نشریه پژوهش در علوم زیستی و فعالیت بدنی
پیاپی 3 (پاییز و زمستان 1394)

Vaspin, a new adipocytokine secreted from adipose tissue. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks’ endurance training on serum vaspin concentration and Insulin resistance in obese women.

22 obese women voluntary selected and were divided randomly into two experimental groups (n = 11) and control groups (n = 11). The training program was done eight weeks, three times per week. Endurance training program included, 30 minutes running with intensity 50-70 % target heart rate. Serum vaspin concentrations (by ELISA methods) and Insulin resistance were measured 24 hours before and 24 hours after the protocol of training. In order to compare data within groups was used by Dependent t-test and for comparison between groups was used Independent t-test.

The results showed that following 8 weeks of endurance exercise training Vaspin levels were significantly increased compared to control group (P=0.001) and Insulin resistance significantly in the exercise group significantly increased compared with control group (P=0.03).

Due to Vaspin beneficial effects in reducing disease and reduce insulin resistance and a significant increase in this study, endurance training can be useful for obese women.

Lack of balance is one of motion limitation among children with hyperactivity disorder /attention deficit (ADHD). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 12 weeks of selected physical activity on static and dynamic balance in children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in elementary schools in Kashan city.

The type of study was a quasi-experimental study. The population of this study consisted of 105 elementary students suffering from ADHD in 2014-2015 year. 30 participants with the highest degree of ADHD, were purposefully selected and divided into control and experimental groups. Experimental groups practiced in a selected physical activity program for 12 weeks, 3 sessions per week, for 60 minutes. The star excursion balance test (SEBT) and Lak Lak )FBT) were used before and after exercise. For analyzing the data, the independent and paired t-test was used with significant level of P≤ 0.05 by using SPSS18.

A significant increase in static balance (P= 0.008) and dynamic balance (P= 0.001) was achieved in experimental compared with control groups. The differences within group showed that a significant difference in static balance (P= 0.000) and dynamic balance (P= 0.000) exists in pre-testing and post-testing of experimental and groups. But was no significant difference in control group (P≥ 0.05).

According to the results, it seems that selected physical activity through play- therapy and basic skills have influence on improvement of static and dynamic balance and children with ADHD can benefit from this approach.

Ski is the most population of winter sports around the world that the risk of falls in this sport is very high. Researches were showed that the poor balance is one of the most important risk factors of falling and injuries. Therefore, for prevention and reducing injuries, the aim of this research was to study the relationship between core endurance and static balance in snowboard skiing athletes.

Due to limitation in the choice of subjects, 40 male athletes participated in this study with a history playing of minimum 6 seasons in snowboard skiing (mean age 26.85±3.30 yr, height 180.45±6.08 cm, weight 79.86±6.14 kg and athletic experience 12.70±4.53 season). Subjects were selected nonrandom and targeted. Core endurance measured by McGill (2007) endurance protocol; consist of trunk flexion endurance, trunk extension endurance and trunk lateral flexion endurance tests. Moreover, Static balance was measured by stroke star test. Data were analyzed using by Pearson correlation test (P˂0.05).

Correlation test showed significant relationship between core endurance and static balance (P˂0.05).

Due to significant relationship between core endurance and static balance in Snowboard Skiing Athletes and also importance balance in this sport, strengthening core endurance for improvement static balance in snowboarders is necessary with other training programs.

The purpose of this study was to investigate prevalence, type and mechanism of injuries in elite male futsalist students of Iran who practice for Iran Universities Futsal Championship in a year.

159 students from 29 universities with mean age range of 22.1±2.44 year, mean experience of 5.83±2.42 years participated in the study. Information on their injuries at three levels of prevalence, type and mechanism of injury were collected by using a questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and chi-square test was used to analyze data.

The results show that in total, incidence of 149.9 injuries per 1000 hours of training player. The most common injuries were in the lower extremities (47.96%) that in lower leg (8.71%), thigh (8.53%) and knee (7.92%), respectively. The most common types of injury were muscle-tendinous (35.85%) and skin (34.13%) injuries which are 19.66 percent and 14.44 percent in the lower extremities, respectively. Also there is a significant relationship between the types of injuries (p<0.05). Not warming up the body before exercise is the most important mechanism of injury is considered from the perspective of the players and coaches.

Muscle-tendinous Injuries as the most common type of injury, lower leg as the most vulnerable members and not warm the body before practicing as musculoskeletal injuries are the most important mechanism. There is strong relationship between types of injuries. So based upon this information, coaches and sports official’s universities can reduce the rate of injuries than players in training courses, take the necessary precautions.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of pre-exhaustion technique and consumption of cretaine monohydrate nutrition supplements and carbohydrate protein mixture in chest press seated front barbell press and leg squat in elite elite body builders.

29 of the elite body builders of Isfahan province were selected as subjects and were randomly divided into three groups. First group (age = 28/5±4/45, high =177/9±6/45) used the pre-exhaustion technique and nutrition supplements, the second group (age =28/2±4/75, high=178/1±6/17) used the pre-exhaustion technique without using any nutrition supplements and the third one (age =29/33±3/31hight= 175/77±6/35) performed their desired exercise without any nutrition supplements. Before and after the training protocol they were taken a record by using 1-repetition maximum. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for normality of the data and Levine's test for homogeneity of variances and analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Scheffe post hoc test were used for statistical data anal

The aim of this study is to compare anthropometrical and physiological profile of Hamadan's handball women's players and national handball women's players of Iran. to this purpose, Hamadan's handball women's players (15 subjects, 23.47 ± 5.75 Years) and national handball women's player of Iran (15subjects, 23.67 ± 3.56 Years) were selected as subjects. The anthropometrical characteristics were measured by anthropometric standards method and anaerobic power measured by RAST-test, speed measured by 36m-run, agility measured by Illinois-test, flexibility measured by sit and reach test, a lactate power measured by Vertical jump test, and Maximal oxygen consumption measured by 1600m-run test. The results showed that the Hamadan's handball women's player in comparing with the national handball women's players in the height, body mass, percentage of body fat, speed, Sargent Jump, anaerobic power and Maximal oxygen consumption factors were weaker (p < 0/05). So, for success in sports competitions they should obtain the international norms and elite players nationally.Abstract:The aim of this study is to compare anthropometrical and physiological profile of Hamadan's handball women's players and national handball women's players of Iran. to this purpose, Hamadan's handball women's players (15 subjects, 23.47 ± 5.75 Years) and national handball women's player of Iran (15subjects, 23.67 ± 3.56 Years) were selected as subjects. The anthropometrical characteristics were measured by anthropometric standards method and anaerobic power measured by RAST-test, speed measured by 36m-run, agility measured by Illinois-test, flexibility measured by sit and reach test, a lactate power measured by Vertical jump test, and Maximal oxygen consumption measured by 1600m-run test. The results showed that the Hamadan's handball women's player in comparing with the national handball women's players in the height, body mass, percentage of body fat, speed, Sargent Jump, anaerobic power and Maximal oxygen consumption factors were weaker (p < 0/05). So, for success in sports competitions they should obtain the international norms and elite players nationally.Abstract:The aim of this study is to compare anthropometrical and physiological profile of Hamadan's handball women's players and national handball women's players of Iran. to this purpose, Hamadan's handball women's players (15 subjects, 23.47 ± 5.75 Years) and national handball women's player of Iran (15subjects, 23.67 ± 3.56 Years) were selected as subjects. The anthropometrical characteristics were measured by anthropometric standards method and anaerobic power measured by RAST-test, speed measured by 36m-run, agility measured by Illinois-test, flexibility measured by sit and reach test, a lactate power measured by Vertical jump test, and Maximal oxygen consumption measured by 1600m-run test. The results showed that the Hamadan's handball women's player in comparing with the national handball women's players in the height, body mass, percentage of body fat, speed, Sargent Jump, anaerobic power and Maximal oxygen consumption factors were weaker (p < 0/05). So, for success in sports competitions they should obtain the international norms and elite players nationally.

Taekwondo is one of the most popular martial arts in world. The aim of this study was to investigate theincidence and mechanism of acute injuries in professional men Taekwondo competitors in Iranian 2008super league.

70 senior professional men Taekwondo competitors (age:22.4 ± 3.6 years, height: 178.8 ± 7.4 cm,weight: 70.8± 10.4 kg) who participated in Taekwondo super League competitions involved in thisstudy. By an injury record form that was made by researchist and by helps of team´s physician andphysiotherapist, data was collected and recorded. Variables such as incidence, location, causes andmechanism of injury were considered and recorded after competitions. Statistical analyses of Chi Squarewere used to processing of the data.

The results of this study showed that in 56 team's matches (448 individuals matches( , 133 injuriesoccurred, totally. Injury rate (IR) was 148.4 per 1000 athlete exposure competition or 4.45 per 100minutes’ matches. More injuries occurred at lower extremities (68.4 percent), ( 2 = 18, p<0.05). Foot wasthe most common injured area (89 cases), ( 2 = 10, p<0.05). The contusion was the main injuries (30cases) ( 2  = 29.4, p<0.05). Previous injury, opponent technical mistake and athlete were the main causesof injuries ( 2  = 8.4, p>0.05).

In conclusion, men Taekwondo competitors had more injuries in lower extremities than upperextremities and contusion and previous injury were as the most common type and the main causes ofinjuries (respectively). So, improving physical fitness level, decreasing technical mistake and usingqualified protective pads and safe equipment’s, rules modification are the best ways to minimize injuriesin Taekwondo competitors; then the urgency of some changes in rules to reduce the injuries are clear.