فصلنامه مطالعات راهبردی سیاستگذاری عمومی
پیاپی 33 (زمستان 1398)

Despite the strong and deep relation between the security environment and foreign and security policymaking, there is no specific and properly defined methodological framework to explain the relation between them. Therefore, this study has made an effort to suggest a properly defined methodological framework for understanding security environments and their relation with foreign and security policymaking while proposing an analytical model regarding the issue by addressing this question, "What is the relation between one player's security environments and its foreign and security policymaking?"The hypothesis which has been investigated in this study is that the security environment of a player is the input of its system of foreign and security policymaking. This input is processed in the process of environmental understanding and perception of security environment data by the decision-making leaders, and its output is manifested in the form of well-known actions and decisions such as doctrine, policy, strategy, and approaches regarding foreign and security policy. A descriptive-analytical method has been adopted to analyze the aforementioned hypothesis.Key Words: security, environment, security environment, security system, foreign and security policymaking

The policy of confrontation between the Zionist regime and the Islamic Republic of Iran has always been pursued by both sides. However, in explaining the mutual strategies of the two sides, regardless of the historical course and conditions of each period, overgeneralization and even slogan dimensions have been given priority. Considering the necessity of a comprehensive cognizance of the strategies of this regime, especially considering the course of developments in the foreign arena such as JCPOA and the importance of using the strengths and weaknesses of these strategies in the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran, this paper raises the question of what strategy or strategies the Zionist regime has adopted against the Islamic Republic of Iran since the inception of the revolution, and in return, what strategies has Iran followed? The hypothesis of the paper is that the Zionist regime has so far pursued its policies in the form of four strategies, ranging from efforts to seek cooperation to active militancy. The Islamic Republic of Iran, on the other hand, has adopted two specific strategies to counter this regime.

The fundamental essential for success and sustainability of social systems toward the progress is principle of meritocracy. Moreover, the ever-increasing development of societies, beside governments efforts to increase the quality and efficiency of public sector services and to improve the leadership of government agencies have turned governments' attention to the importance of training and employing competent leaders and administrators more than ever. Therefore, designing a competency model for top public administrators is a fundamental priority for governments. Considering the importance of this issue, the present study, focused on the design of a competency model for top public administrators and since literature analysis is an important step to draw up a comprehensive picture of it, the researcher decided to analyze them through meta-synthesis. In this study, at the first step, through a deep search in literature, gained 151 references; which in a refinement reduced to 82 one’s. Then, 680 codes were extracted which through analysis and conclusion deducted to 63 sub-concepts, 9 concepts and 3 categories as follows: individual competencies (intrinsic, value, attitudinal-behavioural, and occupational), scientific competencies and skill competencies (managing, cognitive, interactive, leading and political).

Bunkering or ship sweeping involves a vast network of organizations and business interactions, with many Bunkering benefits that have encouraged different countries to develop the industry. This paper tries to analyze and analyze the Bunkering industry in view of the importance and profitability of this field and provide a model for its development by emphasizing actors in this field. The research approach is qualitatively exploratory and semi-structured interviewing tool with 16 experts of this industry. Sampling is purposeful and based on theoretical principle of saturation, and for data analysis, thematic analysis has been used. Finally, the model was developed in four main steps of investment, providing supportive facilities, appropriate banking operations and subsidiary services, as well as regulatory and control measures, each of which has specific actors and corresponding relationships. Proposed solutions are also proposed in the form of two pillars of policy proposals and operational proposals. Policy proposals are enormous, the Islamic Consultative Assembly, the government and some other policy issues. Operational offers are also proposed by the Ministry of Petroleum and its affiliated organizations, the Ports and Maritime Organization of Iran, the Central Bank, the Customs Organization, private banking companies, the Bunkering Industry Association of Iran, and the Independent Task Force on Bunkering Industry.

Space is a social thing that is produced and redeveloped in each period according to the requirements of time, social, political and economic conditions. In this regard, today, social dimensions of urban space are more than ever considered by planners, and the revival of civil life, the socialization of urban space, is one of the most important necessities for achieving humanitarian urbanization. In this regard, the present research has focused on the desirability of urban space, with an emphasis on increasing people's interconnectedness - space in the informal settlements of Zanjan. Given the scope of the subject and the dimensions of the problem, the type of research is exploratory-analytic and based on the approach of future studies. The results of the research showed that in the study area, the social index has the highest utility in the link between people and space. Subsequently, environmental indicators with scores (t = 0.251), bodies with scores (t = 0.192), and economics with scores (t = 0.386) are in the next ranks. This procedure shows that in this range of social conditions, better people's dissatisfaction with the weakness of urban management in services and the weakness of economic and physical infrastructure.

Elimination of poverty and social justice in Iran is more important than other countries in terms of explicit religious and legal orders. Since 1979, many civil welfare institutions have been established to the community to work towards welfare and distribution of public services. One of the most important of these institutions is the Imam Khomeini relief committee. The present study aims to investigate the distribution and dispersion of households covered by the Relief Committee at 421 cities of the country and their correlation with economic factors (unemployment and household size) and social factors (rural and literacy rates). The research data were extracted from the statistical journal of 2016 and the public census of 2017. To analyze the data, the Hot Spots method and the local and global statistics Moran’s I and LISA are used as ESDA approaches. Findings of the research indicate that most households that were covered by the Relief Committee were dispersed in the east, south, and southwest of the country. Also, the findings of the Moran’s Index showed that households covered by the Relief Committee across the country was distributed in cluster bundles. The spatial distribution of households covered by the Relief Committee and their spatial correlation with economic factors (unemployment and household size) and social factors (rural and literacy rate) in the counties do not follow a specific pattern, but each region according to local-regional requirements, accepts a particular pattern of correlation.

International scientific cooperation in the process of internationalization of universities is considered as an important and influential factor. In this paper, the trend of the movement of scientific production of industrial engineering in the world and Iran, with emphasis on international scientific cooperation, has been analyzed and then its competitiveness has been analyzed. The basis of this research is to study the number of 148240 scientific articles of industrial engineering published in 55 international journals and to analyze 3424 articles produced by Iranian researchers over the past 50 years by survey-descriptive method. Iindustrial engineering products in the last decade have been leaky, with more than 52% of total production occurring in this decade, and 48% of the total production is in the United States, China and the United Kingdom. International participation in the dissemination of scientific production of Iranian industrial engineering with other countries is 26.3%, so that the average citation for these products is higher than that of Iranian researchers alone, and Iran most cooperates quantitatively with countries such as the USA, Canada, England and Australia, also seen in the international scientific cooperation network that the power of international scientific cooperation; the United States, Britain, Australia and Germany with Iran are stronger than other countries and in terms of quality of cooperation International science, Iran's cooperation with countries; England, America, Canada and Malaysia Have higher bouts. Finally, the location quotient of industrial engineering in Iran, it was determined that the quantitative and qualitative indices have relatively high comparative advantage.

Consider a voter who is willing to vote for one candidate among the other two or more nominees. In this sense, the important question that might be raised by researchers is that what is the rationale behind the voters’ decision and which candidate is their possible choice. For the sake of understanding the basic tenet of citizens’ voting behavior in Isfahan, three main voting models have been evaluated including Columbia School, Michigan Model. According to the present findings, the dominant pattern of citizens’ voting behavior in the fifth Election of City Councils of Isfahan was confirmed based on Michigan Model in which the IPP index (The Index of Political Predisposition i.e. social class and urban area of residence) influences voting behavior through an important variable called “Party-factional identity.” The present sociological study aimed to investigate the citizens’ voting behavior in Isfahan based on a causal-analytic approach. Moreover, the Boolean algebra technique is used in comparative analysis. As the results of Boolean analysis showed, it can be claimed that the citizens who mostly voted for reformists were the residents of the most developed urban areas of Isfahan including 5,1,3,13,6,4, and 8 that have the highest levels of education, income and cultural infrastructure.

The study of the causes and factors of underdevelopment in the period between 1941 and 1953 has been considered by some scholars, but most of them have contemplated the lack of development from the morphology of political power and foreign intervention but in the present study, it has been tried to address the effects of deficiencies and inefficiencies of political culture on the underdevelopment in the first decade after Reza Shah to the coup d'état of August 28, 1953.This investigation with the descriptive- analytical approach is trying to make this question that, What is the effect of political culture on the instability of Iran's political development from the occupation of Iran up to the August 28 coup?This research is based on the presumption that Iranians selfishness, reluctance to the group working, having the culture of subordination, law-breaking, heroism, the cult of personality, violence, opportunism and finally conspiracy illusion are some obstacles of the political developments during 1941- 1953 ; and this factors in historical studies for instability of political development in a given period have always been neglected. Based on the findings of the research, if the political culture of the people and the ruling elites in Iran during this period had a democratic mechanism, and instead of the destructive and retarded elements, it contained more rational and more civilized elements; the political development at this stage would allow for greater durability and deepening Found.

Road accidents are a major public health problem and a political priority for any country around the world. In Iran, road injuries play a more prominent role, and among the countries with the worst road insecurity (red status), it is among the top five countries in the world. Statistics show that Iran's population is about one percent of the world's population,But the percentage of road casualties in Iran is 2% of global casualties and one a half global average In Iran, for road safety and accident reduction, given the experience of other countries and the challenges of unsafe road intensification in the future, we first need to formulate a scenario for the unsafe future of the road and then, considering factors such as the formation of a permanent council. Road safety can be very useful for monitoring and evaluating road safety.