نشریه پژوهش ملل
پیاپی 73 (اسفند 1400)

The goals of the general policies of the Iranian resistance economy are to ensure dynamic growth, to improve the indicators of economic resistance and to achieve the goals of the Iran’s Vision Document. This policy was announced to the executive, legislative and judicial branches by the Supreme Leader of Iran in late February 2014, in response to the unilateral US sanctions against the Islamic Republic of Iran. On the other hand, in the executive sphere, the government set up a headquarters called the Headquarters for Leadership and Management of the Resistance Economy, headed by the First Vice President. This headquarters was renamed as the Command Headquarters of Resistance Economy, following the emphasis of the Supreme Leader. But the important point is why, despite the necessary legal infrastructure to implement the laws and regulations of the resistance economy, the main economic problems are still observed in the economic field and the policies of the resistance economy have not been implemented based on its goals and perspectives? Accordingly, and given the importance of the issue, in this article, we assumed that the most important obstacles in this regard are related to the non-adoption and non-implementation of appropriate policies in the field of resistance economy policies, and we have tried to collect the required data through field studies and in the theoretical framework of economic policy models with qualitative and analytical methods to calculate the desired results with the aim of providing solutions and policy recommendations.

In recent decades, the vast majority of armed conflicts have often taken place within the internal sphere of one state, rather than being related to the geographical scope of several states. The UN Security Council, which has the primary responsibility for maintaining international peace and security in accordance with the Charter, and the end of the Cold War marks a turning point in the Council's approach in this regard. Condemning the actions of the parties to the conflict, UN peacekeeping operations, its role in the development of customary international humanitarian law, and the establishment of international tribunals are some of the activities of the UN Security Council under Chapter VII of the Charter. This article, with an analytical-descriptive approach, while describing the actions of the Security Council and in answering the question that how these actions have contributed to the development of the law of non-international armed conflict, assumes that although the actions of this council have contributed to the development of this field, the activities of this organ, both in the field of legislation and legal practices and in the creation of international customs, have faced opposing views and have had a volatile trend in the interactions of its political and dusty atmosphere.

Insurance is considered as one of the most important and effective sectors of the country's economy. The supplementary insurance system has been introduced in order to create diversity in financial institutions and to attract Muslims in order to eliminate the doubts raised by Muslim jurists and also to attract capital. Iran has benefited from Islamic banking for more than two decades, but in the insurance industry it still uses the conventional insurance model in the world. Since every financial plan must be examined both in terms of being Islamic and in terms of efficiency, this article has expressed its effectiveness. Examining the pathology of Takaful insurance system policy in Iran insurance industry and its impact on the economic development of the country using the social theory model, the question arises as to what extent the Takaful insurance system can increase the insurance penetration rate in the country. Be effective in Iran's economic development? It seems that Takaful insurance can be effective as a complementary and non-alternative insurance in the country's insurance industry and have a positive effect on Iran's economic development in competition with Islamic and European countries. In this regard, the findings show that the supplementary insurance system can be used to some extent as a complement to conventional insurance in the insurance industry in Iran, and given that the social and economic security of the Muslim nation requires an alternative insurance model that Approved by the Qur'an and Sunnah, they must be relatively safe in the face of unforeseen risks or catastrophes.

The process of state-nationalization is not a new issue, but it was not developed in developing countries during the years of World War II onwards, and became widespread in the Third World. Countries that do not have a single, strong central government have always been a threat to world security and can be a good safe haven for the growth of terrorism and international terrorism. Afghanistan, as a collapsed country after the Taliban regime between 1996 and 2001 and after the withdrawal of US troops in 2021 and the collapse of the Afghan government and the re-establishment of the Taliban, was no exception to this rule. Therefore, in this article, the method of data collection is library and an attempt has been made to examine the role of the Taliban government in nation-building after the 2021 developments in Afghanistan. From the available studies and evidence, it can be concluded that due to the presence of the United States and NATO countries in the region for two decades and the numerous conflicts with the Taliban and al-Qaeda, as well as traditional ideas, fear of austerity and punishment. The Taliban's ethnicity and the public's distrust of the Americans have always posed a number of challenges to the nation-state process, leading to another Taliban dictatorship.

In 2019, the coronavirus (Covid-19) was detected in Wuhan, China, and quickly spread to all countries. The countries involved tried different ways to fight the virus, and Turkey is one of them. The purpose of this article is to show how the Turkish government has managed to counter the virus by implementing policies and preventing the situation from deteriorating in the country. Policy review can be used as a model for other countries to combat the corona pandemic. are explained. The research strategy is deductive, applied case and statistic. The theoretical framework includes institutional and psychological factors, which in this section examines the institutional factors and psychological factors. The findings show that increasing government power and reducing administrative bureaucracy to increase closures and withdrawals from development funds to import medical supplies and government use of social, political and religious organizations can have beneficial effects on to have the direction of confronting the corona.

The present article seeks to make a comparative study of the legal, jurisprudential and ethical foundations of euthanasia in Iranian and Swiss law. From this perspective, after expanding the conceptual space of the subject and expressing its problematic aspect, it will examine the importance of the legal, jurisprudential and ethical foundations of euthanasia. According to the documents presented in this article, the research method is comparative and the data collection method is library-based. The question then arises that what are the differences in Iranian and Swiss law in terms of legal, jurisprudential and ethical foundations of euthanasia? The findings of this study indicate that in Iran, unlike in Switzerland, euthanasia is considered ethically wrong and contrary to public order, good morals and the religion of Islam, and it is also considered premeditated murder, and the person who commits this act will be punished according to the spirit of other provisions in the Penal Code. Finally, the findings show that the lack of independent legal provisions on euthanasia - similar to those in Switzerland – in Iranian law is not without its flaws. Therefore, in this regard, it is suggested that the Iranian legislature legislate in relation to euthanasia and devote an independent topic to it, which, if done, can eliminate a lot of legal confusion related to this issue.