Razavi International Journal of Medicine
Volume:4 Issue: 4, Autumn 2016

Aortic surgery hasmademuch progress recently. Yet the combination of aortic surgery and coronary artery bypass grafting has remained amajor issue for the surgeons.

Patient and Observation:

 Herein, we present a case of severe aortic insufficiency with aortic aneurysm concomitant with single coronary artery disease on the right coronary artery. The patient underwent Bentall procedure for the correction of severe AI and aortic aneurysm. Subsequently, due to the lack of proper site for proximal anastomosis of the saphenous veingraft on the ascending aorta, we decided to performcoronary-coronary artery bypass for the right coronary artery lesion instead of conventional implan- tation of saphenous vein graft on the ascending aorta.

Coronary-coronary artery bypass could be performed safely for special conditions like porcelain aorta and when the ascending aorta is not suitable for the proximal saphenous vein graft.

Endodontically treated teeth need to be restored in amanner to provide protection for the remaining tooth structure but would also allow the restoration of esthetic and functional demands.

This study evaluates the clinical success rate of endodontically treated premolars restored with different techniques.

In this study, 96 participants were included with indication of endodontic treatment of one maxillary or mandibular premolar. Only cases with premolars along with MOD Class II carious lesions and preserved cusp structure were recruited. After endodontic treatment subjects were randomly assigned to one of the following restoration methods .(1) composite restoration without any cusp reduction(2)Composite associatedwithafiber reinforced composite (FRC) post (3) capping the buccal and lingual cusp and composite restoration. Subjectswere recalled for the clinical and radiographical evaluationswithmodifiedUSPHS criteria after three, six and 12months.

During the evaluation period, all the threemethods of restoration, achieved the Alpha degree in termof modified USPHS criteria.

The clinical success rates of endodontically treated premolars restoredwith fiber posts and direct composite restora- tions, direct composite restorationswithcuspcapping andsimpledirect composite restorationwereperfect after one year of follow- up evaluation.

The purpose of this study is to determine the frequency of hyperglycemia in nondiabetic critically ill children and to investigate its relationship withmechanical ventilation, length of stay andmortality.

In this original retrospective study, data was (were) collected between 2013 and 2014 from the pediatric intensive care unit data base of Sheikh’s Children Hospital inMashhad, Iran (one hundred admitted children).

From among 97 subjects, 49 subjects (50.5%) were hospitalized for more than 10 days, and the mean length of stay wa 14 days. The overall mortality rate was 16 subjects (16.5%) and frequency of hyperglycemia was 24 subjects (24.7%). The median fo blood glucose measurements was 100 mg/dl. Seventy three subjects (75.3%) had a mean blood glucose level in the normal range Overall, 18 subjects (18.6%) had at least one blood glucosemeasurement of 180mg/dL or higher. There was a significant association between hyperglycemia and mortality (P < 0.001). Linear regression analysis showed positive correlation between blood glucose level, length of stay and length of ventilation (P  0.001). The maximum serum glucose concentration positively correlated with duration of mechanical ventilation and length of stay (P < 0.001).

Our study found thatmaximumserumglucose concentration positively correlatedwith the duration of mechanica ventilation, length of stay, andmortality.

Nursing is a very stressful occupation, particularly when associated with changing shift working thatmay result in oxidative stress. Oxidative Stress is created by amisbalance between pro-oxidants and antioxidants towards pro-oxidants. Damage to lipids, protein, DNA, growth and cell function is obtained as result of oxidant. OS has been played an important role in many of diseases. In this study, we assessed the potential for OS by determining the pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance assay (PAB assay) in nurses who worked variable shift patterns; compared with nurses only working day shifts and a non-nurse control group.

Sera of 44nurseswithrotating shiftworking (night andday) and43nursesworkingday shift only and80healthy subjects, who did not work shifts and were not nurses, were collected and serumPAB wasmeasured.

A significant higher serumPAB valuewas observed in shiftworking and daytime nurses (152.2843.64HK) in comparison to the control group (63.64  34.41 HK index), P Value = 0.001. In day time nurses, also serum PAB between male (119.09  47.14 HK) and female (162.53  37.02 HK) in nursing workers was significant, P Value = 0.005. In the night shift working nurses, there was also a significant difference of PAB value between male (129.89  35.76 HK) and female (170.46  44.47 HK), P value = 0.002. SerumPAB between night shiftworkers (151.1045.02 HK) and daytime nurses (153.4442.66 HK)was no significant. A significant relationship was observed between serum PAB value and gender in nurses. There was no significant correlation between age and serumPAB value.

The serumpro-oxidant-antioxidant balance (PAB) assaymay reflect oxidative stress in nurses. Females nursesmay be exposed greater level of oxidative stress than male nurses. In our study shift working did not affect serum PAB levels, but the PAB levels were different inmale and female groups.

Remitting seronegative symmetrical synovitis with pitting edema (RS3PE) is a rare, but well-defined syndrome com- prising polyarthritis with symmetrical synovitis of the small joints in hands and feet accompanied by marked pitting edema. It is often considered a paraneoplastic syndrome, but here we report a case with F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomog- raphy/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) findings of polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) in a patient with RS3PE and suspected of paraneoplastic syndrome.

To briefly report the potential of FDG-PET/CT in rheumatic settings.

An 83-year-oldmalewith a history of prostate adenocarcinoma simultaneouslywith RS3PE presentedwith pain and stiff- ness of the shoulder and hip girdles to the department of rheumatology. He was anemic and had hypersedimentation of 106. He also complained of sore and swollen hands compatiblewith RS3PE. The patient had a previous course of RS3PE, presented as a para- neoplastic syndrome, togetherwith his prostate cancer one year earlier,which resolvedwhen the prostatic cancerwas in remission. FDG-PET/CT was performed due to suspicion of repeat paraneoplastic syndrome.

FDG-PET/CT findings showed no evidence of malignant disease. Therewas diffusely increased FDG in soft tissue around the shoulders and hips and FDG-positive axillary lymph nodes consistent with PMR.

RS3PE and PMRmay belong to the same clinical entity. FDG-PET/CT has a potential role in themanagement of PMR as well as other rheumatic diseases.

Social anxiety is anextremely harmful disorder affectingmany aspects of life and causes limited capability of encoun- tering social situations among individuals.

The purpose of this study was to examine the efficacy of the unified transdiagnostic treatment on social anxiety and positive and negative affect in students.

The statistical population of this study included all female undergraduate studentswith social anxiety in Ahvaz Jundisha- pur University of Medical Sciences. 32 female undergraduate students of medical sciences university of Ahvazwere selected among thosewith social anxiety score of 19 ormore (cut-offscore) throughmultistage randomsamplingmethodandwere randomly placed in experimental and control groups. Social phobia inventory (SPIN) and positive and negative affect schedule (PANAS) were imple- mented on subjects of both groups before and after conducting the intervention. Unified transdiagnostic treatmentwas performed on the experimental group within 8 sessions of 90minutes, but the control group received no intervention. Data were analyzed by multivariate covariance analysis.

Results showed a significant difference between experimental and control groups in terms of social anxiety and negative and positive affect, and unified transdiagnostic treatmenthas reduced social anxiety and negative affect and also has increased pos- itive affect in experimental group.

Itmay be concluded based on the results of this study that unified transdiagnostic treatment is effective on recovery of social anxiety and negative and positive affects among the students. Therefore, clinical therapists are advised to use this interven- tion.

Ithasbeendemonstratedthatweakening of thebrainantioxidant systemandoxidative stress is themaincontributor in pathophysiology of ischemic stroke.

Since fullerenol nanoparticles have powerful antioxidant effects in biological environments, we aimed to evaluate whether fullerenol administration during cerebral ischemia potentiates the antioxidant defense systemof ischemic brain and de- creases cerebral infarction.

Thirty six rats were randomly divided into three groups (n = 12 for each group): sham, control ischemia and ischemic treatment groups. Themiddle cerebral artery (MCA) was obstructed for 90minutes in right hemispheres of control ischemia and ischemic treatment groups to achieve the experimentalmodel of ischemic stroke. Treated rats received fullerenol nanoparticles (10 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) 30minutes beforeMCA occlusion. Brain infarction, glutathione content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were determined at the end of experiment.

Occlusion of MCA induced considerable infarction and lesion in ischemic hemispheres of control ischemic rats (52759 mm3 ) in accompany with a decrease in the glutathione content (45%), and SOD activity (29%) compared with sham rats. Adminis- tration of fullerenol in ischemic treatment group before MCA occlusion reduced the value of infarction (138  67 mm3 ) and also increased the value of the SOD activity by 33% compared to control ischemic group.

Our findings indicate that fullerenol nanoparticles decrease the brain infarction through enhancement of the SOD activity during cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.

The presence of air within the intracranial cavity, due to the entry of air secondary to an abnormal communication after a dural tear, is defined as pneumocephalus and intraventricular pneumocephalus also known as pneumoventricle. Obviously, common etiologies of pneumocephalus are head injury and cranial surgery. Also, less common non-traumatic causes of pneumo- cephalus are neoplasm or from a gas-forming organism infection. Although pneumocephalus after spinal penetrating injuries is rare,it was reported. The object of this report is to describe the case of patient with pneumoventricle after neck spinal stab wound.

A 29-year-old man presented to ED with complaint of two stab wounds, one of them was located at the right back chest and the other at themidline neck. Because of the respiratory distress and decreased breath sounds, after taking a chest X-ray, we realized hemothorax in right hemithorax and placed the chest tube in ED. In addition, in requested neck CT scan, there was a defuse air in neck spine that spread to his brain. Furthermore, neurologic examination showed weakness in left leg motor function and loss of pain and temperature sensation in the other leg, which was based on brown-sequard syndrome. Mentioned patient admitted in neurosurgery department for further follow-up.

Pneumoventricle is rare but it can be established after spinal trauma. By awareness of such possibility, accurate diag- nosis by clinical examination and imaging is essential for these types of injuries