcomings of higher education system. A system with the ability to predict and prevent the academic failure can play a decisive role in enhancing the quality of education. The utilization of educational data mining is one of the most effective strategies in monitoring and improving the quality of education. This study aimed to compare different data mining techniques in order to determine the best prediction model.

The study population consists of all undergraduate students studying Medical Laboratory Sciences, Health Information Technology Management, and Radiation Sciences Technology in Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran in the academic year of 2018-2019. In total, 500 were selected to participate in this study. After administering and excluding the invalid questionnaires, 153, 85, and 73 questionnaires from the students of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Health Information Technology Management, and Radiation Sciences Technology were analyzed, respectively. The data were collected using students' academic failure questionnaire with a reliability Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.971 and confirmed content validity by experts. Furthermore, the data were analyzed in SPSS (version 16), SmartPLS 3, and SPSS-Modeler (Clementine) (version 18) software through logistic regression, decision tree, neural network, Bayesian network, and the support vector machine algorithms.

The results showed a significant difference among the majors in terms of the level of academic failure (P=0.046). Regarding the Medical Laboratory Sciences, the descending order of the accuracy of the data prediction model using each algorithm includes decision tree and Bayesian network, support vector machine, neural network, and logistic regression. In addition, considering the Health Information Technology Management and Radiation Sciences Technology, the best prediction models were Bayesian Network, Support Vector Machine, Neural Network, and logistic regression in a descending order. It is worth mentioning that the decision tree algorithm had no answer. Furthermore, the Chi-square test showed a statistically significant difference among the students of Medical Laboratory Sciences (0.88), Health Information Technology Management (0.001), and Radiation Science Technology (0.000) regarding the obtained algorithms.

The results indicated that the logistic regression model had less predictive power in real data, compared to the network models. Therefore, the appropriate data prediction algorithm must be explored in any dataset. Predictive algorithms are well capable to predict academic failure in all three majors at the departments of allied medical sciences. Moreover, it can be used for medical and allied medical science students to identify students at the risk of failing to take preventive measures.

Ovarian cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers among women. According to several reports micro RNA-499 is involved in the development of ovarian carcinoma. The presence of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in miRNA sequences can also affect the risk of cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between SNP mir-499 rs3746444 and the ovarian cancer in the Iranian female population.

In this case-control study, peripheral blood samples were taken from 35 patients with ovarian cancer referred to Imam Khomeini Hospital and Cancer Institute and 35 healthy individuals. Subsequently, the DNA was extracted, and the polymorphism was investigated using Arms- polymerase chain reaction method. The data was analyzed in SPSS software.

The results of investigating SNP rs3746444 mir-499 between the two groups of patients and control indicated that the genotype frequencies of AA, AG, and GG were % 2.9, % 51.4, and % 45.7 in the patients and %14.3, % 45.7, and % 40 in the controls, respectively.

According to the results of the study, there was no significant difference between the healthy and patient samples regarding the frequencies of genotypes ([χ2 (1, 70) =0.23, P=0.63]); however, according to odds ratio, the risk of developing ovarian cancer is higher in the GG genotype (Odds Ratio=1.26, 95% CI: 0.49-3.26).

Regarding to the importance of educational interventions to increase the preventive behaviors of urinary tract infection in children, this study was conducted aimed to investigate the effect of home care education to parents according to the HBM, on recurrence of urinary tract infection in children.

In this quasi-experimental study with a pre and post design, 120 children with UTI who were hospitalized in the pediatric department of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Boroujerd from 23/9/2017 to 23/12/2017 with their parents were selected by simple sampling method and assigned to control and case groups by random block method. The parents of the experimental group received the educational intervention.The data collection tool was questionnaire designed based on health belief model than distributed before and one month after educational intervention. Urin culture was also performed to determine the recurrence. Data were analyzed by SPSS 21 software, multivariate analysis, independent T-test, paired T-test, Chi-square and two-ratio comparison tests.

education reduced the recurrence of UTI in children) P˂0.001). Also, the mean scores of the whole dimensions of the model increased after training in the two groups (P˂0.001). While the difference in mean scores after training in the two groups was significant only in the dimensions of perceived threat (in the case group 3.84±1.21, in the control group 3.03±1.07) (P=0.039), benefits (in the case group 18.78±3.14, in the control group 20.1±2.8) (P=0.019), behavior (in the case group 30.81±3.77, in the control group 30.16±3.47) (P<0.001), and self-efficacy (in the case group 29.53±3.49, in the control group 25.2±3.07)(P<0.001).

According to the effectiveness of home-based caring education based on the HBM to parents of children with UTI,on reducing the recurrence of UTI in children, it is better to before of children discharge with urinary tract infection from the hospital, Providing parenting education about the principles of child care, in order to prevent recurrence of UTI.

Parental interactions with children with oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) can cause problems in their relationship with these children and increase the severity of the disorder symptoms. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of Positive Parenting Program Training (Triple-P) and Acceptance and Commitment based Parenting Training (ACT) on mothers' aggression and symptoms of ODD in children.

This semi-experimental study was conducted based on a pretest, posttest, and follow up design with two experimental and one control groups. Statistical population of this study consisted of all mothers of elementary students in grades 1st, 2nd, and 3rd with ODD in Shahrekord, Iran, during 2018. In total, 45 mothers were selected through a purposive sampling method and were divided into two groups of Triple-P and ACT, as well as one control group. The data were collected using Oppositional Defiant Disorder Rating Scale and Aggression Questionnair. Moreover, the data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 22) through one-way analysis of covariance and Bonferroni post hoc test.

The results showed a significant difference between the two experimental groups and the control group in the post-test (F=27.40, P<0.05) and follow up (F=7.42, P<0.05) regarding the mothers' aggression and also in the post-test (F=47.64, P<0.05) and follow up (F=33.88, P<0.05) regarding disorder symptoms. Moreover, the results showed no significant difference between Triple-P and ACT in other stages, except for mothers' aggression in the post-test.

According to the findings, Triple-P and ACT can be effective in reducing the mothers' problems and children with ODD.

The effect of exercise on skeletal muscle-derived factors and their effects on the body's metabolism has recently been the focus of attention. This study aimed to investigate the effect of endurance training on the gene expression of the muscle Fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 and CTRP15 levels in the male rats.

This experimental study included 16 male adult Wistar rats with 8 weeks of age and mean weight of 213±15 gr. The rats were divided into two groups of endurance training (n=8) and control (n=8). The rats in the training group had 4-week endurance training sessions (5 sessions per week) including running on a treadmill for rodents for 45 min at the head of a certain time during the day and at the same time. On the other hand, the control group had no exercise. Initially, the Soleus muscle was homogenized and the expression of Fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 and CTRP15genes were measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis. Subsequently, Irisin and insulin levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and glucose levels were assessed by glucose oxidase. The data were analyzed by independent t-test and a p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

The results of this study showed a significant difference between the training and control groups regarding the expression of Fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 and CTRP15 gene in muscle after the endurance exercise (P=0.034 and P=0.048). In addition, the training group had higher Irisin serum level, compared to the control group (P=0.029). Although, insulin resistance obtained a 25% difference after four weeks of endurance training, it was not significant (P=0.500).

According to the results of the present study, it seems that mid-term endurance training can improve metabolism by increasing the levels of myokines.

Suicide as a major health problem is considred as a social problem worldwide. The role of social factors in suicide is more important than that of other factors. Suicidal behaviors and suicide attempts are usually higher in the societies where values, norms, and social laws are poorly intergrated. This study aimed to investigate the association between some social factors (i.e., social anomie, social support, social participation, and social trust) and suicidal behaviors in Ilam, Iran, during 2018.

The population of this cross-sectional study included all residents over 15 years of age in Ilam province, Iran. The sample size was obtained at 515 cases who were selected based on a multi-stage random sampling method. The data were collcetd using the Suicide Behavior Questionnaire-Revised to measure the suicidal behaviors. Moreover, the data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 16) through t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson correlation, and multivariate linear regression analysis.

The mean age of the particpinats was 34.17±3.26 years, of which 271 (52.9%) cases were male. Moreover, 16.2% of the subjects showed the risk of suicidal behavior (n=82).The mean score of the suicidal behavior was obtained at 5.41±3.01. Based on the regression model, variables, such as age (P=0.03), gender (P=0.02), marital status (P=0.02), occupational status (P=0.01), place of residence (P=0.02), social anomie (P=0.04), social cohesion (P=0.03), social support (P=0.02), social participation (P=0.01), interpersonal social trust (P=0.02), and economic security (P=0.01) explained suicidal behaviors.

According to the results, socioeconomic status led to a decrease in social capital and social support which resulted in an increase in suicidal behaviors. Therefore, any management planning and action to reduce economic and social gaps as well as providing economic security in the community can improve other determinants of suicidal behaviors.

Today, organizations need employees who have high levels of energy and psychological capacity to identify and use resources and promote positivism in the organizations. The weakness of traditional management approaches in understanding the exact motivation of employees and improving their performance, given the internal environment of organizations, requires a new approach based on intrinsic motivation and self-management, which is called work-oriented positivism.

In this regard, the present study aimed to design a positive-oriented organizational behavior model in government organizations with an emphasis on Iranian Islamic values. Also, the reliability of the modle questionnaire based on Cronbach's alpha test was confirmed. This research is a descriptive-correlational and basic study in terms of purpose.

Data analysis of the study was performed using SPSS software which was expressed using different tests such as T-test, correlation coefficient and analysis of the relationship between variables. In order to prioritize and determine the importance of each component of the research, the software expert choice was used, which performs the prioritization work based on the hierarchical analysis process method.

Based on the findings, the priority of the components of each of the research variables was expressed and when comparing the dimensions of the proposed conceptual model with the components of Lutans' positive positivist organizational behavior model, it can be said that the proposed model is in accordance with other components of Islamic values, ​​ which were approved by experts under the title of Islamic Organizational Positive Behavioral Organizational Behavior.