نشریه پژوهش های نوین در تصمیم گیری
سال پنجم شماره 3 (پاییز 1399)

Increasing environmental pollution has caused global warming and consequently, it has endangered human health and animals. Hence, green concept has received much attention in recent studies. In this research, a multi-objective mathematical for a multi-level multi-product supply chain network is presented which aims to minimize the environmental impact and total costs of supply chain and maximize the customers' satisfaction level. On the other hand, due to the unspecified demands level, demand uncertainty has been considered in the problem with different scenarios. Regarding the complexity of the proposed mathematical model and difficulties in solving the problem with exact methods in large size, a NSGA II method has been proposed. Finally, the proposed NSGAII has shown as a reliable method to find efficient Pareto frontiers in a reasonable time. Therefore, it can be employed for solving large scale problems.

In this paper, a fuzzy goal single facility location problem under to asymmetric Linex loss function is discussed. The aim of this paper is to determine the location of a facility center in the ideal radius to each of the demand points. In general, such a response is not always available. Therefore, minimizing the error function obtained from the distance of facility center to the ideal point is desirable. As, in many real-life situations, positive error and negative error of the same size often have different economic and material implications, a asymmetric Linex loss function is used for the first time where distinguishes between positive and negative errors with the same distance. In this paper, first, this problem is first investigated in a definite manner and by proving a theorem it is shown that the problem has a feasible solution and the optimal solution of the problem lies in the expanded rectangular shell of the demand points. In the following, To determine the optimal solution of the problem, a gradient quasi-Weisfield algorithm is presented, and by proposing some theorems, it is shown that this algorithm is convergent to the optimal solution of the problem. Also, to confirm the accuracy of the results obtained from this method, the obtained results are compared with the metaheuristic colonial competition algorithm. Finally, for the first time, the problem is modeled in fuzzy mathematical mode, and using a three-objective genetic algorithm its answers are compared and analyzed with a definite model.

The importance of locating and fortifying hierarchical facilities in the face of sabotage operations has encouraged many researchers to make appropriate decisions. In this paper, a bi-level programming model has been introduced, which, considering the interdiction operations and failure of hierarchical facilities at two levels, selects appropriate strategies to locate and fortify them. Depending on available location resources, service demand, and the worst-case scenario of facility failure at both levels, the decisions as to the allocation, location, and fortification of existing facilities are determined. The concepts of capacity and budget have been used to bring the hierarchical system closer to reality. The model aims at minimizing the location cost as well as service distance between demand points and facilities at both levels. In the following, a number of numerical examples of the problem have been presented and solved with two-level combined approaches based on genetic and particle swarm algorithms for the first level and the exact method for the second level problem.

Performance-based budgeting is a planning and measurement system that emphasizes the relationship between objectives and performance results. Through this budgeting, different sectors have been responsible for strategic objectives based on performance indicators, and resources are allocated based on priorities and measurable and results. Given the growing role of this type of budgeting in the economy, banks, as economic and financial institutions, like other organizations, need to budget resources, evaluate performance and measure the achievement of their strategic goals. Therefore, the present study aims to develop a dynamic model of performance-based budgeting with a balanced scorecard approach to the comprehensive and balanced evaluation of the environmental and budgetary effects of a commercial bank. This research is descriptive research with a dynamic simulation approach based on the two main steps of implementing a balanced scorecard and dynamic simulation on a 20-year time horizon from 2011 to 2031. The results provide a dynamic model as a financial model of bank budgeting with the ability to apply any changes in deposit rates and facilities, revenues and expenses, and other external parameters on the bank along with simulating its consequences in the time horizon and Predicting possible performance. Based on this, the bank can formulate its performance-based budget according to strategic objectives and adjust it's budget and performance management by applying possible changes and controlling its consequences.

The aim of this study is to identify the role of brand Personification on stimulating the visitors' relationship with the brand of shopping Centers and malls.

The present qualitative study aims to identify the variables used to answer research questions based on the experiences and behaviors of people's daily lives, consider shopping centers & malls as a phenomenon and considering the lived experience of people with this phenomenon, the research support paradigm is phenomenology. The informants were selected from the professional clients of these centers with the snowball method. Data were collected using 16 semi-structured & in-depth interviews until data saturation was achieved. Qualitative data analysis was performed using content analysis at three levels, including open coding, sub-concepts extraction, and finally the acquisition of main concepts (Themes) with the help of MAXQDE software. Finding &

The results indicate that in the case of living personification, the use of celebrities and in the case of non-living personification the use of cartoon characters and among the five dimensions of brand personality, completeness and excitement was related to establish visitors' relationship with brand of shopping centers and malls. Research limitations: Lack of scientific background in the field of brand personification, especially in the field of location such as shopping centers & malls is one of the most important limitations of this research.

Multi-criteria decision making methods have been of the most popular and practical areas in recent years. Among these methods, the AHP method has been considered by many researchers due to its unique features and has been used in numerous studies. This method facilitates decision-making for the decision-maker by allowing pairwise comparison between alternatives using language expressions. But this feature causes inconsistency in the decision matrix. One of the sources of inconsistency is the use of a predetermined scale to convert linguistic variables into quantitative values due to the different intellectual background of experts and their information about the problem. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to provide a customized scale for converting linguistic variables using the granularization of linguistic variables, which is in line with expert opinions and reduces the inconsistency. The unique feature of this framework is that the distribution of cut-off points is not known in advance and is determined according to expert opinions. To optimize the proposed model, a particle swarm optimization metaheuristic algorithm is used, which is modified to adapt to the specific characteristics of the problem. The results show the good performance of the proposed framework in reducing incompatibility.

This paper aims to explain the strategic alignment of agile information systems and business in the telecom industry using a combined approach of fuzzy expert system and dynamic systems. In order to develop a dynamic model of alignment, the framework of dynamic capabilities, which is an effective theoretical and managerial framework in modern research of information systems and agility, was used. Information technology alignment is defined as the extent to which information technology goals and programs support and are supported by business goals and programs. After presenting the conceptual model, all the factors affecting the model were extracted using fuzzy Delphi technique and then the variables were entered into fuzzy expert system modeling. The results show that increasing the agility capabilities of information technology increases the agility capabilities of the business, which in turn increases the agility of the business strategy. As the strategic agility of the business improves, the strategy of the organization's information systems also becomes more agile and flexible. After designing the fuzzy expert system to determine the strategies of information systems in line with the business strategy, dynamic modeling was performed using Laplace transform functions and state space equations and the dynamic behavior of the model was investigated during the time which was also approved the results of fuzzy expert system.

Inventory managers at blood transfusion centers are always looking to create sufficient reserves to increase access to various blood products and reduce losses due to the expiration date of blood. Because timely, appropriate and sufficient response of its suppliers to consumers is considered very important and necessary due to the corruption of blood, the uncertainty of blood demand and the direct relationship of its presence or absence with human life. This requires full knowledge of the demand of the covered hospitals as base users and decision-making on how to meet their needs in the best possible way in order to minimize the shortages and losses in the network. Due to the importance of this issue, in this article, we have tried to design and implement an optimal model of how to respond to the demand of hospitals in the Mashhad blood transfusion network with the aim of reducing the cost of waste and blood shortages. In other words, the proposed model determines when the blood transfusion centers receive orders from their consumers, considering how to respond optimally to the orders, given the available inventory, which results in the least losses and blood shortages. Have. In order to validate the proposed model, statistical parameters such as mean relative absolute error, mean absolute error, constant R^2and mean square error were used.