نشریه مطالعات ملی
سال بیست و یکم شماره 3 (پیاپی 83، پاییز 1399)

Among myriads of factors in shaping Iranian identity, they regarded geography as an influential element in differentiating Iranians from other regions of the world. The Sassanid Politico-religious regime focused on geography and geographical identity and used it to their benefits since they had realized its role in uniting people and establishing the political system. In this regard, the name of "Iran" gained a conceptual and regional status and was reflected in the texts of the period. The Sassanid named their colonized regions "Iranshahr" and almost successfully tried to spread and confirm the concept in the society as well. In line with accomplishing such goal, they paid much attention to border affairs too. The increasing importance of the margrave position is a direct result of the same perspective. This article examines the geographical identity of the Sassanid era.

In this speech, it will be shown why and how the internal social conditions and foreign political situation forced Shah Abbas to combine two national and religious identities and create a single national-religious identity. In this regard, the story of Hossein Kord Shabestari, which is the most telling text on the political and social issues of the Safavid era, was selected as a case study and in this story, the political, cultural and social conditions of the Safavid era were examined. The role of this story in two important aspects of the Iranian identity in this era, namely nationality and religion, was also discussed. In order to achieve the above goals, the story of Hossein Kord, in four areas of constructing the concept of homeland, focusing on the name of Iran as a specific geographical area, religious border and local heroes, will be examined by content analysis. The results of this study show that Iran in the era of Shah Abbas, from a concept, has become a geographical reality with clear internal and external borders and the achievement of this geographical fact has led to the formation of a national-religious identity.

Identity is the esteem and credibility of a nation. Identity, formed from a set of Material and spiritual Belongings, and it plays a constructive role in social, economic, religious, national, and. different currents. National identity in the Islamic Republic is created from the element of Iranian and Islamic identity to preserve national interests, independence, freedom, social justice, power, and national security. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the components of Iranian-Islamic identity in the Intellectual system of the Supreme Leader in defending National beliefs and values against cultural aggression. In the present study, the method document analysis (content analysis) have used, which is a qualitative research method. The statistical population of the study all the statements of the Supreme Leader around Iranian identity and Islamic identity since, His Holiness's rule over the Islamic society. The results showed that in the statements of the Supreme Leader, the strategic index of Iranian identity with a frequency of 988 (57.9%), the aim index of Persian language and literature with 419 (42.4%) had the highest, and the cultural heritage with 99 (10%) the lowest frequency. The strategic index of Islamic identity with a Frequency of 719 (42.1%), the aim index of behavioral identity with 252 (35%) had the highest, and the belief identity with 91 (12.7) the lowest frequency.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the content of elementary school Persian textbooks (new editions 2019) based on national identity components. The content analysis method was used to achieve this aim. The statistical sample equaled the statistical population. A content analysis checklist was used as the research tool. The unit of analysis was sentence and image and the unit of measurement was frequency. The results of this study indicated that the rate of attention to national components in elementary school Persian textbooks was 29.87%. The component of national celebrities with 505 units was more frequent than other components. After that, national literature with 369 units, politics (the components of war, defense and resistance) with 364 units, national characteristics (the component of patriotism) and culture were of appropriate status. Other components that received less attention were Persian language, national mythology, flag, ethnicity, Iranian art, Iranian history and civilization, national anthem, ancient monuments, religion, geography and national natural sites. Moreover, the Persian textbook of the fifth grade with a frequency of 618 units and the textbook of the sixth grade with a frequency of 592 units were attempted to increase the nationalist spirit of the students more than other Persian textbooks. Finally, it was found that elementary school Persian textbooks, especially in the four components of national celebrities, national literature, politics and patriotism, have performed well, however, still due attention needs to be paid to the other components.

Images are the most important and fastest way to convey concepts and communicate with humans and they have always played a significant role in the design of Iranian coins from ancient times to the present. The main purpose of this article is to investigate the visual structure of Iranian coins minted after the revolution. The research method adopted in this paper is the content analysis research method. And Pierce's semiotics has been used to analyze images. The article studies the images on the front and back of 44 Iranian coins minted between 1979 and 2009. The article systematically, objectively and qualitatively examines video messages. Findings from research indicate a significant relationship between dominant Islamic transcendental thought and selection of images with the theme of national and religious issues and their artistic combination with plant, natural, mythological, array and architectural characteristics is in defining the face of Iranian coins. The important result is those coins, in addition to the value of the Rial as a symbolic economic capital, have a valuable definition in the form of value, as well as a symbolic cultural and social capital.

Urban is a social institution and itʹs identity not only a locational reality but also it is a reality with social, cultural, economical elements. They are formed by preserving the physical and architectural exclusive characteres, social accumulation and citizen lifestyle in the historic variation processes. Cities loss their readability and identity in changing and sprawl trends. This applied research, examined the effect of the urban spatial stractural changes and sprawl expansion on its identity in Sari. The research method is documentary and field studies, the processing and Structural analysis were performed by using smart pls software and the hypothesis of the effect of urban expantion and sprawl on the physical, functional, perceptual factors of identity was confirmed with regression coefficients -0.746, 0.798 and -0.722. The results showed that urban sprawl led to loss of the physical and preceptual factors of urban mental image landscape and urban historic tradition center and reduction of social cohesion. The result of this trend in sari converted Social walking city to the car-friendly sprawl citiy

After modernity found its way to Iran in the first Pahlavi period, the society suffered from duality between past and tradition on the one hand, and modernity and modernization on the other. The government was seeking to change the current situation and develop western modernity concepts. One of the manifestations of these transformations was the change of cities’ structure and the formation of a new identity in the cities of Iran, especially historical and important cities. Therefore, this study is trying to investigate the impact of the architecture of governmental and public buildings on transferring the new concepts in the identity of the city of Tabriz. In this article, first the concepts of tradition and modernity as well as its effect on the architecture of this period is being reviewed and then the impact of western architecture and ideology of the government is being investigated. The theoretical foundations of the study depend on the fact that social and historical phenomena affect architecture. The city of Tabriz has been chosen as a case study since it is an important and influential city in different periods of Iran’s history, and some of the buildings of this city belonging to the first Pahlavi period have been investigated. This is a qualitative study which uses descriptive-analytic method, and data collection tools are documentary and field-based. The result of the study shows that in the first Pahlavi period, despite modernization attempts in the city of Tabriz and the formation of buildings indicating a change of viewpoint from tradition to modernity, maintaining the context and historical values was also taken into consideration. The construction of important public and governmental buildings as well as the formation of valuable frames have had an important effect on the identity building of Tabriz in this period.

Ilam province has a 425 km common border with Iraq. Being the border of province and having the habitance of different tribes is due to the obvious commonality of its Shiite people, has caused the people living in it play an causeless role in creating lasting security at variouse times such as holy defense. The aim of this research is investigating the affecting factors of the convergence between two forntiersman folks of Arab and Kurd border groups on the range of feeling of lasting security. In this article, the researchist, try to identify the affecting factors of the convergence of these two nations and its effects on the sense of lasting security. The research method of this survey article is the statistical population of those cities in the southern part of Ilam province. The sampling method is cluster and the sample size is 500 people. According to the research findings, ethnic convergence has a direct impact on sustainable security and has the most effect on the dimensions of national security, human security and global security. Among the considered effecting factors influencing on the fortification of the convergence of these two ethnic groups, age and interference of foreigners in the two dimensions of usage and trust in cultural and news packages of foreign media, have an inverse effect on the degree of convergence of groups. Among the other declared factors that significantly affect the consolidation of ethnic groups are the variables of the influence of political elites, cultural asset, education, nationalism, religiosity, people's perception of the political, administrative and the background of extramarital marriage in relatives that have the most to the least effect on the convergence among the Arabs and Kurds inhabitant in Ilam province.