مجله روان شناسی فرهنگی
سال پنجم شماره 2 (پاییز و زمستان 1400)

Description and identification Components of religious concepts is the first step in measurement and design applied packages based on them. The aim of this study is to extract the components of hope and to formulate its conceptual model from the verses of the Holy Quran. Inferential content analysis method was used to extract the components of the hope. The textual population includes Holy Quran and dictionaries and The textual sample includes all the verses with the word "Raja", "Yas",''Qanoot", and theys derivatives that have been purposefully selected. Findings showed that hope is an uncertain awareness in achieving the desired goals in the future and in addition to the confidence in the great external position, it indicates the current pleasant feeling Which provides sufficient motivation to take the necessary actions to achieve the goals. Hope in the verses of the Quran also have Four important characteristics: "purpose", "support", "causes of hope (material and metamaterial)", and "effort and endurance of hardships". Also, the psychological components of hope are: "Trust-creating agency", "causality-creating agency" and "power-creating agency". This study showed that with an interdisciplinary approach through psychological reading of Quranic verses, the concept of hope has a definition, three psychological components and a conceptual model.

Parasocial interaction is a concept used to explain how fans interact with celebrities. Meanwhile, source credibility and parasocial breakup can be different in distinct levels of parasocial interaction. In this causal-comparative study, the statistical population of the study consisted of high school students in district one of Rasht city during the academic year 2019-2020. Among them, 200 male and female students were selected by convenience sampling method. In order to collect data, the Celebrity Parasocial Interaction Scale (Bocarnea & Brown, 2007), Source Credibility Scale (Ohanian, 1990), and Parasocial Breakup Scale (Cohen, 2003) were used. Data were analyzed by SPSS24 software using multivariate analysis of variance. The results indicate adolescents with high level of parasocial interaction with their favorite celebrities got higher scores in source credibility and parasocial breakup compared to adolescents with low level of parasocial interaction with their favorite celebrities (p < 0/01). According to the results, at high levels of parasocial interaction, adolescents place a high value on their favorite celebrities and adolescents also experience more post breakup feelings and behaviors such as seeking information and discomfort in response to breakup. The present study highlights the importance of source credibility and parasocial breakup in development and maintain of parasocial interaction with favorite celebrity.

Marriage has always been one of the most important and Inseparable aspects of human life and has undergone various changes throughout history and is influenced by social, economic and cultural factors of societies. Today, marriage is seen in the lives of some students while studying. Therefore, understanding the lived experience of these people is needed in order to provide appropriate information to discover and examine the strengths and weaknesses and design appropriate and acceptable interventions. The aim of this study was to explain the lived experiences of students from the simultaneous study and marriage. In this qualitative study with phenomenological approach, 14 married students of the University of Tehran were selected to participate in the study by available sampling. To collect data, semi-structured interviews were used and then content analysis method was used to analyze the data. The results showed that the experience of "education at the same time as marriage" had four main categories including: prerequisites, positive dimensions and development, challenges and solutions. The results of the present study showed that the simultaneity of marriage and education has positive aspects that can be helpful and growth. On the other hand, this coincidence also includes challenges that couples' support for each other and the existence of a support network in their lives can reduce its difficulty and help young people to overcome problems and challenges.

The aim of this article is addressing the effect of cultural and linguistic familiarity with a text on the reading and listening comprehension and the duration of reading the text. In this study, Schema theory was adopted as a theoretical model which refers to our existing knowledge of the world. This theory was posed at first by Kant, but it was Bartlett who developed and applied it. According to schema theory, processing the text is facilitated by this existing knowledge accumulated in the mind of reader/listener (mental models). To do this, three texts of the 2021 IELTS READING RECENT ACTUAL TESTS book from the section of The history of woodland in Britain were given to three groups (control group, the group with any familiarity linguistic schemata of the texts, and the group familiar with cultural schemata of the texts), each comprised of 30 people. To investigate the effect of schemata on reading comprehension, listening comprehension and reading duration, and to compare these group to each other, the three groups participated in three tests. The results show that control group obtained lower score than the two other groups. The group that was familiar with linguistic schemata of texts got better score than the group familiar with cultural schemata of the text.

From the very beginning to the 6th century AH, Persian love poetry was largely devoted to sketching an earthly and objectivist love. In later periods when Persian poetry was influenced by mysticism, the earthly love was replaced by a heavenly and mystical love, and this conversion created crisis in the representation of such experiences, since mysticism was not well-equipped to capture general experience in clear words. Under such circumstances, the language of Persian love poetry was considered to be the closest poetic language for expressing the divine love. Therefore, for a long period, from the sixth century to the Constitutional era, Persian ghazals were influenced by mysticism, and even in the expression of earthly love, it was more influenced by literary tradition than the lived experience. The present article examines a contemporary ghazal, titled “Māh-o-Māhi” (“The moon and the goldfish”), by Alireza Badie', in order to reveal its intricate relationship with classical literary tradition and contemporary Iranian culture. The poem uses the semiotics of mystical poetry in order to express experiences of earthly love. It shows the continuation of an inveterate literary tradition and also mysticism in contemporary Iranian society.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of marital affairs based on interpersonal relationships and emotional self-regulation with the mediating role of self-esteem. The research method was correlation and the data collection method was survey. All married students in Tehran in 1398, the statistical population of the present study. The sample consisted of 391 married students who were selected by online and available survey. Data were collected through the Marriage Breach Attitude Questionnaire, Emotional Styles Questionnaire, Self-Esteem Questionnaire, and Interpersonal Relationships. Data were analyzed using multivariate regression analysis in SPSS software. The results of Pearson correlation coefficient showed that there is only a positive and significant relationship between the emotional style of tolerance and attitudes toward infidelity. There is also a positive and significant relationship between the desire for interpersonal relationships and self-esteem, but self-esteem has no mediating role in the relationship between the desire for interpersonal relationships of emotional styles and attitudes toward infidelity. As a result, psychologists can prevent contract breaches by teaching them how to manage interpersonal relationships and emotional self-regulation.

With the pervasiveness of psychological language for understanding individuals, critical reflection on it has come to the attention of thinkers. In the present study, using Stuart Hall's views, the representation of "human" in the form of two semantic systems of personality and self was considered. Therefore, the defended dissertations in the Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Tehran, were used. For this purpose, we used critical discourse analysis to extract the way of naturalizing and stereotyping. Therefore, out of 627 dissertations, about 170 dissertations were selected, which used the concepts of "personality" and "self" to refer to a human in their titles. Analyzing the content of dissertation titles in order to extract sitting the concepts together related to these two key concepts showed that we are facing two different semantic systems. First, since the late 1380s, the "Personality semantic system" has been declining and given way to its "Self semantic system". Second, in the Personality semantic system, we encounter trait as a biological concept, and in the Self semantic system, we encounter function and role as a cognitive-social concept. Then we tried to highlight the role of the cognitive science movement in this linguistic shift from a biological concept to a cognitive-social concept. We then turn to the similarities: Overall, reification-based approaches are the most important similarities between these two semantic systems for understanding human.

Today's knowledge-based management without borders, with a focus on learning and creative organizations, carries new and different messages to managers and employees in managing their career path, and Career development can affect employee motivation and organizational performance. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the mediating role of motivational orientation in the relationship between personality dimensions and borderless Careers. The present study was applied in terms of purpose, in terms of approach and nature of causal research, in terms of descriptive-survey data collection method and in terms of quantitative data type. The statistical population of the study included all employees of the University of Isfahan that 212 people were selected by available sampling method for the research. The research instruments included Button et al.'s questionnaire, Brisco et al.'s questionnaire and five neo-factors. Factor analysis and structural equation modeling were used to analyze the research data. Findings showed that personality had significant direct effect on career path without borders and motivational orientation. In addition, motivational orientation had a significant direct effect on the career path without borders and personality had a significant indirect effect on the career path without borders through motivational orientation. Thus, personality dimensions mediated motivational orientation and play an important role in borderless Careers.

Given that the population of the country is aging, the study of cognitive functions related to aging deserves attention. The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of metacognition in the relationship between mind wandering and cognitive failure. The research design was descriptive-correlational and statistical population consisted of all middle-aged in Shiraz in 2020. In order to collect data, questionnaires of mind wandering, metacognition and cognitive failure were used. The research sample was 228 middle-aged through online recall and via social network and were assessed with questionnaires of mind wandering, metacognition and cognitive failure were used. The results of data analysis showed that mind wandering has a significant positive relationship with metacognition and cognitive failure. There was a significant positive relationship between metacognition and cognitive failure. Also the results of path analysis indicated that metacognition has a mediating role in the relationship between and mind wandering and cognitive failure. Therefore, according to the results of the present study, by providing therapeutic interventions based on reducing mind wandering and negative metacognitive beliefs, the rate of cognitive failure in middle-aged people can be reduced and thus to prevent or control cognitive decline in middle age and elderly.

The research was administered with the aim of modeling job crafting based on psychological capital and career calling mediated by organizational support. The research method was correlation and the statistical population of the study was all employees of an Iranian holding, among them 293 persons were selected by non-randomly available methods. In this study, the job crafting questionnaires of Tims et al. (2012), the psychological capital of Luthans et al. (2007), the career calling of Dik et al. (2012) and the organizational support questionnaire of Eisenberger et al. (1986) were used. The data obtained from the questionnaires were analyzed using structural equation modeling in Amos software. The components of psychological capital, career callings and organizational support had a positive and significant correlation with the components of job crafting. The fit of the measurement model with the collected data was acceptable and the sum of the squares of multiple correlations for the job crafting variable was 0.62. Based on these findings, psychological capital and career calling and organizational support explained a total of 62% of the variance of job crafting. The results also show the direct effect of psychological capital and career calling and their indirect effect through organizational support on job crafting. According to the research findings, it can be concluded that by improving organizational support, career calling and psychological capital of employees upgrade the job crafting of employees.