مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی جیرفت
سال هشتم شماره 3 (پاییز 1400)

Candida infections constitute a large group of diseases, so today the need for low-harm antifungal agents is felt more than ever. Securigera Securidaca L. is a medicinal plant with antimicrobial, anti-pest, anti-parasitic and anti-fungal properties. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the anti-candida effects of microemulsion of ethanolic and methanolic extracts of Securigera Securidaca on different strains of Candida.

In this laboratory study, ethanolic and methanolic extracts of Securigera Securidaca and twin 80 were used to make microemulsions. After examining the physicochemical characteristics (viscosity and pH), the well diffusion method was used to investigate the anti-yeast effect of the formulation on Candida strains.

Microemulsions in concentrations of 0.01% of Securigera Securidaca extracts showed significant anti-candidal properties. These microemulsions had the highest inhibitory effect against Candida albicans.

Synthesized microemulsions based on Securigera Securidaca plant extract have good stability and showed high anti-yeast properties against Candida strains.

Measuring the dimensions of bones and their relationship with stature, as well as comparing these dimensions in two different sexes, is of great importance in forensic applications and anthropometric science. Due to the increase in some dimensions of the mandible per year in terms of millimeters and also the existence of gender differences in this bone, the aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation of some mandibular dimensions with human height and gender in a Kerman population.
In this cross-sectional study, 300 Kermanian natives (150 males, 150 females, aged 18 to 30) were selected using cluster random sampling method and height of these subjects were recorded. Also, bigonial distance and gonion-gnathion distance (left and right) were measured using calipers. Data were analyzed using independent t –test and linear regression. Discriminant function analysis were used to evaluate the accuracy of gender differentiation of each dimension of the mandible.
The means and standard deviations of stature, bigonial width and left and right gonion-gnathion distance in males were 178.09±6.34, 11.47±0.86, 10.27±0.91 and 10.23±0.92 cm, respectively. These values in females were 163.32±5.82, 10.16±0.91, 9.43±1.02 and 9.15±0.8 cm, respectively (for all variables p<0.001). Moreover, the correlation coefficient of stature with bigonial width and left and right gonion-gnathion distance in all persons were 0.505, 0.396 and 0.502, respectively (for all variables p<0.001). These values in males were 0.171 (p=0.037), 0.231 (p=0.005) and 0.214 (p=0.008), respectively. However, no significant correlation was observed for these values in female. Sex determine accuracy based on all parameters of mandible was 78% and this rate was estimated based on bigonial, right and left gonion-gnathion parameters alone, 74.7%, 75.3% and 67.7%, respectively.



Using the formulas obtained in this study and confirming it in studies with larger sample sizes, it may be possible to determine stature and sex more accurately than existing methods, especially in the field of forensic medicine

Depression, anxiety, and sleep disorders are common problems in today's societies, especially among students. Studies have shown that vitamin D3 levels are associated with these disorders. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on anxiety, depression, sleep quality and physical morbidity in university students.

In this double-blind clinical trial study, 60 students without underlying disease were participated. They were randomly divided into treatment group (receiving vitamin D3) and control group (receiving placebo). The participants received two 50000 IU pearls of vitamin D3 or placebo at baseline and after 4 weeks.  Sleep quality, anxiety, depression, and physical morbidity of the participated students were evaluated by standardized questionnaires including Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Inventory and Somatization subscale of Symptom Checklist-90 before receiving vitamin D3 and after 8 weeks. Data were analyzed using independent sample t-test, chi-square and mixed model analysis of variance in SPSS 20 software.

The mean ± SD age of students who participated in this study was 23.12 ± 1.20 years. The results of this study showed that vitamin D3 had statistically significant effects on improvement of anxiety (p=0.042), depression (p=0.001), and physical morbidity (p=0.0001) in university students in the treatment group in comparison with the placebo group after 8 weeks, but it did not have a significant effect (p=0.558) on students' sleep quality.

The vitamin D3 could have direct relationship to depression, anxiety, and physical morbidity in university students, but these results need further studies to confirm.

Obesity and overweighting are multifactorial phenomena with genetic and environmental roots. Physiological and metabolic changes from adipose tissue in obese people have led to some chronic diseases. Proper exercise and medicinal herbs may be effective in improving health. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of 8 weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and Tribulus terrestris supplementation on BDNF and FGF21 in obese women.

In a quasi-experimental study, 40 obese women (BMI more than 30 kg/m²) living in Bushehr were randomly selected and randomly divided into four groups of 10, including HIIT + placebo (E), Tribulus terrestrial supplement (T), HIIT + Supplement (ET) and Control (C). The training program was performed for 8 weeks and three sessions per week. The exercises included 7 repetitions of 20 seconds with a rest of 60 to 120 seconds. Tribulus terrestrial supplement was used in the form of 500 mg capsules in two meals in the morning and evening (a total of one gram per day). Correlated t-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to test the research hypotheses.

According to the findings in groups E (p<0.005) and E-T (p<0.0001), the difference between the mean BDNF between pre-test and post-test in the two groups was significant. In group T (p = 0.08) and group C, the mean BDNF did not change significantly. Moreover, in the groups E (p<0.007), T (p<0.003) and E-T (p<0.0001), the mean difference of FGF21 between pre-test and post-test in all three groups was significant. In comparison between groups, the effect of E-T group on FGF21 was significantly greater than the other two experimental groups.

8 weeks of intense intermittent exercise with Tribulus terrestris supplementation By affecting BDNF and FGF21, it improves obesity and promotes health in obese people.

Psychologists consider self-injurious behaviors as a self-help activity that helps a person temporarily calm down, and is in fact an aggressive behavior that can lead to suicide as long as it is not treated. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of transcranial direct current stimulation on brain-behavioral systems and dark personality traits of adolescent with self-injurious behaviors.

 The method of the present study was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design with control and follow-up groups. The statistical population of the study included all male high school students with self-injurious behaviors in Tabriz in the academic year 2019. The sample consisted of 30 students with self-injurious behaviors (includes 15 people in each group). The sample selection method was that first 30 students with self-injurious behaviors were purposefully selected and screened and randomly assigned in two groups. The self-injurious questionnaire, brain-behavioral systems scale and dark personality traits questionnaire were used to collect data. The experimental group was exposed to direct transcranial electrical stimulation for 20 sessions every other day. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance test and employing SPSS-24 software.

The results showed that transcranial direct current stimulation caused decreased behavioral activation (P<0.001) increased behavioral inhibition(P<0.001) and decreased antisocial behavior(P<0.001) in adolescents with self-injurious behaviors.

According to the findings of this study, it was found that direct transcranial electrical stimulation had an effect on brain-behavioral systems and dark personality traits of students with self-injurious behaviors.

Type 2 diabetes is considered as a predisposing factor for heart disease and has a major role in mortality due to cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was evaluating the effect of six weeks of endurance, resistance and combined training on changes in Bax and Bcl2 protein levels in the left ventricle of rats with type 2 diabetes.

32 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (N=7): control, endurance training, resistance training,  and combination training, and trained for six weeks. Diabetes was induced in rats by single dose injection of streptozotocin and Bax and Bcl2 protein levels were measured from the left ventricular tissue of rats by ELISA. Insulin levels, glucose levels and insulin resistance index were measured. To determine the significance of the differences between the research groups, one-way ANOVA statistical test was used at a significance level of p <0.05.

The results showed that there was a significant difference between the values of Bax protein in the left ventricle of diabetic Wistar rats in the exercise and control groups (p≤0.05). But there is no significant difference between training groups. Moreover , there is no significant difference between Bcl2 levels in cardiac tissue apoptosis in diabetic Wistar rats in exercise and control groups. There was a significant difference between insulin, glucose and insulin resistance levels in the training groups compared to the control group (p≤0.05).

It seems that 6 weeks of endurance, resistance training and especially combined Training improved glycemic index and reduced Bax protein levels compared to the untrained group but did not change Bcl2 protein levels. Therefore, it is better to consider and compare other training models in relation to cardiac apoptosis in diabetic rats.

Obesity is one of the biggest health barriers among women and modulating the levels of skeletal muscle-related growth factors in obese middle-aged women can improve muscle hypertrophy and reduces fat mass. The aim of this study was the comparison of the effect of eight weeks resistance training and electromyostimulation training on IGF1-r and irisin protein levels in middle-aged women.

The present study was a semi-experimental, pretest-posttest with a control group. The population of the present study Were formed by obese women in Rasht with an age range of 40 to 50 years. A total of 45 obese subjects in 3 groups of resistance training (n=15), electromyostimulation training (EMS) (n=15) and control (n=15) were prepared for the study. The subjects of the training groups did special exercises for 8 weeks. Western blotting technique was used to measure the expression of proteins and was measured in the histogenic laboratory of Fanavaran Pasargad.

The results of the present study showed that after eight weeks of training, in the expression of irisin protein after intervention, both resistance training and EMS training increased the expression of irisin protein compared to the control group, which was significantly higherin EMS training (p≤0.05). In the expression of IGF-1 protein after the intervention, both resistance training and EMS training increased the expression of IGF-1 protein compared to the control group.

Resistance exercise training and electromyostimulation training may be an effective way to improve protein levels associated with skeletal muscle growth in middle-aged women. In addition, the intervention of electromyostimulation training played a more colorful role in the expression of these proteins.

The existence of deviant behaviors in organizations reduces the effectiveness of the organization. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between professional ethics and job values with deviant organizational behaviors in health care network employees

In this descriptive-analytical study, 148 employees of health centers in Ardal city in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province in 2017 were randomly entered into the study and after obtaining informed consent, questionnaires were distributed among them. Data collection tools were three standard questionnaires of professional ethics, job values and deviant organizational behavior. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS 24 software and descriptive statistics, correlation and multivariate regression tests.

The mean score of professional ethics was 65.02 ±12.85, the mean score of job values was 72.04 ±15.44 and the mean score of deviant organizational behaviors was 42.02 ±12.02. The results of multivariate regression test showed that the variables of professional ethics (p = 0.006) and job values (p = 0.008) are predictors of deviant organizational behaviors and the variable of professional ethics is a stronger predictor. There was a strong and consistent relationship between the mean score of professional ethics and job values (r = 0.183) (p <0.05). There is a strong and inverse relationship between the mean score of organizational deviant behavior with professional ethics (r= -0. 402) and job values (r = -0. 09 ((p <0.05).

The results showed that it is expected to reduce the amount of deviant organizational behaviors in employees by promoting the professional ethics of employees and giving importance to job values.