فصلنامه مدیریت توسعه و تحول
پیاپی 46 (پاییز 1400)

Motivation is a vital element in human resource management. Therefore, today's managers need to understand the reasons why employees work so they can generate the motivation they need. The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors affecting the of public service motivation of employees of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences. This study is descriptive-survey in terms of data collection method. The standard questionnaire of Kim and Vandenabeele (2010), Hackman & Oldham (JDS) and a researcher-made questionnaire were used in this study. The survey was conducted in a community of 343 employees, with a sample of 180, according to Morgan's table. This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2018. Structural equation modeling (PLS) is used to answer the questions. Psychological conditions of the job had the most impact on the employees' job motivation and among the small variables, the feeling of satisfaction with the operation of public interest had the most impact and accepting responsibility for the results of the work had the least effect. Regarding the variables affecting the psychological conditions of the organization, the individual's sense of organization's norms has the highest and the individual's sense of organization's publicness has the least effect.

SummaryThe purposes of creating and developing free zones are increasing and developing exports, creating jobs, attracting domestic and foreign investment and technology transfer, increasing public revenues, increasing tourism, promoting the country's economic position and taking the advantages from a competitive economy. The main purpose of the current study is to identify and prioritize entrepreneurial competencies for starting business and work in the free zones of Iran. In this research, the descriptive method is applied based on the practical purposes and data is collected using survey. The statistical population is the managers of economic entities and entrepreneurs in free zones. A pairwise comparison questionnaire based on the identified criteria and sub-criteria was designed by the opinion of professors and experts in the field and then it was filled by the senior managers who are working in this realm. This research identified 20 sub-criteria related to three main factors including entrepreneurial competence, managerial competence and task competence derived from theoretical foundations and the literature. The results demonstrate that entrepreneurial competence is the most important factor with the highest weight among other main factors. Also, the entrepreneurial skills, market knowledge, and self-management have been determined as the most important sub-criteria respectively with the highest weight among other identified sub-criteria

AbstractThe present study by identifying and determining the drivers of complexity affecting the performance of complex government organizations, the researcher designed a paradigm model of complexity drivers and defines complex government organizations. To achieve this, it conducts research using a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. The researcher uses open source, axial and selective data method to analyze the interview data. To validate the initial model, the quantitative method "Content Validity Evaluation of CVR" has been used. After validation, 123 focal variables were identified in the form (causal conditions of 14 categories, phenomena 13, action / interaction 21, consequences 14, intervening conditions 39 and context 22 categories) with these drivers paradigm model of complexity drivers in evaluating the performance of organizations The Iranian government complex was designed. As can be seen in the research model, the focal categories of intervention conditions as drivers of legal complexity and the underlying categories of drivers as bedridden complexity drivers with the impact on the action / interaction and consequences of the model cause organizational performance complexity that should be evaluated. The performance of these organizations should be considered.

Various criteria have been introduced to evaluate the expected returns of companies, which are considered by investors and creditors. The purpose of this study is to compare the explanatory power of stock return models of companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange using conditional beta. For this purpose, the information of 161 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange from the beginning of 1394 to the end of 1398 was examined and tested. In this study, the explanatory power of 5-factor Fama French, Q-factor HXZ and 4-factor Carhart models was compared using conditional beta. Also, this study is descriptive-correlational in nature and time series regression has been used to estimate the models.The results showed that the explanatory power of the 5-factor model of Fama French using conditional beta is more than the 4-factor models of Carhart and the Q-factor of HXZ. Also, the use of GRS test, whose analysis is mainly based on the width of the origin of regressions, did not show a significant difference between the research models.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the degree of interaction between the learning organization and the teaching organization and also to investigate the relationship between the components of the teaching organization with the learning organization and the components of the learning organization with the teaching organization and the interaction between them. In this study, by studying related researches and using content analysis and interviews with experts in this field, first the effective dimensions and components of learner and teacher were identified, then a questionnaire with 60 items was prepared and after confirming its validity and reliability using Cronbach's alpha of the questionnaire, according to the statistical population of 55 people using Morgan table, was distributed online among 48 professors who had a doctorate in management. Learning and learner dimension variables were measured and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to match the quantitative data and Pearson correlation test was used to calculate the correlation between the variables. Findings showed that the highest interaction between teachable perspective and learning organization and team learning variable with teaching organization and the least interaction between learning organization with determination in decision making and teaching organization with mental models.

In today's business due to the complexity and involvement of multiple factors, one of the major challenges faced by manufacturers is the process of selecting the optimal materials to produce the product. Since the choice of materials has a very important effect on the stability of the final product, so applying an effective and efficient approach by identifying and applying effective indicators comprehensively can lead to increased producer and customer satisfaction. In this regard, in this study, a comprehensive approach was presented that uses powerful tools such as fuzzy Delphi, fuzzy hierarchical analysis and fuzzy waspas, and by surveying experts and using a questionnaire, selects the optimal materials from alternative options. Also, to evaluate the capability of the proposed approach, a real study was conducted to select the polymer materials of the car dashboard. Based on the results, the combination of polypropylene and talc was selected as the best option based on stable indices and related sub-indices. Then, sensitivity analysis based on different values of λ was performed to ensure the obtained results and the results of fuzzy waspas method were compared with the results of fuzzy TOPSIS method and the correlation of the results was confirmed.

Pleasure of organizational actors is a reflection of their pleasant experiences that are strongly influenced by their organizational beliefs and lack of it will lead to psychological destruction. The purpose of this article is to identify the behavior of Pleasure employees of cultural organizations based on the dimensions of their Believable and individual behavior, from the perspective of purpose, states the kind of application with a combined method of data collection, analytical strategy, and hermeneutics of phenomenology using open coding strategy. Quantitative sampling of the research phase was random and in the qualitative was purposeful based on the principles of data saturation and subject persuasion. Quantitative research tools were researcher-made Believable questionnaires, Minnesota Satisfaction Survey (2000), and Ashford and Black Dynamic Behavior. In the qualitative phase, a semi-open interview based on the neopositivist approach was used. Validity and reliability of quantitative research tools are desirable, And with the help of credibility, transfer, reliance, verification and delivery, the validity of qualitative phase tools was proved. Based on this, first, with the help of quantitative research tools, the samples were classified into 4 groups. Then, in the qualitative phase of the research, interviews were conducted with samples that best represented the characteristics of individuals in each class. Findings showed that Believable employees have self-esteem and extra-role behaviors, yet some groups have a strong tendency to isolate. Unbelieving employees, on the other hand, resort to defense mechanisms such as fragmentation, inversion, schizoid imagination, and suppression, while fearing surrender and belonging to the organization.

This research was conducted with a developmental-applied purpose and with a descriptive-analytical nature in order to identify, explain and measure the effective organizational characteristics in the formation and occurrence of political behaviors in government organizations in a combined (qualitative-quantitative) method. In the qualitative section, using Delphi method, 20 professors and scientific experts were selected as Delphi panels with a combined method of judgment- snowball and were surveyed with a researcher-made questionnaire that organizational components including performance appraisal system, payroll and reward system, Participation in decision making, policy making of managers, organizational justice, progress and promotion, resource scarcity, ambiguity in staff goals and strategy and tasks, organizational conflict and organizational structure were identified and explained. In the quantitative section, based on the results of the qualitative section, a researcher-made questionnaire was designed and distributed among 284 employees of the oil industry in Gachsaran region who were selected by simple random method. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling and the results showed that the above ten organizational components are significantly related to the formation of political behavior.

The purpose of conducting the research is to design a competency model for rural school leaders appropriate to the real situation of education, which was done by a mixed method. This qualitative research is based on data foundation theory and using a purposeful approach and applying theoretical saturation criteria, semi-structured interviews have been conducted with 21 experts. In open coding, a total of 684 open or primary codes were extracted from the total number of interviews conducted with experts in this field. From the total of open source, 112 basic concepts were extracted. In the next step, the basic concepts were classified into 22 coherent categories according to the aspects of similarity and semantic differentiation: causal conditions (institutionalizing the semantic position of leadership, correct understanding in recognizing the nature of leadership possibilities , Strengthening the contextual / thematic knowledge of leaders, Utilitarian selection of leaders), Phenomenon (content knowledge, leadership skills, leadership abilities, individual-personality competencies), Intervention conditions (continuous evaluation / performance of leaders, Weakness of sharing) ...), contextual conditions (specific policy in the field of educational leadership, leader as a leader - not an inspector), strategies (capacity building and participatory needs assessment, development - self-directed plans ...), consequences (leader as a facilitator, adjustment Teacher / school relations, justice and educational empowerment ...) have been analyzed.

The development of the entrepreneurial ecosystem is a new strategy in development theories for empowerment and capacity building to achieve sustainable development, which makes it possible to operate and diversify the income of border residents and the development of border areas. Obviously, the first step in implementing entrepreneurship development policies is to recognize the entrepreneurial ecosystem at different national and provincial levels and to identify bottlenecks that erode the country's competitive advantages. The main purpose of this study is to identify and prioritize the effective dimensions in the development of entrepreneurial ecosystem in the border provinces of Iran. This research is a qualitative research and research method, case study and how to collect data is a semi-structured in-depth study with experts. The method of analyzing the data obtained from the interviews is coded and the result of this coding is 7 dimensions and 66 components. To assess the validity of the research, a group of experts and the reliability of all stages were documented by several researchers. Finally, the effective dimensions in the development of entrepreneurial ecosystem in border provinces were prioritized using a hierarchical analysis process based on the technique of pairwise comparisons. The results showed that the effective dimensions in the entrepreneurial ecosystem of the border provinces of Iran in order of priority are: financial capital, politics, support, social capital, market, culture, human capital. Simultaneous attention to all aspects of the systemic approach leads to balanced and sustainable development of the entrepreneurial ecosystem in the border provinces.

Due to the importance of branding in educational services, the purpose of this study was to identify and explain the dimensions and components of branded elementary schools through interpretive modeling and structural equation modeling. The research method was mixed (qualitative and quantitative). In the qualitative part, the purposeful sampling method was saturated with 23 principals and teachers with experience in elementary school of Delijan city and in the quantitative part, one-stage cluster sampling method was used. Elementary school principals and teachers were selected based on Cochran sample size formula. The research tools in the qualitative part were in-depth interviews and in the quantitative part the questionnaires were extracted from the themes obtained from the interviews. Open, axial and selective content analysis and coding have been used to analyze the information in the qualitative section, and in the quantitative part of the structural equations and confirmatory factor analysis model have been used. In general, the results showed that, based on the codes given, seven dimensions and components were extracted so that in the human dimension, experienced staff and their psychological characteristics - in social dimension, social validity - in Educational dimension, Curriculum, Physical dimension, Physical and school facilities; Educational, Cultural and educational programs; Health, Health care and Technology, Electronic system, Perception brand Elementary schools are influential. The model was quantitatively fitted as well, accounting for 84.15% of the perceived brand.

regarding the broad effects of personal factors related to political behavior as well as organizational silence in the management of political behavior of bank personnel, discovering complex relationships between individual factors and organizational silence with management of political behavior in the banking system can reveal the importance and necessity of carrying out such research. the aim study is to investigate the relationship between individual factors and management of political behavior in the banking system according to the role of mediating role in the central bank of islamic republic of iran. the purpose of this research is the practical purpose and then how data collection and work method are among the descriptive - survey research. for this purpose, three questionnaire management questionnaire, individual factors and organizational silence were constructed to collect data. according to cochran s formula, 356 employees of the central bank of iran were determined and selected by random sampling. to analyze the data from the statistical methods and test of single - sample t - sample t test, structural equation modeling of اس software and amos is used. the results show that individual factors have a direct and meaningful relation with management of political behavior and there is a negative and significant relationship with organizational silence, as well as organizational silence with management of political behavior. the results show that one of the most common approaches in management of political behavior is individual factors. The success of each organization depends on the appropriate allocation of instruments, equipment, money