نشریه پژوهش های ادبی و بلاغی
سال هفتم شماره 3 (پیاپی 27، تابستان 1398)

A Comparison of Baluchi Sassi and Ponoon with Persian Khosrow and Shirin by NezamiIn Baluchi literature, storytelling has a special place, and much of Baluchi traditional literature is devoted to poetic stories. The story of " Sassi and Ponoon " is the most important Baluchi story, which is common in the literature of other languages. This Romantic lyrical poem, despite its writer’s anonymity, is among Baluch's best songs.Among the masterpieces of Persian poetry, fewer poets, such as Nezami, have shown the growth and development of their stories and characters, along with the beauty of appearance and richness of meaning, to preserve the elegance and grace of its work for centuries. . This famous Iranian poet, has composed a unique love poem called "Khosrow and Shirin", is a song less romantic work can be equal it.This research is based on a descriptive-analytical method to study and compare these two poems and analyze the existing commonalities and the differences between them.

One of the important tools for preserving and presenting cultural elements is folklore and dialect. Folklore is the knowledge about beliefs, opinion, creeds and ethical and today, it is the study field of anthropologist and sociologist. Folklore contains: tales, legends, myths, compositions, songs and anecdotes of past which conveys generations to generations. As we know the poems are the best way for conveying the folklore and culture of people.Therefore in present research, some Bakhtiari poems and poets are chosen and the researcher is trying to investigate the usage of folklore and cultural elements in poems of Bakhtiari poets. The main points of this research are studying the reflection of of cultural elements and folklore in some poems in Bakhtiari poets. The results show that Bakhtiari poets have known that folklore gives identity, unity, adaptability, relaxant so they have used cultural elements and folklore in their poems.

Studying the poems of the constitutional period poets is one of the reliable sources in the field of popular culture. A culture that has undergone a change sometimes and Sometimes it has remained unchanged. These cultures and beliefs that people in every community have a firm belief in, It guides us to understand and understand more and more the poetry that is especially evident in the constitutional age of the context and the conditions of life. In this article, relying on library and Internet resources, we have tried to study the poems of Nasim Shomal, one of the most central poets and journalists of the Constitutional era; Let's look at popular culture, beliefs and customs of that era. In the meantime, we have come across proverbs and ironies that are commonplace today, but perhaps fewer know that the likes of the Nasim Shomal. Other tips we found in this article, It was that the main focus of the Nasim, apart from poems written solely for the sake of artistic acceptance, dominated its semantic and literal dimension of entertainment and entertainment; The poem serves the idea of freedom, homeland, defending the working class and depicting the chaos in society. In this study, after mentioning the previous research and its method, the most important components of popular culture are categorized and then the examples are presented under each title and finally the data are deduced.

The theme is the main essence of human thought which manifests itself in various ways in its work and behavior. The theme can be categorized through the theme. Among the poetic forms of public poetry, Dubite is the most intimate and intimate form of poetry to which both poets and audiences can easily relate. Prayer is the most beautiful form of servitude that transcends the boundary of language and manifests in human behavior and behavior. The moment we pray, it is the scars of divine love that shake the cords of our hearts. Examination of the curse's verbal action in various conversations shows that people often curse in anger or frustration. In this descriptive-analytic study, the researcher has studied the desires and the curses and the goals that he had in mind in the folk duplicities of Mazandaran. According to the research findings, it can be said that in the discussion of prayer, which is the language of most lovers, the lover wants God to give his beloved a long life with happiness. The frequency of such prayers is higher in Mazandaran literature than in Amir Pazwari's poems. In the curse, too, the curse on the unfaithful lover is more intense. Then there is the curse on the rival of love, the curse on the fortune-teller, the curse on the sweetheart, the curse on the kindred who hinderThe. joiner, and the curse on the woman and the master

Animal symbolism in unofficial literatureAbstractThere is another type of literature in the culture of every land beside the official literature, the source of which is the beliefs, ideas, interests and common speeches of the people. This unofficial literature, known as folk literature, shows the depth of the culture and authenticity of the people of one land and can be considered their ancient birth certificate. In this type of literature, emblem, and symbols seen in different ways, and beyond their apparent meanings, they are a means of expressing vague and unknown truths.Animal symbolism is an example of a variety of symbols that have been dealt with because of the behavioral sharing and intertwining of human and animal life.To decode the symbols, one has to be creative in mind and take a sharp and meticulously look, in addition to, consider all the social, cultural, ethnic, geographical, and even political conditions of symbol’s use.

Status and value of water in literature and popular cultureabstract :Water and its associated elements are so important in Iranian culture that we can write a large encyclopedia of water . The land of Iran is a land of respect for water. From the written and oral works and ancient beliefs of the people of this land, one can clearly see that water was sacred to them. In most ancient Iranian beliefs, water is a cleansing and washing agent of sin . Without water the emergence and survival of man is unthinkable . Water is one of the primary and universal elements in the continuation of human life. Because of this, its position in different cultures varies according to climate, natural position, how, the number and quantity of available water resources, the level of technological progress and the way of living in different lands. Public culture research is a valuable effort to preserve , revive , and reproduce the culture of a society .