نشریه دولت پژوهی ایران معاصر
سال هفتم شماره 3 (پاییز 1400)

Syria is one of the most important and influential countries in the analysis of regional equations. This country is very important in shaping the policies and strategies of other regional countries, especially between the governments of Iran and Turkey. This importance and the formation of political confrontations during the time of Syria involved in the terrorist (2019-2012) is much greater, larger and more clearly visible. This study seeks to answer the question of what are the policy strategies of Iran and Turkey to increase role-playing in the Syrian crisis? Research methods, discourse analysis and research tools include spoken and written texts. The statistical population of the research is divided into two parts: documentary (written) and field (spoken). In the documentary section of researchers from the most up-to-date and reliable sources and texts available, and in the field section, interviews with 11 experts have been conducted. The findings indicated that Turkey's main policy strategies in Syria are "support for the Muslim Brotherhood and Sunnis", "control and exploitation of regional crises" and "support for terrorist groups and the Syrian opposition". "In various ways" and in contrast to the main policy strategies of Iran in Syria, "bringing together all the strength and power of the resistance forces in the region to support the central government of Syria," "trying to maintain and improve the position of Shiites in the region," "Strengthening strategic relations between Iran and Syria", "Expanding regional and international diplomacy and consultations to provide the necessary support for the survival of the Syrian central government", "Active presence on the Syrian internal struggle front in support of the Syrian central government (from It is a way of confronting various enemies, including Takfiri, Salafi and terrorist movements, as well as the actions of the governments of Saudi Arabia, and Arab countries, the Zionist regime.

The Islamic Revolution of Iran under the leadership of Imam Khomeini (RA) entered into a full-fledged and strategic challenge with rival organizations and parties due to following the principles and foundations of the Shiite and Ahl al-Bayt (AS) schools. One of these organizations is the People's Mojahedin Organization (MKO) with eclectic principles and foundations, which was established in the 1340s by three members of the student branch of the 'Freedom Movement'. From the very beginning, this organization claimed to save Iran from the yoke of American imperialism and its internal allies (the Pahlavi regime) by resorting to armed struggle. This terrorist organization has been an enemy of the Islamic revolution and principle of velayet- faqih for five decades despite all the ups and downs of its activities. The long-standing conflict between the Mojahedin Khalq Organization (MKO) and the Islamic Revolution led by Imam Khomeini is in the religious, political, social and cultural fields. In the field of belief, non-belief in the universality of the principles and foundations of Islam and eclecticism with Marxist principles and foundations and 'confiscation of the desirable' Islamic concepts and values in order to cover and camouflage Marxist infidelity and atheism. In the political sphere, dependence on foreign and imported Marxist models. In the cultural and social context, disbelief in the real role of the masses in the process of revolutionary change.

The Islamic Revolution The extension of the Revolution of Pure Islam was a divine miracle in the contemporary century in which there was and will be hope for the establishment of divine sovereignty through honoring the oppressed in the world and the destruction of the oppressors. The ideal and the highest goal of this pure Islamic revolution is to create a new Islamic civilization for the rising of the sun of the great province of Wahna Fada, which was repeated by its leader, the Supreme Leader of the Islamic Revolution, on the eve of the second step of the revolution. Achieving the mission of Islamic civilization requires recognizing the concepts, stages and ways to achieve it, and this requires scientific and study efforts, and how much better to explain and recognize the concepts of this mission from the Islamic authority, i.e. the Qur'an and the expression of revolutionary commentators. This article, while reviewing the semantics, examines the angles of Islamic civilization from the perspective of Ayatollah Khamenei and Grand Ayatollah Javadi Amoli, who will introduce civilization as a comprehensive development and civilization in contrast to the material civilization of the West and examine the pillars of Islamic civilization. The present research is analytical and descriptive with the method of collecting library and documentary information.

The rapid re-emergence of the Taliban has led to differing views in political-security circles. The group's ethnic and ideological thinking and its previous actions in the 1990s led some local thinkers to see the re-emergence of the Taliban in 2021 as an opportunity and another faction as a threat to Iran. The purpose of this article is to enumerate the threats and opportunities for the Taliban to regain power over the national security of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The present study was conducted based on a mixed strategy and descriptive-analytical method using recording tools, interviews and a researcher-made questionnaire. The statistical population includes 130 experts in political science and national security of Tehran universities and the statistical sample is 97 people. The results of the interviews and theoretical foundations have led to the identification of 36 indicators of the re-emergence of the Taliban. After determining the validity, the questionnaire was reduced to 22 indicators. Cronbach's alpha coefficient value / 91. Obtained. After analyzing the data using the Friedman analysis of variance statistical test, the findings indicate that the re-empowerment of the Taliban due to the exponential impact on ethnic and ideological thought in the eastern regions of the country, the national security of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Finally, the possible restriction of the activities of Salafi-Takfiri groups in Pakistan, the terrorist group ISIS and its affiliates, including the Islamic State of Khorasan (Dakh), have been named as the most important security opportunities of the Islamic Republic of Iran.