مجله کاربرد سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی و سنجش از دور در برنامه ریزی
سال یازدهم شماره 2 (پیاپی 40، تابستان 1399)

In this study, the aim is to investigate the ability of remote sensing and satellite images to study the spectral changes of wheat and diagnose diseases and its stress in the Moghan plain area in Parsabad city. Achieving such a capability can be useful in prediction of diseases and pests, as well as preventing its spread and timely use of fungicides and pesticides. In order to achieve this goal, the spectral properties of wheat and other plants are studied using IRS and Landsat 8 satellites. Wheat plant has different species in which Attila and Koohi wheat are mostly cultivated in this region, and in this study, their spectral behaviors are considered. In this study, 146 ground control points were used, the highest percentage of the region in terms of the degree of stress to grade 2 and the lowest to the healthy class. After applying atmospheric and geometric corrections on satellite images; Bond ratios were used to identify the best band composition and separability of healthy classes and stress levels one, two, and three. To achieve this goal, different vegetation indices were used. Among the indicators, the GNDVI index was the most efficient and was able to accurately estimate 81% of the areas. Also, GVI index has the highest value of kappa coefficient and overall accuracy with 0.94 and 95.3, respectively, which indicates the high use of this index in grading wheat stress. This index also gave the most area to the degree of stress one.

One of the sustainable development strategies is the development of tourism activities. Determining the tourism values and natural talents of the region along with proper planning can lead to the development of economic revenues through tourism. One of the most important solutions for utilizing natural and human resources and scientific exploitation, without harming the environment, is the optimal location of recreational and residential areas. Rudsar county due to its tourism location, natural and historical attractions are known as one of the most important places of tourism to satisfy these tourists to suit every class and class at any time of the year. Be sure to return to the city and reside in the hotel if the customers are satisfied. This research is a descriptive-analytical one and the method of data collection is library and field study. In this research, we try to locate tourist accommodation centers in Rudsar city using ANP-VIKOR model. The state-of-the-art ANP-VIKOR model is a hierarchical analysis process and a set of criteria used to compare interactions that may exist in the network. In the locating process, using hierarchical analysis, after determining hierarchical levels including purpose, criteria, sub-criteria and options, pairwise comparisons between sets are made for weighting. As well as weighting the collections, the compatibility analysis of the judgments is also performed. The proposed method deals with identifying variables, matrix formation, layer normalization, weighting of criteria and weighting of layers, determination of positive and negative ideal and calculation of hotel accommodation value. The results showed that the most important criterion of hotel location is the altitude and the least weight belongs to the power transfer criterion.

The urban environment has different effects on urban spaces and citizens 'lives, the most important of which is the increase in crime and the decrease in citizens' sense of security. The phenomenon of theft and urban insecurity is somehow related to the order and security of the country and due to the psychological and physical damage to the lost property, leads to insecurity in society. One of the strategies to prevent crime and consequently theft is to prevent crime through environmental design and attention to the geographical environment of crime. The purpose of this study was to investigate the environmental conditions in the occurrence of theft. The research method was descriptive-analytical based on library and field studies. Findings of the study emphasize the importance of the role of location in Shahroud in the amount and frequency of robbery. It shows that the role and effect of the body and physics of cities and the proper design of urban spaces and biological complexes have had a direct impact on crime reduction and prevention. Therefore, considering the relationship between defenseless spaces and the crime of theft, by reducing defenseless spaces and paying attention to the crime scene and proper design of the environment, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of some crimes.

CClimate-friendly architecture can be considered the closest structural design with a resilient economy approach in which, while human comfort and convenience by replacing clean and natural energy sources, a healthy environment with a high degree of comfort, saving energy consumption and consequently reducing Created dependency. Also, recognizing climate design methods and updating it can bring a favorable and appropriate environment in the residential space and in accordance with comfort indicators, extract appropriate architectural solutions and present it as the principles of climate design. In this article, the comfort climate of Semnan city has been analyzed using Mahani and Giuoni methods. For this purpose, the statistics of the Meteorological Organization in an 81-year period (from 0222 to 0282) were used. The purpose of this article is to study the climatic conditions of Semnan city using Mahani thermal comfort indices, and consequently Giuoni to study appropriate solutions and proposals in the field of architecture and energy compatible with the climate. In case of implementing the architectural rules obtained from the criteria for determining thermal comfort, the duration of using mechanical heating and cooling devices inside the buildings of Semnan city will be significantly reduced and in the direction of moving towards zero energy in the urban environment of dry and cold climate. will be.

Cloud computing is a networked computing model that provides a relatively new approach to storing, processing, and using information. A GIS is a structured set of hardware, software, and information that has been designed to create, store, update, process, analyze, and present a variety of geographic information. The combination of cloud computing and GIS improves efficiency and reduces costs in the process of implementing and executing these systems. The electricity distribution industry, with its smart grid approach, increasingly needs access to spatial information in a comprehensive and secure communication platform. In this article, while examining the necessity of creating GIS subsystems in electricity distribution companies, its advantages and disadvantages are expressed and a secure architecture is proposed to implement this solution. The proposed architecture is designed in four layers of user, application, configuration and infrastructure, and physical layer, and a management plane. On the management plane, security, compression and classification modules are provided. Given the importance of security in the GIS cloud for the power distribution industry, the focus of the article is on the security module and its components. Finally, the proposed architecture is analyzed and its advantages and disadvantages compared to other architectures are presented. The presence of a management plane with an independent security module that takes into account all the requirements of a standard security operations center is an architectural advantage presented in this article.

Iran and the Middle East are in the dry belt of the world. Due to climatic and geographical conditions, our country is prone to dust storms. Drought, insecurity and war, lack of vegetation, atmospheric instability in neighboring deserts and horizontal and vertical transfer of dust particles and its intensification due to intrusion and occupation The practice has had adverse effects on the ecosystem, health, health, production, transportation, tourism, increased pollution, increased migration, and the like. This research intends to use the method of collecting library information and using data, maps and spatial and geographical analysis to get a proper knowledge and picture of the geographical status of the fine dust phenomenon in terms of origin and direction of its creation. Then, using this information, to analyze the space and find the root of the internal and external origin of fine dust. Therefore, in this article, with a review and descriptive method, the route and the dust center are first examined outside the country, such as Iraq, Syria and the Arabian Peninsula, and then the Northeast region, Central Asia, Turkmenistan and southeast Pakistan using The map and related zoning were collected and then the internal origin in the main geographical directions of the dust and dust phenomenon from the interior of the country was studied. This phenomenon occurs throughout the year, but the frequency of occurrence and its negative effect and worse air quality It is more common in hot seasons, especially in summer and July and August. This is due to the frequent influx of dust from Iraq and the instability of the Hijaz desert climate, declining air humidity, drought, excessive use of water and natural resources, increasing temperature and speed and wind direction, and drying of wetlands and mismanagement. Various in economic, social, political, environmental dimensions. There is an institution and organization that mentions some of these consequences and strategies to deal with it from the research results.