مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی رفسنجان
سال بیست و یکم شماره 4 (پیاپی 159، تیر 1401)

Conduct disorder is one of the most common disorders in adolescence that is a risk factor for psychopathology in adulthood. The aim of this study was the causal modeling of conduct disorder signs based on childhood maltreatment and peer rejection with the mediating role of anger rumination.

In this descriptive-correlational study, the statistical population included all first and second periods of high school students in Urmia in the 2020-2021 academic year. Two hundred and twenty people were selected by multistage random sampling method and answered the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, Peer Social Rejection Scale, and Anger Rumination Scale. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling.

The results of structural equation modeling showed that the coefficients of direct path of childhood abuse
 (β=0.458, p<0.001) and anger rumination (β=0.240, p=0.012) to the signs of conduct disorder were significant. In addition, childhood maltreatment and peer rejection had an indirect effect on the signs of conduct disorder with the mediating role of anger rumination.

The results of this study reveal that childhood maltreatment and rumination of anger can be considered as risk factors for conduct disorder. Social rejection by peers also leads to conduct disorder with increased rumination of anger. These results can be used in designing preventive and intervensional programs of conduct disorder.

Stroke is one of the most important and common causes of death and nervous system failure, worldwide. Therefore, areas of life in which the patient does not participate well should be identified. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the status of participation and autonomy of stroke patients.

This is a descriptive study conducted in 2020 on 384 stroke patients in Kerman. Impact on Participation and Autonomy questionnaire (IPA-p) was used to assess the status of patients' participation and autonomy. Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance, multiple linear regression, independent t-test, and Pearson’s correlation test.

In this study, the total participation score of the questionnaire was reported 3.40±0.23. The highest participation score (3.80±0.69) was related to the area of activities inside or around the house and the lowest participation score (2.12±0.88) was related to the area of using and taking care of their money. According to multiple linear regression analysis, the mean score of participation and autonomy in men was lower than women (B=-0.371, p=0.012). The economic situation was reported to be the strongest predictor among all variables. The studied variables also explained 30.4 percentage of the changes in the participation score.

The results of the present study showed that stroke patients had less than 70 percentage participation in half of the questionnaire areas. The weakest area was the use and care of their money. It is necessary to take appropriate measures to improve the areas in which patients have weak participation.

The COVID-19 pandemic caused various psychological and physical problems in many people around the world. In this regard, the present study was conducted to investigate the validity of the COVID-19 Burnout and Obsession Scales.

The method of this research was a descriptive-analytical evaluation study. The sample consisted of 350 (227 females and 123 males) students of Tehran universities in 2021 who were selected by the convenience sampling method and completed COVID-19 Burnout Scale, COVID-19 Obsession Scale, Mental Health, and Psychological Distress Questionnaires. Psychometric properties of COVID-19 Burnout and Obsession Scales were analyzed by confirmatory factor analysis, divergent validity, concurrent validity, Pearson’s correlation, and Cronbach's alpha coefficient.

The one-factor structure of the COVID-19 Burnout Scale (comparative fit index; CFI=0.89, root mean square error; RMSE=0.07) and COVID-19 Obsession (CFI=0.92, RMSE=0.07) were investigated and confirmed using confirmatory factor analysis. In the study of concurrent and divergent criterion validity, the correlation of COVID-19 Burnout and Obsession Scales with the Psychological Distress Scale was positive and significant (p<0.001). The relationship between Burnout, Obsession, And Mental Health was also negative and significant (p<0.001). Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the Burnout and Obsession scores was obtained 0.91 and 0.82, respectively.

The findings indicate the structural validity and acceptable reliability of the COVID-19 Burnout and Obsession Scales, and the structure of these scales can be used to assess the severity of burnout and obsession during the coronavirus 2019 pandemic.

Chemotherapy has many side effects on tissues such as the liver.The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of aerobic exercise and curcumin on gene expression of apoptotic markers of liver tissue of cancer mice in doxorubicin treatment phase.

The current research is of experimental type. 36 female Balb/c mice weighing 20±2 grams were randomly divided into six groups: G1 healthy control, G2 patient control group, G3 patient+treatment (doxorubicin drug use), G4 patient+treatment+aerobic exercise, G5 patient+treatment+supplement group, and G6 patient+treatment+supplement+aerobic exercise group. 4T1 cell line was used to induce breast cancer. Doxorubicin was injected intraperitoneally on days 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28, and curcumin was fed to the animals. Aerobic training consisted of 30 minutes of running with an intensity of 40-60% of maximum speed, five days a week for 6 weeks. In the first week, the exercises reached a speed of 14 meters per minute, and in the second week it reached 16 meters and finally 18 meters per minute. One-way analysis of variance was used for data analysis.

The effect of curcumin and aerobic exercise on the expression of Cas3 (p=0.0001) and Bcl2 (p=0.0001) genes was statistically significant. In group 6, Bcl2 gene expression increased compared to other groups, and Cas3 decreased in groups 5 and 6 compared to group 2.

Probably aerobic exercise combined with the use of nanocurcumin in the treatment phase with doxorubicin provides the necessary adaptations to inhibit or stop apoptosis in the liver tissue of mice with breast cancer.

Recent studies have shown conflicting results regarding the effect of the mother's pre-pregnancy body mass index on pregnancy outcomes. This study was conducted with the aim of determining the relationship between the body mass index of the mother before pregnancy and the anthropometric indices at the birth of the baby and some pregnancy outcomes.

This retrospective cohort study was conducted in 2019 on pregnant women referred to Nik Nafs and Ali Ibn Abi Talib Hospital in Rafsanjan. Three hundred eligible people were included in the study using convenience sampling. Information about mothers was collected using their health and preconception care records. After collecting the data, it was analyzed using chi-square test or Fisher's exact test, logistic regression, and multivariable proportional odds model.

The results showed that 147 (49%) mothers were overweight and obese (exposure group). The rate of caesarean delivery and premature delivery was significantly higher in the exposure group (p<0.05). The results of logistic regression and multivariable proportional odds model showed that the chance of having babies with short stature, abnormal head circumference, and overweight was higher in obese women than in normal women but it was not statistically significant (p<0.05).

Abnormal body mass index can play a role in causing adverse effects of mother and fetus and also anthropometric indices at the birth of the baby. Therefore, evaluating the weight and body mass index of the mother before pregnancy and controlling overweight and obesity, these complications can be prevented.

The use of medicinal plants is increasing among people and the presence of pollutants such as heavy metals in them can affect the health of consumers. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the amount of accumulation of some heavy metals in a number of commonly used medicinal plants and to evaluate their risk in children and adults.

In this laboratory study, 5 types of medicinal plants, 4 samples of each type, were collected from different regions of Sistan and Baluchestan province in the spring of 2021. The samples were prepared and acid digested in the laboratory and were evaluated in terms of the concentration of Cd, Pb, Cu, As, and Hg by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS). Data was analyzed by using Kolmogorov-Smirnov, one-sample t-test, and one-way ANOVA, and the risk of each of these metals was estimated due to their consumption in children and adults.

The average amount of heavy metals in different types of plants was very variable and lower than the permissible level for both children and adults. Target hazard quotient (THQ) for each of the metals and Hazard Index (HI) for all metals, in all types of medicinal plants, were significantly lower than the permissible level (THQ/HI=1).

Medicinal plants of Sistan and Baluchestan province have low levels of heavy metal contamination and their consumption is completely safe for children and adults.

Coronavirus 2019 disease or (covid-19) is an infectious disease caused by the acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It seems that due to the new waves of the covid-19 disease, it is necessary to observe the social distance and health protocols along with extensive and regular vaccination. Although vaccination can be effective in controlling the disease, both covid-19 disease and vaccination against covid-19 can be associated with the development of glomerular kidney disease. Additionally, given the increased risk of infection among immunosuppressed patients, individuals with pre-existing glomerular kidney disease may require changes in their management plan during the COVID-19 pandemic. If the vaccination and drug regimen of the kidney disorder patient is according to the standard instructions, the use of the vaccine will be effective, especially in people exposed to the corona disease.