مجله تحقیق در علوم دندانپزشکی
سال هجدهم شماره 3 (پیاپی 69، پاییز 1400)

At present cellular phones have become very popular, raising concerns about their effect on the health of users. Some studies have shown that use of cellular phones gives rise to a decrease in salivary antioxidative potential. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of lycopene on salivary superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activities and the total antioxidative capacity (TAC) of the saliva in cellular phone users.

The present clinical trial was conducted on 20 volunteers with no oral diseases, who used cellular phones in Zahedan Dental faculty at 2017. The subjects’ salivary samples were collected before and one month after taking lycopene and the activities of salivary superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxide and the total antioxidative capacity of the saliva were evaluated. Data were analyzed with SPSS 21. Wilcoxon signed rank was used to compare before and after measurmenrs.

The superoxide dismutase levels before and after taking lycopene were 108.37±16.18 and 138.16±20.8, respectively, with a statistically significant difference (P=0.001). The glutathione peroxidase levels before and after taking lycopene were 693.06±9.05 and 676.65±63.45 u/mL, respectively with a statistically significant difference (P=0.001), total antioxidant capacity before and after taking lycopene were 267.72±156.64 and 147.83±120.63 μmol/lit respectively with a statistically significant difference (P=0.001)

It seems that, use of lycopene in cellular phone uses resulted in an improvement of salivary antioxidative system, increasing the odds of elimination of free radicals by the saliva.

Dental caries is an infections disease leading as dynmic process with attack (demineralization and compensation (remineralization) of dental material.The aim of this study to evaluate the antibacterial effect of two dentin desensitizers, Vocco Bifluoride 10 and MI paste, on the cariogenic bacteria Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sabrinus and Lactobacillus acidophilus.

In this experimental laboratory study, samples of Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sabrinus and Lactobacillus acidophilus were used. From each of the compounds of Bifluoride 10 and MI paste 3 discs and 6 culture media for each bacterium were prepared. After drying and sterilizing the disks, the quality control operations of the disks were performed and cultured in culture media at 37 ° C for 48 hour. According to the antimicrobial halo around each disk, its measurement the growth or non-growth of bacteria was examined. Data were analyzed using t-test and two-way ANOVA

In inhibition of streptococcus mutans, Biflooride 10 was more effective, significant. (P=0.029) and in line with streptococcus sabrinus, poste ml was more effective (P=0.003).

The use of Bifluoride and MI paste is effective on diameter of the non-growth halo of cariogenic bacteria Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sabrinus and Lactobacillus acidophilus and therefore but MI paste had more effect in elimination of carigenic bacteria.

One of the problems in dentistry is the diagnosis of secondary caries following Class II restorations filled with flow composite. Radiographs are an appropriate and non-invasive method for diagnosing caries that is not clinically obvious.

The study was performed diagnostically on 64 proximal surfaces belonging to completely healthy premolars. The studied surfaces were prepared for Class II restoration and repaired with flowable composite base. Artificial caries was created by PH cycling method with cariogenic solutions. Then the teeth in the putty blocks were mounted in pairs and radiographs were taken. The images were randomly and blindly provided to the observer (a maxillofacial radiologist and a restorative specialist) and the presence or absence of caries in the information forms was examined     ( Has-not-unspecified) was determined.

The study was performed on 32 premolars that were mounted in pairs, which is a total of 64 samples. The results of this study showed that digital radiographs had 10 analog samples or15.6% radiographs in 12 samples or18.7% incorrect diagnosis(F.P+F.N) and the ratio test showed that this difference in these two radiographic methods was not statistically significant.(P<0.9)                                                          

In the diagnosis of secondary caries, composite restorations in Class II cavities with flowable composite digital and conventional radiographic bases have the same power.

Epithelial odontogenic cysts and tumors originate from the odontogenic epithelium and superficial epithelial lining of the oral mucosa. Differences in the proliferation of epithelial cell islands play an important role in the pathogenesis of these lesions. The aim of this study was to compare the frequency of odontogenic epithelium in the connective tissue of dentigerous cysts and odontogenic keratocysts from registered samples of oral pathology archive, dental dental faculty Isfahan University of Medical Sciences.

In this cross-sectional descriptive study, 30 odontogenic keratocysts and 30 dentigerous cysts prepared by excisional biopsy were selected and clinical information including age, sex and location was obtained from the archives of patients referred to the Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Department of Isfahan Dental School. Histopathological slides were examined by two pathologists to confirm the diagnosis and evaluation of odontogenic epithelial islands and cords in the connective tissue of the lesions. The data were entered into SPSS23 software and statistically analyzed by Fisherchr('39')s exact test, Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis and T-test.

The number of specimens with large and small epithelial islands and epithelial cords was significantly higher in odontogenic keratocysts than dentigerous cysts (p-value = 0.014). There was no significant difference between the mean number of large and small epithelial islands and cords in connective tissue based on gender and location in each group (p-value >0.05). There was a significant inverse relationship between the mean number of large and small islands of odontogenic epithelium and epithelial cords in the connective tissue of the two lesions with the mean age of patients (p-value = 0.035).

It seems that the samples with large and small epithelial islands and epithelial cords were significantly higher in OKCs than dentigerous cysts and this difference may play a role in the different  biological behavior and recurrence of these two lesions.

COVID-19 virus has spread like a pandemic from the beginning of 2020 and has caused many dangers and concerns. The virus is commonly transmitted through the respiratory tract and infected aerosols, the production of these aerosols during dental treatment increases the risk of infection among staff and patients. The present study investigates the prevalence of the COVID-19 virus in patients referred to Shahid Beheshti Dental School.For 3 months duration.

This descriptive and cross-sectional study was performed on 193 patients after the reopening of the dental clinic during the outbreak of COVID-19 from June to September 2020 in Tehran. Patients were asked questions about their general health status and condition when visiting the faculty by telephone interview and the data were recorded.

About 17% of patients had a systemic disease and about 60% of them had regular vitamin D intake. Most blood groups belonged to groups O and A. A small number of patients (6.20%) reported having corona virus-infected individuals in their family members. About 8% of patients also reported having corona disease but were unsure of the cause. Patientschr('39') satisfaction with health behaviors and personal protection of the faculty was high (99%).

The results of this study indicate the prevalence of factors affecting the incidence and severity of Covid-19 disease among patients referred to the clinic of the faculty of dentistry. Given the uncertainties surrounding the nature of the virus, it is not possible to provide fully effective protection protocols; however, adhering to protective protocols can reduce the spread of the disease.

The aim of this study was content analysis to examine the content of oral health messages present in the most viewed channels of telegrams as social network.

This  study was a descriptive anelytical one. The content of the most viewed health channels provided by the cyberspace organisation to the researchers. Our sample included oral health messages as texts, depicts, and videos during 4 weeks period in winter of 2018. Befor filtering  We conducted an inductive content analysis of a non random sample of 23000 messages, and coding was done by the MAXqda 2010 software.

Analysis of the oral health messages resulted in 21 subcategories and 5 main categories.
Including and health , oral disease, esthethic, nutrition and others. Among 23,000 commerical and health massage, 244 ones (1.06%) was correlated with dental and oral health. Freguency of data in decending order were related to esthetic, oral disease (etiology, prevention and treatment), oral health, nutrition and others. Between all massages, only one fifth was corresponded to scientific evidence.

It seems, related massages of dental and oral health in telegram social network was on percent and had little accordance to scientific evidence.

Hypodontia is a dental anomaly which indicates the maternal missing of less than 6 teeth in the dentition. This anomaly is affected by the genetics and environmental factors. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the asymmetric developing of left and right sides permanent teeth in children with hypodontia. This can be useful for comprehensive treatment in these patients.

In this cross-sectional study, the samples were taken from the patients of the dentistry department of Ardabil in years 97-98. The 3 intrusion criteria were: 1- The patients aged 5-14 years who needed OPG for continuing their treatments. 2- No history of medical disease, craniofacial syndromes and clefts in orofacial area. 3- No history of orthodontic treatment. The 12 description levels of Haavikko were used to determine the amounts of permanent teeth development. The bilateral asymmetry of each tooth in children with hypodontia and normal children were compared in the same age. The fischer test and the logistic regression were used to analyze the data with the level of significant p<0/05.

From the 1604 number of OPG radiographs, 162 had hypodontia. According to this, the prevalence of hypodontia in the population is 10.16%. The most prevalent missed teeth are the mandibular second premolars, and maxillary lateral incisors. The results showed that the ratio of asymmetry in patients with hypodontia is 11.54.

The possibility of asymmetric developing of teeth in children with hypodontia is more than the normal children.

The prevalence of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has thus far forced most schools and universities to change their conventional teaching methods and to encourage virtual education. The present study aimed to investigate the attitudes of faculty members and students of dentistry, at Islamic Azad University, Tehran Medical Science, towards virtual education of theoretical courses during the COVID-19 pandemic.

In this study, a total number of 300 faculty members and students of dentistry, at Islamic Azad University, Tehran Medical Science, meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruited. The sampling was also performed using proportional stratified random sampling technique. The data were further collected by an electronic designed questionnaire which its validity and reliability were approved referred to Tabatabaee et. Al study with Cronbach α=0.7 using test-retest method. The results were analysed via the independent-samples t-test and Q-square test.

Among the participants, 96 cases (32%) were faculty members and 204 individuals (68%) were students of dentistry. Of the faculty members, there were 40 men (41.7%) and 56 women (58.3%). With regard to the students’ gender, 86 respondents (42.2%) were male and 118 cases (57.8%) were female. Out of 204 students, 83 cases (40.7%) were enrolled in the basic science courses and 121 respondents (59.3%) were taking clinical ones. With regard to the virtual education of theoretical courses, the attitudes of the faculty members and the students of dentistry in terms of the effectiveness of virtual education and the associated factors as well as the subjective-emotional factors demonstrated a significant difference (p<0.05), Nevertheless, the attitudes of the faculty members and the students on the challenges of virtual education were not significantly different (p>0.05).

According to the study results, virtual education can be practiced as favorable among faculty members compared with students of dentistry. Failure to establish face-to-face communication between teachers and students along with hardware problems can be thus deemed as barriers in this respect.

Xerostomia, is a chronic and common symptom of dry mouth that many patients report when they meet their doctor or dentist or oral hygienist. As far as Corona virus spreading widely, it is khown as one of the latest etiology for this complication. Salivary reduction causes serious damages to the oral and pharyngeal mucosa due to dryness, Same as oral and pharyngeal mucosa discontinuity. The aim of this study was to evaluate dry mouth and its necessary treatment considerations in related articles in  patients with Covid19, as important and know complicate.

by searching the keywords, COVID-19; Therapeutics; Xerostomia; Salivary glands in data bases such as pubmed; Google scholar; scopus; SID; net,  40 articles that published between the years 2016-2020, which are conformed with our inclusive and exclusive factors ,were selected.

Secondary to taste dysfunction (59.5%), Xerostomia (45.9%) is the most prevalent condition related to corona infection. 74.5% of corona infected who experience Xerostomia, announced that they have had the signs of Xerostomia before covid-19 diagnosis. Some medications used in the treatment of Covid-19, such as antiviral drugs (Remdesivir and Ritonavir) and antimuscarinic drugs, also causes dry mouth. There is a wide range and different efficiencies of dry mouth treatments. The new emerged therapies have also been effective in treating dry mouth and have shown promising results.

The corona virus can affected salivary glands function, directly and indirectly. It cause changes in amount and quality of saliva, the important and significant result of which is dry mouth. It could be secondary to the destructive activity of the virus, or secondary to the use of therapeutic drugs. Due to the widespread effects of dry mouth on patientschr('39') quality of life, It is important to consider concomitant treatment of dry mouth in patients who affected by covid-19 currently or in past.