فصلنامه فرایند مدیریت و توسعه
سال سی و چهارم شماره 2 (پیاپی 116، تابستان 1400)

Urban entrepreneurship can deal with urbanization challenges by identifying, assessing and utilizing urban opportunities. This study aims to develop a model for urban entrepreneurship in Iran by identifying the effective factors, considering the contextual effects and role of the mediating variables.

Regarding the nature of the data, it was a mixed research. In the qualitative section, the statistical population was comprised of 50 mega and big cities with a population of over 200,000 each. Data were collected through theoretical foundations and a focus group made up of experts with whom qualitative interviews were administered. In the quantitative section, the statistical population included managers, deputies, and employees of the selected government, private and non-governmental organizations. The approach of the research was deductive and the time span of data gathering was cross-sectional from 2017 to 2018. Data were collected through questionnaires and Fazzi conclusion system was employed to design the quantitative model.

Creative city, entrepreneurial eco-system and entrepreneurial production/services conditions affect urban entrepreneurship. Moreover, the negative moderating role of urban population density variable and that of the positive environmental complexity variable in the relation between independent variables and urban entrepreneurship is explained. It is worth mentioning that the variables of urban competition and urban entrepreneurial reactionism do not play any mediating role in the environmental conditions of the Iranian mega and big cities.

This research aims to identify and categorize the implementation challenges of development policies in Iran. Policy implementation is one of the most important steps in the policy-making process, which highlights the results of the previous steps in order to optimize the output and results of the policies. 

Using thematic analysis method, the research data were analyzed by open and axial coding. Purposive sampling was used and data included scientific articles as well as reports of organizations and research centers related to the implementation of development policies, which were collected by applying a documentary method. Besides, data source triangulation and researcher triangulation were used for coding the data and categorizing the concepts. 

Results of the two stages of data coding show that the challenges of development policies implementation in Iran can be categorized into five themes: 1. nature of the formulated policies, 2. characteristics of the implementers, 3. structures and administrating organizations, 4. conditions and environment of implementation, 5. implementation sources and tools. The identification of the challenges of implementing development policies in Iran can help Iranian policy makers and managers take them in their future policy-making so that they may avoid the imminent problems.

The use of qualitative method of thematic analysis and a wide range of data sources has led to the presentation of a new classification of implementation challenges of development policies in Iran, which covers different aspects of policy implementation.

The spread of internet and social networks has increased the number and speed of online rumors. In order to take more effective measures to deal with the negative effects of rumors, researchers and organizations must be aware of the main mechanism of online rumor transmission. This study is performed to investigate the employees’ information exchanges in virtual groups and their belief in rumors and their dissemination in cyberspace according to the information waterfall approach and group polarization. 

In order to collect data, survey method and data analysis of correlation type were used. The statistical population of the study included the managers and employees of Hamedan Products Distribution Unit of the Oil Company, from among whom a sample size of 236 were determined. 

The results of path analysis show that the volume of arguments has a positive and significant effect on consistency with the arguments. Consistency with arguments has a positive and significant effect on the change of belief caused by arguments. The volume of arguments and consistency both have a positive and significant effect on belief in rumors.  Change in belief resulting from arguments and belief in rumors respectively affect belief in rumors and intention to disseminate rumors positively and significantly. Consistency with arguments plays a mediating role in the relationship between the  volume of arguments and belief in rumors. Argument-induced change in belief plays a mediating role in the relationship between consistency with arguments and belief in rumors. Rumor anxiety plays a moderating role in the relationship between belief in rumors and intention to spread rumors.

This study is to identify the factors affecting the quality of work-life and to evaluate their importance from the perspective of different personality types in government organizations.

The research was mixed in terms of the applied purpose and data nature. In the qualitative section, the statistical population included academic and organizational experts in the field of public administration, and the relevant data were obtained through a review of theoretical foundations and through Delphi technique teamed by a group of these experts. In the quantitative part, the statistical population included managers, deputies and employees of government organizations, and the data were collected by applying a questionnaire. In order to identify the factors, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were used so that the validity of the relations among factors and indexes could be assessed.

Six social, cultural, psychological, economic, structural and managerial dimensions are identified and prioritized based on personality types. In the personality type of high openness, the cultural dimension and the component of work ethics fall into the first rank but in the personality types of high neuroticism, extroverted, responsible (conscientious), high temperament, the social dimension and the component of work-life relationship fall into the first rank.

The purpose of this study is to develop a model for the successful implementation of public policy in state-owned, project-based oil companies in Iran.

This research was a qualitative study in terms of methodology. Also, since it intended to provide a model for the implementation of public policies in such companies in Iran, it was considered to be an exploratory research. The statistical population of the study included senior managers of Iranian state project-oriented companies active in the field of oil and gas as well as university professors in the field of policy-making. The size of the research sample was determined by snowball method and interview was used to collect the required data.

Results show that successful implementation of public policy can be measured in the light of such criteria as efficiency, effectiveness, meeting expectations, adequacy in problem solving, justice distribution, and adaptation to the conditions of the oil industry.
Value: According to the acquired framework, three clusters of variables were identified under the headings of causal, intervening, and underlying factors, which strongly influence the successful implementation of public policies.

The acquired framework indicates that the successful implementation of public policies leads to increased public trust and satisfaction as well as promotion of corporate legitimacy among stakeholders.

Contrary to the popular belief that workplace deviations are specific to laborers, they also exist in knowledge environments and manifest themselves in specific ways in knowledge-based companies. Refusing to participate in teamwork and sharing knowledge gained from costly research and development activities are examples of these deviant behaviors. This study intends to investigate into the effects of expertise monopoly on workplace deviations with regard to the intervening role of knowledge concealment as well as the mediating role of teamwork motivation.

Based on its purpose, this study is applied and from the perspective of data collection and analysis, it was descriptive applying field-causal method. The statistical population consisted of all managers and specialists of knowledge-based companies located in Tehran Science and Technology Park. Using stratified-random sampling method, 220 subjects were selected as the sample. Data were analyzed through structural equation modeling with partial least squares approach.

Results show that expertise monopoly through the intervening variable of knowledge concealment positively and significantly affects interpersonal and organizational deviations. Besides, teamwork motivation moderates the effects of employees’ expertise monopoly on knowledge concealment.  

Results of this study can be very effective in developing knowledge sharing strategies to reduce retaliatory behaviors of employees in the workplace.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the case of a privatized manufacturing company assigned under Article 44 of the Constitution, which after privatization entered a crisis for various reasons and caused numerous security and social challenges.

The research applied critical ethnography using the Carspecken method, based on which the researcher studied the company in detail for a period over a year long.

Findings show that there are some tricky ways open to certain individuals to include a certain company in the list of companies to be privatized. This inclusion is a tricky process planned and monitored long enough before the actual privatization is implemented and it is basically meant to bring about illegitimate profits for the people involved.  When the privatization is realized, crisis opens up due to mismanagement which supports special,  non-productive interests of the new owners. Then it becomes clear that such companies not only do not help resolve the crisis, but also increase the dimensions of the crisis and in fact they themselves become a challenging factor to intensify tension among the companies involved.

For the first time in Iran, this study tried to evaluate precisely and analytically the performance of a privatized company and pinpoint the problems it is faced with. It also clearly presents solutions to overcome such a challenge.
Recommendations: The results and suggestions of this study provide a good platform to prevent corrupt privatizations; in addition, it helps companies involved in such crises find ways out of them.