مجله دانشکده پرستاری ارتش
سال بیست و یکم شماره 2 (پیاپی 41، زمستان 1400)

In crisis situations, diabetic patients need special attention in the stages of planning, reaction and disaster recovery. Therefore, this paper reviews the aim of management of diabetes in crisis with emphasis on self - care education.

This study is a review article, using various sources of library and search in Persian and English sources with the key words of Diabetes, Crisis, Self - Care and training in the PubMed, Sid, Scopus, Iran ‘s database and magiran were carried out.

On the following days of a Crisis, Disturbance in health care, lack of ability to monitor glucose, poor nutrition, limited physical activity, damaged or lost drugs, lack of ability to maintain insulin due to outages are among the major problems for diabetic patients. In order to correct management of diabetes in a crisis, there should be sufficient preparation for equipment, medicines and human resources. The psychological, physical, psychosocial and health aspects of diabetic patients should be considered during and after accidents. Also, lifelong care is important in health care and family members in crisis situations.
Discussion and

Paying attention to “Self-Care Education” is a very important option in order to reduce the acute complications of diabetes in disasters. It is suggested that written media should be designed, printed and distributed. Also, holding public gatherings and meetings with diabetic patients and their families with emphasis on condition management education in crisis is recommended.

Stress and anxiety are the most common psychiatric disorders in the most societies, including Iran. The use of non-pharmacological nursing interventions in this field is very important. One of these non-pharmacological methods is progressive muscle relaxation. This study aimed to evaluate and summarize the results of studies on the effect of progressive muscle relaxation on patients’ stress and anxiety.

In this review study, articles published between 2006 to 2021 were reviewed. A comprehensive search in both Persian and English using the keywords such as “stress”, “anxiety”, “progressive muscle relaxation”, “non-pharmacological interventions” in the electronic databases of the SID, Magiran, IranMedex, PubMed, Science Direct, Elsevier, ProQuest, and Google Scholar search engine was conducted. A total of 1269 articles were found, which were omitted based on the title and abstract, and 19 articles were extracted, reviewed and summarized. Finally, 194 articles were found that 20 articles were extracted, reviewed, and summarized.

The results showed that progressive muscle relaxation intervention reduces stress and anxiety in patients with Covid-19, multiple sclerosis, cardiovascular disease, hemodialysis patients, cancer patients, and hypertension.
Discussion and

Due to the effectiveness of progressive muscle relaxation in reducing and controlling stress and anxiety in various diseases, it is recommended that nurses use this simple, uncomplicated, inexpensive, and effective non-pharmacological intervention.

Increasing prevalence of hypertension patients consider as a big problem in field of health in the world. It seems that mobile-based software can improve the blood pressure of patients with it. The purpose of this review study was to provide a regular summary of recent studies on the effect of mobile based educational software on improving blood pressure management in hypertensive patients.

In this review study, English and Persian articles based on the research purpose were compiled from PubMed, Google Scholar, Iran Doc, SID and Science Direct databases from 2009 to 2019.

Review of the literature showed that there have been few studies investigating the effect of mobile-based educational software on blood press in hypertensive patients. The results of all studies have shown the positive effect of mobile-based educational software on blood pressure in hypertensive patients.

Discussion & Conclusion:

According to the limited number of studies and the importance of decreasing blood pressure in patients, further studies on the use of mobile-based software on the quality of life of patients with hypertension seems necessary.

Introduction:

Patient safety is an important health strategy. Therefore, it is important for nurses to safely inject principles. The purpose of this article is to provide a comprehensive overview of the researches done on the status of nurses’ performance regarding safe injection in Iran.

Materials & Methods:

This is a comprehensive review study. In order to find relevant studies, a search was conducted through Academic Jihad Scientific Database, Iranian Medical Science Database, English databases including Google Scholar, Medline, Scopus, Elsevier, PubMed, Science Direct Nurses ‘Performance and Safe Injection and Nurses’ Performance and Safety Injection were used without time limits.

Results:

Of the 56 papers obtained after a thorough review, 12 articles were selected. By studying these articles, it was found that unsafe injection methods, including preparation of contaminated medicines, contaminated needle contact, reuse of contaminated needles and syringes, improper disposal of sharp and window waste as an effective factor in transmitting diseases. Blood-borne diseases (hepatitis B, hepatitis C and AIDS) have been introduced. In most articles, the most dangerous unsafe injection that puts nurses at risk is contact with the infected needle head.

Discussion and Conclusion:

Overall, the results showed that there is no accurate and reliable information about the performance of nurses in safe injections in Iranian hospitals. Although most injections are in a relatively safe and safe range, they are expected to be fully complied with WHO guidelines that regard compliance with more than 90% of these standards. It is therefore recommended to consider supportive measures such as improving injection methods, modifying the work plan, planning training programs for the use of personal protective equipment and providing sufficient safety equipment for nurses.

Kidney failure and hemodialysis affect all aspects of these patients’ lives. Pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods are used to control the disease and alleviate its complications. One of these non-pharmacological methods is exercise. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of exercise activities on hemodialysis patients.

In this review study, articles published between 1390-1400 (2011-2021) were reviewed. In order to obtain relevant scientific documents, electronic search in both Persian and English using the Persian and English keywords Hemodialysis, exercise, physical exercise, non-pharmacological interventions in Databases SID, Magiran, IranMedex, Pubmed, Science Direct, Elsevier, ProQuest and Google Scholar and a total of 905 articles were found. 35 articles were extracted from them. Inclusion criteria included originality, writing in Persian and English, and compliance with the purpose of the study, and exclusion criteria included not having access to the full version of the article.

Studies have shown that different types of exercise such as strength training, resistance training, aerobic and anaerobic exercise, Otago, Tai Chi, Hatayoga and physical activity such as walking can improve quality of life, sleep quality, adequate dialysis and reduce fatigue, depression Anxiety and serum wastes are effective and are useful in controlling the disease.

Discussion and Conclusion:

According to the results of studies and the effectiveness of using various types of exercise, exercise and movement exercises in improving the adequacy of hemodialysis and quality of life and quality of sleep and reducing anxiety and fatigue in hemodialysis patients, it is recommended to help these patients Use this non-pharmacological intervention.

Moral sensitivity is the ability to evaluate the responses and feelings of others as well as the knowledge of how to act properly in a particular situation. Ethical sensitivity is the first step in making moral decisions. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the influential factors to increase the moral judgment of nurses. The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors affecting moral sensitivity.

This research is a narrative review study that were conducted by searching the articles in the SID information database, Iran Medex, Google scholar, PubMed, and Scopus. Articles were reviewed between 2000 and 2021. The keywords used in this study were Moral Sensitivity, Nurses, in Persian and English language. A total number of 33 articles were included in this study and reviewed. Finally 16 articles were thoughtfully evaluated.

The most important factors affecting nurses’ moral sensitivity include different types of intelligence including moral intelligence and individual intelligence, teaching the principles of professional ethics to nurses and the professional workplace of nurses. Demographic factors such as age, gender and education were demonstrated to be effective in some cases and some of the studies indicated demographic factors does not have relationship with moral sensitivity.

Discussion and Conclusion:

Considering that, moral sensitivity is the first step for moral decision-making and its distorting factors cause moral distress to nurses, identifying the affecting factors is necessary to increase the moral judgment of nurses. Health authorities should also apply the necessary measures to increase the moral sensitivity of nurses, such as continuous training and improving the status of nurses in stressful environments.

Sleep is one of the physiological needs of the body, if this need is not fully met, it can cause problems such as decreased concentration and efficiency, stress and inability to learn, which can negatively affect students’ academic performance. The aim of this study was to review the studies related to the effect of sleep disorders on academic performance of medical students.

The present article is a review study that uses the regular search of Internet resources in the authoritative databases of Elsevier, Pubmed, SID, Magiran, Science Direct between 2011 and 2021 with the keywords Persian and English sleep disorders. Academic Performance and Medical Students. A total of 55 articles were found, of which 15 studies remained and were reviewed after reviewing the titles and abstracts of the articles and removing duplicate and irrelevant articles.

Numerous studies show that having a good night’s sleep is one of the factors affecting students’ academic performance. Medical students have a variety of sleep disorders, including poor sleep quality, delayed sleep, reduced sleep duration, and daytime drowsiness, which have a negative effect on their academic performance.

Discussion and Conclusion:

Considering the effect of sleep disorders on the decline of students’ academic performance and also the important role of medical students in promoting and maintaining the health of society, it is necessary to identify and eliminate problems and issues affecting the mental and physical comfort of students and provide appropriate educational programs. Improved students’ academic achievement.

Nurses working in Covid-19 intensive care units may be at risk due to the specific conditions of the work environment and the type of patients. The lack of any definitive treatment or prevention of Covid-19 has put a lot of stress and anxiety on people, including nurses working in Covid-19 intensive care units. Nurses’ job anxiety has a negative effect on their performance. In this study, an overview of studies on the effect of training in the use of personal protective equipment on the level of job anxiety of nurses working in the intensive care unit of Covid-19 in hospitals, has been done.

This study uses the electronic resources of libraries, search engines and reputable databases such as: PubMed, SID, PMC, Google scholar, Science Direct, Scopus, Research Gate with the keywords “Education ( “Training”, “Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)”, “Job anxiety”, “Covid-19”, “Nurse” and “Intensive Care Unit” care unit (ICU) “was conducted among the articles from 2003 to 2021. The inclusion criteria were articles related to the subject of this article. A total of 20 articles were extracted and finally 17 articles were used.

A significant proportion of health workers have symptoms of anxiety, insomnia, depression and stress. Women are at greater risk for experiencing symptoms of severe anxiety. Nurses’ depression, anxiety and stress were moderate. Nurses who are in direct contact with patients infected with Covid-19 are more anxious than those who are not in direct contact with these patients. There is a significant inverse relationship between job stress and productivity of corona nurses. Job stress has a significant relationship with variables of gender, physical activity and employment status.

Discussion and Conclusion:

Ensuring proper mental health support for staff working in the care centers of patients with Covid-19 is one of the important components of health measures in the epidemic of this disease. Managers and health care organizations should provide adequate personal protective equipment for nurses, educate them on proper use, and monitor barrier resolution. Training and monitoring the adequacy of personal protective equipment is an essential component of a prevention program. Training nurses to deal with critical situations similar to Covid-19 and increase personal protective equipment can be effective in preventing nurses from developing depression, stress and anxiety.