Razavi International Journal of Medicine
Volume:5 Issue: 3, Summer 2017

This research aimed to study the effectiveness of “parent training based on the Choice Theory” on the motherdaughter conflicts and increasing mothers’ sense of self-efficacy.

The quasi-experimental method was used to examine the research variables. The research population included a group of mothers of the studentswhowere in sixth to ninth grade at Nure Narges school in region 5 of Tehran. The parent- adolescent conflict questionnaire (teen’s papers) was used to assess the frequency and intensity of the conflict. A group of 24 volunteer mothers whose daughters had reported the most conflicts with their mothers was randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. Both groups filled the parent- adolescent conflict questionnaire. The experimental group were trained parenting skills based on the Choice Theory for 8 sessions, while the control group were not trained. Finally, both groups answered the questionnaire again. They also answered the questionnaires three months later, as a follow-up. Multivariate analysis of covariance was used for data analysis.

The results showed a significant difference between the scores of the experimental and control groups.

Parent trainings based on the choice theory can improve the mother-daughter relationship, increase the mother’s sense of self-efficacy and reduce the mother-daughter conflicts significantly.

Adolescence is a sensitive stage of life, where adolescents experience considerable emotional, physical, and intellectual changes. Hence, any delay in emotional maturity might be followed by serious problems in interpersonal relationships of adolescents as well as social challenges; the criterion for determination of social growth is the ability to adapt to others.

The present study aimed to examine the relationships between life expectancy as well as social intelligence and adaptability to the mediating role of resistance in high school boys in Tehran.

It was a correlational descriptive study; the statistical population consisted of all high school boys in Tehran, fromwhom 250 students were selected by cluster sampling method. Data collection was based on Snyder’s et al. (1991) Life Expectancy standard questionnaire, Silvera’s et al. (2001) Social Intelligence questionnaire as well as Sinha and Sing’s (1993) Adaptability questionnaire.

The results showed that there is a significant relationship between life expectancy as well as social intelligence and the mediating role of resistance in high school boys in Tehran. It also showed that there is a significant relationship between life expectancy as well as adaptability dimensions (emotional, educational, and social) and the mediating role of resistance in high school boys in Tehran. Finally, it showed that there is a significant relationship between social intelligence well as adaptability dimensions (emotional, educational, and social) and the mediating role of resistance in high school boys.

Based on the results, it can be stated that resistance plays an intermediary role in life expectancy and social intelligence with social adjustment.

The fact that emotional dysregulation and early maladaptive schemas are considered as the defining core of conduct disorder has been validated throughnumerousstudies. Astrong association between the diagnosis of conduct disorder and callousunemotional traits has also been found by numerous studies.

This study was carried out in order to inspect the relationship between conduct disorder and emotion regulation, callous- unemotional traits, and schema in male high-school students in Dezfoul, SW Iran.

In the present descriptive correlational study, 320 male high school students were chosen in Dezfoul, using the multistage random sampling. Data collection was carried out using some instruments including the child behavior checklist (CBCL), difficulties in emotion-regulation scale (DERS) inventory of callous- unemotional traits (ICUT) young schema questionnaire-short form. The collected data were analyzed using multivariate regression analysis and the pearson correlation coefficient.

The results indicated a meaningfully positive correlation between emotion regulation, callous- unemotional traits and schema with conduct disorder. In addition, the results of multivariate regression analysis showed thatamongthe above-mentioned variables studied, callous- unemotional trait was found to be the most effective predicting variable in conduct disorder (P < 0.001).

The findings of this study are in full agreement with those of previous ones, and basically show a significant association between callous- unemotional traits, emotion regulation and schema with conduct disorder.

There is a paucity studies on partners’ discussions about child bearing in Iran. To shed some light on this understudied subject, we need to develop a valid and reliable instrument at first.

To formulate a questionnaire that evaluates the responsible participation of couples in childbearing decision making.

In this paper, a mixed-method sequential explanatory design was used to design the proper instrument. The questionnaire was developed and tested in three stages. In stage 1, an item pool was generated. In stage 2, content validity was assessed and in stage 3, validity (exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis) was performed.

At the first step, a 13-item instrument was designed, with the results yielding a content validity index of 0.80 for the instrument. The principal component analysis was applied to a sample population consisting of 450 couples to identify the factor structure of the inventory. According to the results, values of 4.458 (df = 78, P < 0.001) and 0.84 were obtained for Bartlett’s test of sphericity and Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) measure of sampling adequacy respectively. As such, three factors with a total variance of 62% were extracted, out of which four factors had acceptable reliability with a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.60 to 0.85. The results of confirmatory analysis of RPCF questionnaire demonstrated the acceptable fitness of the model (CFI = 0.95 TLI = 0.94 and RMSEA = 0.05 and x2/ df = 2.99).

Our results showed that the instrument consisted of three dimensions and exhibits high internal consistency. Also this study approved the use of RPCFQ to measure responsible participation of couples in childbearing.

Various aspects of the psychological component have been affected by the spread of social networks and using these networks by the students.

This study aimed to examine the personality traits, mental health and self-esteem in users and non-users of social networks.

This study conducted as a casual-comparative study among the descriptive designs. In this regard, 372 female high school students studying in the school year 2015 - 2016 were selected from the Instagram and Telegram users of the social networks using multi-stage cluster sampling. Self-made demographic information questionnaire for the participants, Rosenberg questionnaire for evaluating self-esteem index, Hegzako questionnaire for personality traits and Goldberg mental health questionnaire for mental health index were used in the study. Data were analyzed by chi-square, analysis of variance and Bonferroni test.

The results showed that there was a significant difference between users and non-users groups in terms of openness personality component (P < 0.05). Furthermore, there was a significant difference in four components of mental health (P < 0.01). There was also a significant difference for self-esteem index between two groups (P < 0.05).

The findings of this study emphasize the attention to psychological factors in planning of preventive interventions.

In recent decades, violent behavior towards women has been considered as the most serious social problem beyond cultural, social, and regional boundaries. This type of violence includes any violent sexual action which causes physical, sexual, or mental damage in women, leading to obligatory deprivation from individual or social freedom.

The present study was aimed to examine levels of domestic abuse and emotional regulation in normal women and women exposed to violence.

This study is causal-comparativeandof anafter-event type. The statistical population of the present study consisted of two groups of women: exposed-to-violence women with background in conflict intervention and social emergency centers; and normal women in the second half of 2015. Statistical sample included 200 individuals (100 exposed-to-violence women and 100 normal women), who were selected using Convenience Sampling method; and they were examined and compared using questionnaires of domestic abuse and emotional regulation. All analytical actions were done using SPSS-ver20.

Data analysis showed that there is a significant difference between exposed-to-violence women and normal women in terms of domestic abuse dimensions (emotional adjustment components) (P > 0.0001). The results of the multivariate analysis of variance showed that there is a significant difference between the two groups of women in terms of the three subscales of domestic abuse questionnaire (emotional, physical, andsexual misbehavior); andcomparison of meanvaluesshowedthat the degree of these dimensions in exposed-to-violence women is high.

Results showed that exposed-to-violence women experience more physical, sexual, and emotional domestic abuse. This can also be related to their differences in terms of emotional adjustment, which must be cared about by experts in order to give better service to these women and prevent social damage.

Self-adjustment-based learning is an important educational, scholarly, and experimental approach in educative, cognitive, and clinical psychology.

The present study was aimed to examine the effectiveness of teaching self-adjustment-based learning strategies in understanding of Islamic Azad University’s (Research and Science Unit in Tehran) students’ competencies and motivational beliefs.

Research method was practical in terms of objective; and in terms of data collection method, it was quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test type. The statistical population of the study consisted of all psychology students in Islamic Azad University, from whom 30 individuals were selected for a control group (15 individuals) and an experimental group (15 individuals), using a convenience sampling method. Data were collected using a self-made questionnaire for competency comprehension and Pintrich and DeGroot’s motivational strategies for learning questionnaire. The analysis of the obtained data was done through SPSS software in two sections: descriptive (frequency, percentile frequency, mean, standard deviation, and variations) and inferential (covariance analysis).

Results showed that teaching self-adjustment-based learning strategies affects Islamic Azad University’s psychology students’ understanding of competencies and motivational beliefs. In addition, findings showed that due to self-adjustment-based learning strategies, students’ understanding of competencies increased.

Teaching self-adjustment-based learning strategies helps to enhance motivational beliefs.

In the 20th century, especially over the last decades, there have been new interpretations of beauty; and beauty is defined to include a set of components such as fitness, using cosmetics, clothing, attractiveness, and physical perfection.

The present study was aimed to examine the effect of acceptance-based and commitment-based therapy on body image in women between the ages of thirty and forty after beauty surgeries.

This research was semi-experimental, using a pre-test post-test design, with a control group. The statistical population consisted of all individuals who visited Sepita Skin and Health Care Clinic, from whom 15 women were considered for a control group and 15 women were considered for an experiment group. Data collection tools included a body image questionnaire. Data were analyzed using a single-variable covariance analysis method.

The results of body image covariance analysis (ANCOVA) show that there is a significant difference between body image mean values in control and experiment groups, in terms of post-test scores. The women of the experiment group had a better condition than the women of the control group in terms of body image.

Based on findings, it can be stated that commitment-based and acceptance-based therapy affects body image in women between the ages of thirty and forty after beauty surgeries.