نشریه تامین اجتماعی
سال شانزدهم شماره 1 (پیاپی 58، زمستان 1399)

The outbreak of Corona virus has plunged the Social Security Organization into a new crisis and uncertainty, like other economic pillars. In line with its advocacy role, this organization has taken steps to control the spread and disruption of the transmission chain through serving Covid 19 patients, besides supporting workers, employers and professionals. The corona crisis, its scope and breadth, the variety of required services and the numerous demands of stakeholders make the management of the organization's performance subject to critical points of view. The purpose of this study is to identify and evaluate the executive actions of the Social Security Organization in the context of the Corona crisis. On the basis of the method of Text Mining, five actions including expansion of   access to health services; temporary deferral of premium payment; facilitating the qualifying conditions of receiving unemployment insurance; expansion and facilitation of qualifying conditions to benefit from short-term benefits such as sickness compensation; as well as adjustment of administrative procedures and service delivery mechanisms were identified. To this end, performance management of the organization in times of corona crisis was analyzed through using the panda decision-making strategy; features of concluding, multiple feedback, speed of action and systematic attitude; in addition to four advantages of the strategy such as flexibility, acceptability, interaction- based and value-based principles. Since the performance management of organizations in crisis situations has not been evaluated so far, focused on comprehensiveness, the output of this article should be considered the as a great achievement in terms of knowledge management of the crisis situations.

Today, the status of human is the main axis of development and paying attention to the basic needs of people and getting rid of poverty is not only a humanitarian approach, but also a crucial human right. Meanwhile, the unequal and increasing share of women in poverty has increased worldwide, especially after the outbreak of Corona pandemic. The present qualitative study examines the effects of poverty on female-headed households after the corona pandemic and seeks to reveal its nature and dimensions among the women studied.

Accordingly, by adopting a qualitative methodology, 15 female-headed households in district 1 of Tehran city, Evin Darkeh area, were interviewed in depth and the collected data were analyzed using thematic or thematic analysis. Many factors have been suggested as effective variables in poverty such as inequality of rights and opportunities; more deprivation of women from official employment privileges; as well as immigration and war. Of course, in the last two years, with the spread of the Corona pandemic, a certain number of women, particularly those who are the heads of households, have moved to the lowest rank of the poor.

The findings of this study identified specific categories: predicting a dark future and stress, feelings of discrimination and injustice, social exclusion, and moral vulnerability.

According to the statistics issued by International Labor Organization (ILO) in 2008, there are approximately 337 million occupational accidents and 160 million occupational diseases worldwide each year, and about 2.3 million workers pass away from occupational accidents and work-related diseases. The economic costs of occupational health and safety problems impose a significant burden on companies.
In this study, based on the model of the German Occupational Health and Safety Organization (BAuA), potential hazards are classified into ten groups. Meanwhile, in order to determine the importance of each risk in each organization, each risk is evaluated according to FMEA model. Risk assessment was conducted in ten companies including Ceramara, Alvand Tile & Ceramic Industries, Barez Tires, Fanavaran Petrochemical, Saveh Cement, Abyek Cement, Daroupakhsh (medicine production and distribution companies), Chloropars, and Razak Laboratory.
According to the results, risks in some organizations including Chloropars, Alvand Tile & Ceramic Industries, and Fanavaran Petrochemical are in a worse situation than other companies surveyed. Studies also show that the lack of applying specific methods in the process of risk assessment can be a considered as a crucial factor of inaccurate identification and management of risks.

Welfare states have a duty to consider the cultural and social aspects of the lives of the elderly and retirees. Social Security Organization has the same duty as one of the welfare organizations that covers more than three and a half million retirees. In the first part of present study, an attempt was made to assess the socio-cultural needs of retirees and to identify their most important priorities in this context. The second part of the study, addresses the pathology of providing socio-cultural services to retirees.

The research method is quantitative and qualitative. In the quantitative part, 429 retirees were interviewed by telephone and a questionnaire was completed. In the qualitative section, interviews were conducted with 19 managers of the organization and Heads of the Retirement Focal Offices.

showed that tourism and various aspects of retirees' health status should be considered as the top priorities by the Organization. Also, incompatibility of the socio-cultural  services with the demands of retirees; specialization of Nasim-e-Salamat project; lack of policy-making based on the cultural context of the region; unfair distribution of services by the Retirement Focal Offices and the feeling of distrust; reduction of social capital; abandonment of Retirement Focal Offices; as well as weakness and marginalization of the cultural sector of the Organization were all identified as the most important problems of the Social Security Organization in providing and socio- cultural services to retirees.

Women as a perfect human being, with the same age of existence as men and equal value with him, constitutes half of the human population on our planet. Unfortunately, women have been exposed to harm, injustice, discrimination and misery throughout history and different societies. One of the contexts of discriminations that has become more important over time is labor rights, especially for working women. Women's pathology in the field of work and social security helps to promote their protection rights. Among these, two important areas of equal pay and social security are among the topics that have many details, are controversial and challenging, and seem to be appropriate for comparative study.By comparative study of the current laws of the Islamic Republic of Iran and the United States of America, performance of the United States in identifying some women's labor rights is evaluated. Accordingly, the performance of our country becomes somewhat clear as well.  This analysis shows our real situation, and helps us to suggest measures for improving the current situation with a pathological approach.

The present study seeks to compare the abovementioned rights in the legal system of the I.R. Iran and US with a descriptive method, analyzing valid library documents and reviewing the existing law.

The right to equal pay for equal work is recognized both in the legal system of Iran and America, and is manifested in many similarities in law. But the issue of social security, especially the retirement of working women in both countries is somewhat different; Because the retirement age of women in Iran is different from men. In the United States, however, there is no difference between men and women. In fact, protective services for retired women in Iran are considered to be more important than in the US.

The issue of care for the elderly affects the welfare and support system as well as the economic and socio-cultural developments of societies. Considering a variety of factors such as increasing number of the elderly population, migration trend contributing to physical distance between family members, expansion of modern urban life, long term education, employment and economic activity of women, lifestyle changes, lack of modern protecting organizations, and insufficiency of traditional care models, we will face the challenge of elderly care process leading to more intergenerational and in-generation family tensions. The issue of care for the elderly in today's world has led the researcher to review the experience of developed countries in this context.

This article is a comparative study of the elderly care policies within three countries including China, USA, and Sweden, which have experienced population aging.

The results of the study show that in addition to 24-hour-care in nursing homes, care policies should move towards community-based care and home-care models, taking advantage of governmental support. The community-based care services, day-care centers, and home care services can serve as a central policy to continue the independent life of the elderly in their homes besides maintaining the quality of their life. Finally, this study recommends to training the elderly care workforce; emphasizing long-term care; supporting informal care providers and home care; community-based nursing models; reforming nursing educational materials with a focus on geriatrics; training the geriatricians and geriatric social workers.

Surveying the impact of leadership development practices on organizational performance considering the intervening role of human capital and social capital in the context of Social Security General Directorate in Golestan province.

The method of this study was descriptive-correlational and in terms of data collection. The statistical population includes all employees of insurance branches in Golestan province in the year 2019, with a sample of 248 people, using the simple random sampling method which was determined through Morgan table. The standard questionnaire was used for data collection. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis. Structural equation modeling (SEM) method and Lisrel software were used as the mediator variable.

Distinctive leadership development measures have not had a positive and significant effect on social capital and human capital, but Integrated leadership development measures have had a positive and significant impact on human and social capital. The relationship between social capital and organizational performance was not confirmed, but this relationship between human capital and organizational performance was confirmed. Finally, social and human capital did not mediate between leadership development measures and organizational performance.

The process of leadership development leads to the promotion and improvement of leadership quality and its capabilities in the individual and collective dimensions of leadership development. In fact, the leadership development program provides the basis for the excellence and productivity of the organization. However, leadership development is a long-term process which may implemented through different educational methods such as succession programs, interactive group training, development centers, and workshops.

Knowledge management can be a powerful tool for addressing the “graying of government” and other factors contributing to the loss of expertise in government organizations. This paper presents a case study of knowledge management at the U.S. Social Security Administration and provides recommendations for how knowledge management might better protect valuable knowledge resources.A two-phase study was conducted of the Benefit Rate Increase/Premium Amount Collectible(BRI/PAC), a core process at the U. S. Social Security Administration, where critical knowledge is at risk of being lost. The study suggests that knowledge sharing, training, and the overall development of a working environment conducive to knowledge management promise to enhance performance of the BRI/PAC operation, at SSA. © 2001 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.In its broadest sense, knowledge management (KM) is the ability to leverage intellectualcapital (knowledge) for achieving organizational goals. Organizations are realizing that their truestrength lies in the intellectual capital of their employees.

In the bibliography section of this issue, the book "Good Governance" is introduced. This book, which explains the concepts, theories and model of stakeholder participation in the activities of the State Pension Fund, has been compiled by the order of Saba Pension Strategies Institute, (the research institution of the State Pension Fund), and has been published this year.