نشریه پرستاری و مامایی ارومیه
سال نوزدهم شماره 8 (پیاپی 145، آبان 1400)

The normal cognitive status of a person is impaired with age and in patients admitted to the ICU, this disorder causes severe complications such as delirium. Active participation of the family can be one of the factors affecting the cognitive status of patients admitted to ICU. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of family involvement on the cognitive status of patients admitted to the ICU of Khoy hospitals.

This study was performed as an experimental intervention by random sampling using a two-week time block method on 60 patients admitted to the ICU of Khoy hospitals. In the intervention group, the effect of family participation for three days with a scheduled appointment in the morning and the evening on the cognitive status of patients admitted to the ICU was assessed. In the control group, the normal ward care was performed. The RASS scale was used to assess the level of agitation-sedation and the MMSE scale was used to determine the cognitive status. Data was analyzed using SPSS software version 17.

The results showed that the two groups were completely identical, and there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of age, sex, and education. The interaction effect of time and intervention on the mean scores of restlessness - drowsiness over time was significant (p <0.05) and the total score of MMSE criterion increased in the intervention group (23.40) compared to the control group (22.30) which was not statistically significant (p <0.05)

According to the findings of the study, by increasing the number of visit days, the patients' cognitive status improved compared to before the intervention. Therefore, family involvement can be an effective and low-cost non-pharmacological method to prevent cognitive impairment and severe delirium in ICU patients.

Research shows that coronary heart disease is one of the main causes of death and disability in the world which reduces the useful efficacy of people. According to the literature review, mental factors can influence many aspects of life. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of emotion regulation training on reducing chronic pain, resilience, and self-care in patients with coronary artery occlusion.

The research design was quasi-experimental pretest-posttest with a control group. The statistical population in this study includes all women with coronary artery occlusion who were referred to Tabriz Heart Hospital in the first half of 2021. After reviewing the clinical interview, women with the criteria to enter the study were determined, selected, and randomly assigned to experimental group (n = 15) and control group (n = 15). Data were collected using the Van Korf et al. Chronic Pain Scale, the Connor & Davidson Resilience Questionnaire, and the Rigel et al. Self-Care Scale. Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance.

The results showed that emotion regulation training has an effect on chronic pain, resilience, and self-care of patients with coronary artery occlusion (p <0.001). In fact, emotion regulation training reduces chronic pain and improves resilience and self-care in patients.

Paying attention to emotion regulation plays an important role in reducing the psychological problems of patients with coronary artery occlusion.

The process of motherhood affects the marital relationship and the mother's attachment to the fetus. Therefore, the present study was designed and conducted to determine the quality of marital relationship and its relationship with maternal-fetal attachment in wanted and unwanted pregnancies.

This descriptive-analytical comparative study was performed on 150 mothers with wanted and unwanted pregnancies referred to health centers in Zanjan in 2017. Data collection tools included demographic information checklist, Glasser Marital Relationship Quality Questionnaire, and Cranley Fetal Attachment Questionnaire (CMFAS). Data were analyzed by appropriate statistical tests (ANOVA, Kruskal–Wallis, Chi-Square, Spearman, Pearson) using SPSS 16 software.

The total score of marital destructive behaviors in wanted pregnancies was lower than unintended and unwanted pregnancies (p˂0.001), results show that the quality of marital relations was favorable. The total score of maternal -fetal attachment in wanted pregnancies was higher than unintended and unwanted pregnancies and this difference between the groups was statistically significant (p˂0.001). There was also an inverse relationship between destructive behaviors of marriage and maternal attachment to the fetus in all three groups of wanted pregnancy (r=-0.98, p = 0.49), unintended pregnancy (r = -0.341, p ˂0.001), and unwanted pregnancy (r=-0.456, p = 0.015).

Reducing the destructive behaviors of marriage can lead to an increase in the mother's attachment to the fetus in unwanted pregnancies and consequently improve the mother and child's mental health.

Complications of exposure to second-hand smoke (SHS) are known to affect the health of pregnant women and fetus and it requires designing interventions to reduce the exposure of pregnant women to smoke. This study, therefore, aimed to examine the effect of couples' motivational interview in pregnancy on men's smoking at home.

The present study is a clinical trial study. 112 couples (56 non-smoking pregnant women with smoking spouses) enrolled in the study. Sampling was performed in several steps. First, according to the social, economic, and cultural conditions of the city, Urmia was divided into three sections, and two comprehensive health centers were randomly selected from each section. Blocked randomization method was used for random allocation in control and intervention groups. The motivational interview was conducted in 5 sessions of 60 minutes twice a week for intervention group. Individuals in both groups completed a demographic and smoking behavior questionnaire. The control group received routine prenatal care. Post-test was performed in the control and intervention groups 7 days and 30 days after the intervention. Data were analyzed by parametric and non-parametric tests and repeated measures in SPSS software version 20.

One hundred two couples completed the study. Mean smoking in the last week by the spouse, before, one week, and one month after the intervention were (70-172/5) 110, (40-135/5) 70, and (46-122/5)69.50 cigarettes, respectively. The results showed that these changes were statistically significant (p <0.001).

Couples' motivational interviews can be used to reduce smoking by the spouse, and ultimately this behavior change reduces the pregnant mother's exposure to secondhand smoke.

Burnout is a major social problem in the workplace. Burnout of midwives threatens the health of this group of medical professionals and reduces the quality and quantity of services provided by them. Since planning effective measures to reduce this problem requires the identification of related factors, this study was conducted to investigate the relationship between burnout and structural empowerment among midwives.

This cross‑sectional descriptive correlational study was conducted on 282 midwives working in labor wards of hospitals in Isfahan (Iran) from December 6, 2017 to March 31, 2018. Convenience Sampling was used. To collect information, conditions for work effectiveness Questionnaire (CWEQ) and Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) were used. Partial correlation and regression analysis were used to analyze the data.

In this study, there were significant inverse correlations between the structural empowerment and two domains of job burnout (emotional exhaustion and personal accomplishment (r = - 0.16, p = 0.02; r = - 0.21, p < 0.001). Linear regression analysis showed that domains of structural empowerment were significant predictors of the variance of job burnout in the emotional exhaustion and personal accomplishment domains. (R2 = 0.08, p = 0.03, R2 = 0.15, p < 0.001)

Structural empowerment can be associated with reduction of burnout. Providing transparent and complete information, providing the necessary support and sufficient resources and also strengthening the organizational position of midwives can provide the structural empowerment of midwives' work environments and reduce their burnout.

Self-control means having control over behavior, feeling, and impulses despite the presence of arousal for action. Tolerance for failure is an ability to resist frustration without damaging biological and psychological adjustment. Studies have indicated that self-control and tolerance for failure influence mental health. The purpose of this study was to determine self-control and tolerance for failure among the students of Urmia University of Medical Sciences.

In this descriptive study, 340 students were selected through a convenient sampling method from Urmia University of Medical Sciences in 2021. They completed demographic characteristics form (sex, age group, academic subject), frustration tolerance, and self-control scales. Data were analyzed through descriptive and inferential (variance analysis and t-test) statistical methods (SPSS 24).

Results showed that 27 students (%7.9),118 students (%34.7), 129 students (%37.9), 56 students (%16.5), and 10 students (%2.9) have very high, high, moderate, low, and very low frustration tolerance, respectively. Also, 8 students (%2.4), 219 students (%64.4), and 113 students (%33.2) have low, moderate, and high self-control, respectively. In this study, sex, age group, and the academic subject had no significant effect on frustration tolerance and self-control of the students (p>0.05).

According to the results, it could be concluded that a remarkable number of the students have a moderate level of self-control and tolerance for failure. It seems that psychological interventions could be given to reinforce self-control and tolerance of frustration and to improve mental health in the students.

Preeclampsia accounts for about 14% of maternal mortality in Iran and its occurrence may be related to many factors. The aim of this study was to determine some predictive factors in the incidence of preeclampsia.

In this cross-sectional study, 240 patients with preeclampsia and eclampsia who were admitted to the gynecology ward of Iran Iranshahr Hospital in 2018 were examined in terms of prevalence, delivery season, age, maternal blood group, white blood cell count, maternal platelets, sex, and fetal blood group. Data were analyzed using SPSS 16 statistical software through descriptive test, chi-square test, ANOVA, and rank regression.

In this study, the prevalence of preeclampsia was 1.96%. The rate of preeclampsia in spring was significantly different compared to summer and autumn. There was a significant relationship between the increase in white blood cells and preeclampsia. There was no significant relationship between preeclampsia and maternal age, maternal blood group, platelets, blood type, and infant sex.

The prevalence of preeclampsia is higher in spring and lower in summer and is associated with white blood cell count.

Regarding the role of nurses in the health system and the system of medical care and the need for job motivation in them, this research was conducted with the aim of explaining the nurses' job motivation based on satisfaction of basic psychological needs at the workplace.

This research was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population included all nurses working in teaching hospitals affiliated to Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences in Sanandaj city. A sample of 330 students was selected by cluster random sampling method and responded to the Hackman and Aldhamam Job Motivation Questionnaire (1975) and the Basic Psychological Needs Questionnaire (Gardia, Desi and Ryan, 2000). The obtained data were analyzed by SPSS.23 and Lisrel 8.8, using Pearson’s correlation and structural equations.

The results of the correlation coefficient showed that there is a meaningful relation between basic psychological needs and job motivation. Also, there is a positive and significant relationship between the components of basic psychological needs, competency and autonomy components with job motivation (p <0.01). However, there is not a significant relationship between affiliation and job motivation (p <0.05). Also, the results of structural equations showed a significant relationship between the basic psychological needs and job motivation.

Providing basic psychological needs of nurses by responding to their basic needs increases the feeling of pleasure and motivation in them. So by meeting the basic psychological needs, we can expect job motivation in nurses and they perform their duties with better efficiency and performance.