نشریه اندیشه و رفتار در روان شناسی بالینی
پیاپی 56 (تابستان 1399)

Orgasm is a rapid sense of sexual pleasure peak that is usually accompanied by involuntary and rhythmic contractions of the pelvic, abdominal, and anal muscles. Female orgasm can be caused by sexual stimulation of different sexual and asexual parts. Women's ability to reach orgasm varies from not having an orgasm to having multiple orgasms. Orgasmic disorder in women is defined as the frequent and permanent delay or absence of orgasm following a natural stage of sexual arousal associated with stress and interpersonal problems. The aim of this study was to predict the symptoms of orgasmic disorder based on marital satisfaction, body image concern, guilt and sexual autonomy in married women. For this purpose, in a descriptive correlational study, 288 married women referring to cultural centers in Tehran were selected by available sampling method and in terms of sexual autonomy, female sexual function index, guilt feeling, marital satisfaction and concern about Body image were evaluated. The results of stepwise regression analysis showed that guilt feeling, marital satisfaction and body image concern are the best predictors of orgasmic symptoms in women, respectively. The results of this study support the relationship between guilt feeling, marital satisfaction and body image with orgasmic disorder syndrome.

Obsessive-compulsive is one of the most common disorders that often has a negative impact on psychological, social and occupational function with a chronic course. New research has shown the role of metacognitive structures in this disorder. The aim of this study was to predict the symptoms of Obsessive-compulsive with metacognition and delusional beliefs. For this purpose, during a descriptive correlational study, 202 students of Karaj Azad University were selected by convenience sampling method and were evaluated for obsessive-compulsive disorder, metacognition and delusional beliefs. Multivariate regression analysis showed that delusional beliefs and metacognitive beliefs can predict obsessive-compulsive symptoms separately. Dysfunctional metacognitive beliefs, such as negative cognitive beliefs about thoughts, negative metacognitive beliefs about oneself, or low cognitive efficiency, also activate threatening judgments about one's performance, these beliefs can disrupt a person's cognitive and behavioral functioning by creating a disturbing negative mental assessment, so that this assessment can intensify negative emotions, such as fear, which eventually manifests as anxiety. The findings of this study support the predictability of obsession through delusional beliefs.

Suicidal is one of ten main reasons of death in different countries in the World and more than one million people attempt suicide yearly. Suicidal is an intentional action that is usually attempted in order to killing own. Sometimes, stressors like financial or interpersonal problems play a role herein. High tension increases suicidal ideas significantly. The purpose of this study was the prediction of suicidal ideas based on cognitive avoidance and cognitive emotion regulation. Therefore, study was descriptive- correlation, 240 of students of Zanjan University were selected via convenience sampling and considered through cognitive avoidance, cognitive emotion regulation and suicidal ideas. Results of multiple regression indicated components (thoughts repressive, thoughts replacing and conversion image to thought) of cognitive avoidance and maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation can significantly predict suicidal ideas. According to results of study, it is necessary to control suicidal ideas among students the first determining different variables and university consulting centers attempt prevention and therapy it

Chronic pain is a health problem that has a great impact on a person's emotions and physical and social functions. People with chronic diseases also face many psychological problems in addition to physical problems that these psychological factors mutually affect their illness. This study aimed to study the effectiveness of mindfulness therapy on psychological well-being and pain symptoms in children with chronic diseases (diabetes). For this purpose, during a quasi-experimental study designed as pre-test and post-test, 30 children with diabetes in Yazd Diabetes Center were selected by available sampling method and were randomly assigned to either the experimental or control groups. Subjects were evaluated for psychological well-being and chronic pain symptoms before and after the study. The experimental group received a 10-session mindfulness therapy program. The results of covariance analysis showed that mindfulness therapy is effective in psychological well-being and reducing chronic pain symptoms. Mindfulness seems to help to understand that negative emotions may occur, but are not a permanent part of the personality and it also allows the individual to respond to events thoughtfully rather than involuntary, and mindfulness has a positive effect on psychological well-being and the reduction of chronic pain symptoms in children with chronic diseases (diabetes).

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, as one of the most common lung diseases, has a progressive and debilitating nature and affects patients' psychological performance. It is often accompanied by decline in cognitive abilities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of ego depletion in the relationship between negative meta-emotion and fatigue with cognitive failure in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. For this purpose, in a descriptive-correlational study, 204 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Kerman were selected by convenience sampling and were evaluated for cognitive failure, ego depletion, negative meta-emotion, and fatigue. The results of data analysis showed that negative meta-emotion, fatigue and ego depletion have significant positive relationship with cognitive failure. Also, the results of path analysis also suggested that ego depletion plays a partial mediating role in the relationship between negative meta-emotion and fatigue with cognitive failure. That is, part of the relationship between negative meta-emotion and fatigue with cognitive failure occurs through ego depletion. It means, part of the relationship between negative meta-emotion and fatigue with cognitive failure occurs through ego depletion. Therefore, according to the results of the present study, we can reduce the ego depletion in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by providing therapeutic interventions based on reduction in negative meta-emotion and fatigue, thus preventing or controlling cognitive failure in these patients

Effective communication between couples is widely recognized as an effective component of a successful marital relationship, and marital dissatisfaction is the most common reason for couples to seek couple therapy. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of self-differentiation through the mediating of psychological capitals in predicting communication patterns. This was a descriptive- correlational study. The sample consisted of 250 married women residing in Mashhad selected by convenience sampling method and they completed the Communication Patterns Questionnaire, Psychological Capitals Scale, and Differentiation of Self Inventory. The results of the Pearson correlation showed that psychological capitals were significantly correlated with constructive communication, demand/withdrawal communication, and mutual avoidance communication and also self-differentiation was related to constructive communication, demand/withdrawal communication, and mutual avoidance communication. The Bootstrap test also confirmed the mediating role of psychological capitals in the relationship between self-differentiation and communication patterns. Overall, the results of the present study showed that couples ‘communication patterns can be predicted through self-differentiation and psychological capitals and also self-differentiation is related to the couples ‘communication patterns with mediating psychological capitals. Psychological capitals are one of the variables affecting the quality of marital relationship and marital interactions.

Problems related to Attention-deficit/ hyperactivity in adults doesn't reveal itself due to graduating school or college and choosing a job that doesn't need long term or precise focus and because of this people have fewer complaints in this regard. But it doesn't mean that their Attention-deficit/ hyperactivity symptoms improved. Because if they were in a situation requiring long term or precise focus they will have difficulties, and at the same time, they may experience a variety of mental and behavioral problems. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between distress tolerance, mind wandering, sleep quality and quantity with Attention-deficit/ hyperactivity symptom severity in adults. Samples of this study included 90 adults with Attention-deficit/ hyperactivity symptoms that were chosen by Convenience Sampling and evaluated for mind wandering, distress tolerance and sleep quality and quantity. Analyzing multiple regressions results showed that Attention-deficit/ hyperactivity symptom severity was positively correlated with mind wandering and had negative correlations with Distress Tolerance and sleep quality and quantity, regression analysis showed that mind wandering predicts overall 42% of  adults Attention-deficit/ hyperactivity symptom severity and distress tolerance and sleep quality and quantity also predicted 35% and 15% of Attention-deficit/ hyperactivity symptom severity in adults. Results indicate that we can predict ADHD symptom severity by measuring mind wandering, distress tolerance and sleep quality and quantity.

Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is one of the most common, chronic and debilitating anxiety disorders and is one of the important causes of poor social and academic performance of students. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of Compassion Mind Training (CMT) on social anxiety symptoms & psychological capitals in female students with social anxiety disorder of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz. According to this, a single subject multiple baselines with follow up phase will be conducted. The first, 8 female volunteer students with the highest score from the cut-off point in the social anxiety questionnaire were selected from the Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz and trained for 8 weeks. Within base line stage (3 weeks) therapy phase (8 weekly) and follow up step (two-, four-, and six-week after treatment), Subjects were evaluated by social anxiety Inventory and psychological capitals Questionnaire. The data were analyzed by using Visual analysis method, reliable change index (p < 0.05) and recovery percentage formula. The results showed that compassionate mind training leads to reducing the symptoms of social anxiety disorder, increasing psychological capitals in people with social anxiety disorder. These results remain relatively stable during follow up phase. This study supports the effectiveness of compassionate mind training on symptoms of social anxiety disorder and psychological capitals of female students with social anxiety disorder.