مجله علوم پزشکی پارس
سال نوزدهم شماره 1 (پیاپی 55، بهار 1400)

Despite advances in diagnosis and therapy of cancer, it is still the main cause of death worldwide. Cyclophosphamide is one of the major drugs for lymphoma treatment. However, the anti-lymphoma effects of cyclophosphamide on micro-RNA expression are still unclear, especially in B cell lymphomas. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of cyclophosphamide on miRNA-15a genes expression in Epstein‐Barr‐Virus (EBV)-infected transformed B cell.

In this study, the effects of cyclophosphamide on CO 88BV59-1 LCL – an EBV infected transformed B cell was evaluated. The cells were treated with cyclophosphamide (0.05-50 µM), for 3 days. The cell viability and cytotoxicity were evaluated using MTT, and flow cytometry techniques, respectively. Also, miRNA-15a genes expression were determined by real-time PCR.

Cyclophosphamide significantly inhibited proliferation and induced cell death in the cell-line in a dose and time-dependent manner (P<0.05). There were no significant changes in the expression of miRNA-15a3p and miRNA-15a5p in treated cells compared to untreated cells (P>0.05).

The results showed that cytotoxic effects of cyclophosphamide on CO 88BV59-1 LCL is not related to miRNA-15a3p and miRNA-15a5p expressions.

lncRNAs play their roles in cell growth, transcription, translation, and apoptosis. UCA1 is a type of lncRNA has a direct relationship with ovarian cancer. More than half of the women with ovarian cancer die within less than five years from the disease diagnosis. This study aims to knockout of UCA1 gene using the CRISPR/Cas9 technique in SK-OV-3 cell and studying its effect on cell factors involved in cancer progress and apoptosis.

Two types of sgRNAs for UCA1 gene were designed. sgRNAs were cloned after synthesis in two vectors of PX459. The SK-OV-3 cell was transfected with two vectors carrying sgRNAs. The expression of FAS, BAK, BAX, and P53 pro-apoptosis genes and BCL2 and SURVIVIN anti-apoptosis genes were evaluated using the q-PCR. Besides, the cell proliferation rate and apoptosis induction were studied using MTT and flowcytometry.

The result showed the successful knockout of the UCA1 gene in the SK-OV-3 cell line. The expression of FAS, BAK, BAX, and P53 genes showed a meaningful increase related to the expression in manipulated cells compared to control cells (p˂0.05). Also, the expression decrease of BCL2 and SURVIVIN genes was seen (p˂0.05). MTT and flow cytometry results confirmed the cell proliferation decrease and the apoptosis increase.

UCA1 gene Knockout in the SK-OV-3 showed some positive effects in decreasing cancer cell proliferation and increasing the apoptosis rate can be said that inhibiting overexpression of the UCA1 gene will play a positive role in controlling the growth of ovarian cancer cells.

The critical conditions of the epidemic covid-19 may have different effects on the rate of mortality of other people in the community. The aim of this study was to determine the evaluation of mortality trend before and after the onset of Corona crisis in Jahrom County, south of Iran.

This descriptive study was performed by secondary data analysis death certificate during 2016-2020. The studied variables were collected based on a checklist from the data of the death registration system of the health center and also mortality statistics announced by the organization for civil registration.

In a total of 3785 deaths occurred during the study period, of which 2250 (59.5%) were in male and the rest were female. The average annual number of deaths before and after the Corona epidemic was 701 and 981, respectively. Cardiovascular disease, cerebral infarction, and cancer were the three leading causes of death before the onset of Corona crisis, respectively, and cardiovascular disease, Covid-19, and cerebrovascular disease were the most common causes of death after the onset of Corona crisis, respectively. After the Corona crisis, the cause of death from road accidents and cancer was reduced by 32.60% to 48.61% and the Influenza-like illness was increased by 110.25%.

The average number of deaths occurred after the Corona epidemic has increased by 39% compared to before the epidemic. Cardiovascular diseases are the first and most common causes of death in Jahrom before and after the Corona epidemic.

Immunoglobulins (Igs) are defensive glycoproteins specifically recognize and destroy pathogens. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is most abundant Ig in serum has important protective role against infections. Fragment of crystallizable (Fc) in IgG has essential role in pathogens destruction. Determination the physicochemical properties of IgG Fc is useful in well recognition of its function, diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Bioinformatic is an efficient scientific field uses abundant biological information collected in computers for solving biologic problems. Aim of this study is recognition physicochemical features of human IgG Fc by bioinformatic.

Amino acid sequence and third structure of reference human IgG were found in PDB (Protein Data Bank)  database. Second IgG structure was determined by Protein Homology/analogY Recognition Engine V 2 (Phyre 2) software. Physicochemical properties (felexibility, accessibility and hydrophilicity) of IgG Fc fragment were identified by IEDB (Immune Epitope Database) software.

According to results of this study, most accessibe, hydrophilic and felexible sites of IgG Fc fragment were located to 200 – 450 amino acid sequences. Moreover most accessibe, hydrophilic and felexible positions were overlapped in 291- 300 and 381- 405 amino acid sequences and could be most probable locations of epitopes.

Physicochemical properties of IgG Fc fragment identified in present study are valuable in more exact recognition of IgG functions and its immunogenic epitopes which could be helpful in producing of specific monoclonal anti IgG antibodies for production IgG diagnostic tools, optimizing existing kits, development of similar proteins for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes and phylogenic studies.

Current medications used for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) such as mercaptopurine target molecular factors involved in its onset and progression including DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) because these enzymes are implicated in methylation and therefore expression of genes which are related to cell proliferation. This study evaluated the effect of mercaptopurine on the DNMT3A gene expression.

The study was an analytical study of before and after type, performed on 8 children with B-cell ALL referred to children’s medical center of Tehran enrolled by convenience sampling. Their blood samples were taken in pre-treatment phase as well as 2 months after treatment with mercaptopurine. Ten healthy children referred to Yazd central medical laboratory were also sampled. RNA was extracted from the blood samples, and DNMT3A gene expression was measured by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

DNMT3A gene expression in patients with B-cell ALL who received mercaptopurine was significantly higher compared with pre-treatment time (P < 0.05).

Increased expression of this regulatory gene occurred due to drug mercaptopurine. So, the mechanism of action of this drug may be through epigenetic processes due to higher methylation of DNA in leukemic cells.

Adipokine Adipsin is one of the important adipose tissue proteins and has a beneficial role in maintaining beta cell function. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of 12-week rhythmic combined training on plasma adipsin levels and insulin resistance in Multiple Sclerosis Patients (MS) women.

In this semi-experimental study, 96 female patients with MS were selected on the basis of disability levels and divided into three groups, low disability (n=44), moderate disability (n=26) and sever disability (n=26). Training program include 12 weeks combined training, three sessions per week and 45 to 60 minute for each session. Resting levels of Adipsin and Insulin Resistance were measured 24 h before and 48 h after training programs

The findings showed that after 12 weeks of combine training, plasma adipsin levels in low disability group significantly decrease (p=0.002). Also, 12 weeks of combined exercise significantly decreased insulin resistance in the low and severe disability group, but no significant decrease in the group with moderate disability.

Therefore, combine training induce changes in weight, body fat percentage, BMI and waist circumference, lipids profile and decrease the plasma adipsin level in MS women

 A novel coronavirus has recently been discovered in Wuhan, China in December 2019 named SARS-COV-2. Sensitive molecular assays are now available for detection of SARS-COV-2. The aims of this study were to detect positive subjects of SARS-COV-2 and to survey some challenges that are encountered practically in detection of the virus by Real-time RT-PCR (rRT-PCR) technique.

 271 subjects including 105 women and 166 men were registered by census method from 15 April to 15 Jun of 2020. Nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swab samples of suspicious cases were collected for RNA extraction to identify SARS-COV-2 by rRT-PCR amplification.

 69% of the positive SARS-COV-2 patients over the age 50 were men. However, technically the results showed that in the time period of 15 April to 15 May of 2020 the contents of received rRT - PCR kits were infected with positive control.  8 % of certain negative control samples showed a signal resembling to that of the positive samples in the rRT - PCR process. In addition, the results showed that in some of the rRT - PCR kits the master mix would produce signals like positive control without adding the sample to it automatically in 7 % of the tests.

 Having different types of negative control for diagnosis of SARS-COV-2 is necessary to reduce the chance of having false positive results.

Covid-19 is a highly contagious infectious disease caused by a new coronavirus. Pregnant women are among the groups at risk of this disease. Due to the prevalence of this disease, pregnant women are more likely to be infected. This study evaluates the improvement of clinical symptoms in pregnant women with Covid 19 19 with the herbal medicine Termino One.

The patient is a 40-year-old pregnant woman with a complaint of fever, dry cough, shortness of breath, sore throat, runny nose, body aches and complete loss of sense of smell, referred to an internal medicine specialist in Lamerd. This patient, after taking the drugs recommended by the relevant doctor and not concluding, refuses to continue treatment with modern medicine and starts using herbal medicines under the supervision of a traditional medicine doctor.

The results of this study showed that the combination of herbs of Termino One herbal medicine could improve the patientchr('39')s clinical symptoms. According to the patient, this herbal medicine has had the greatest effect in improving cough, sore throat and shortness of breath.