نشریه هیستوبیولوژی دامپزشکی
پیاپی 1 (پاییز و زمستان 1392)

Deltamethrin insecticide widely used pesticides with harmful effects on the ecosystem and liver organ involved in the metabolism of toxic substances. According to antioxidant role of vitamin C, the effects of exposure to deltamethrin on rat's liver were studied. For this purpose, 63 rats (Wistar) weighing 200 ± 15 g were selected and divided into 9 groups. After determination of lethal dose for deltamethrin (20mg / kg/b.wt), (5/2, 5 and 10) mg/ kg/b.wt of this was chosen for this experiment. Groups were selected in the control (no treatment), group 1 (distilled water), group 2 were injected ( 20 mg / kg/b.wt) Vitamin C, 3 treatment groups, respectively (5/2, 5 and 10) mg / kg / b.wt of deltamethrin and 3 groups treated with the same doses of deltamethrin + vitamin C (20mg / kg/b.wt) within 14 days, injected intraperitoneal. At the end of the treatment period, Rat's livers were separated, prepared and placed in tissue processor. Prepared serial sections (5 μ), were stained and studied with L.M (40 x) and determined the degree of damage. Using ratings method, damage of tissue were determinate in 0 to 4 degrees that indicate the minimum to maximum damage. Obtain data analyzed by using SPSS (17) and ANOVA and groups were compared in significance level (P< 0.05) with LSD and Tukey's test. According to the results, changes in nucleuses lining to the cell necrosis were seen in the groups which exposed to deltamethrin.  These damages were recompensed partially in groups which treated with vitamin C especially in group with low dose of toxin.

Due to the increasing use of pesticides in agriculture and the entry of pollutants into water sources, toxins cause serious problems in aquatics such as fish. The effects of Malathion on liver and kidney were studied in aquarium this toxin is also used in agriculture and easily through the water is flowing into the ponds. In this study, concentrations of pesticides were used in the four treatments; the treatments consisted of a concentration of 0.1, 0.01, 0.001 and control group. There were 20 fish and 30 liters of water per aquarium and all conditions were the same for four aquarium. After 2, 4 and 6 days of liver and kidney were taken pathology samples, Hepatic necrosis, hemorrhage and pathologic hypertrophy was seen in slides, the deterioration in renal proximal and distal tubes and bleeding, degeneration was seen in kidney tubes This study concluded that gold fish were exposed to different sub lethal doses of Malathion may cause necrosis and destruction of cells in vital organs.

Hydtidosis is important in man and animals. The purpose of this study was the comparison of two different methods for activation of hydatid cyst protoscolices.40 sheep lungs and livers infected with hydatid cyst obtained from a slaughter house in Urmia city and transferred to the Veterinary Faculty of Urmia University Laboratory. In sterile condition, the solution in non calcified hydatid cyst aspirated. Protoscolices activated by shaking at 37°C for 30 minutes, in a vial containing 0.9% NaCl (pH=2) and NaHCO3 with pancreatin (pH=8). The same procedure was used; however, instead of the above mix, dog bile was used. Activation time of protoscolices was determined by an invert microscopeThe activation time of protoscolices by using NaCl and NaHCO3 containing pancreatin was 3 hours but with the same method by using dog bile was 1 hour.Since the activation time of protoscolices using NaCl and NaHCO3 containing pancreatin takes 3 hours, and the dog bile takes only 1 hour, the latter procedure is preferred for antigen preparation and serological tests.

In order to study of varying effects of colchicine concentration in 3 levels (100,150 and 200µl) and time effect in 3 levels (1,2 and 3 h) on chromosomal characters between 10 blood cell cultures from Nadjdi goat breed, cytogenetic study was performed. The samples were studied for several karyotypic characteristics, including long and short arm length, by which total length of the chromosomes, long arm to short arm and short arm to long arm ratio were calculated. Analysis of variance of mitotic data in factorial experimental design based on completely randomized design, showed highly significant differences between the studied cultures for all of the traits at α=0.01 level. Duncan test were carried out in order to classify the cultures and their chromosomes. All of the ten cultures of the breed had 30 chromosome pairs, Minimum total length of the chromosomes related to 100µl concentration and 1h time exposure and Maximum total length of the chromosome related to 200µl concentration and 2h time exposure. All of the interactions between cultures × chromosomes were non significant.

This article reviews research on the use of implants in bone defects. The bone defect happens as a result of different factors such as accidents, tumors, etc. The filling of the defect is most important concern for surgeons. Various materials which are used for replacement can be categorized in four groups: autograft, allograft, xenograft and synthetic material like cells/ scaffold. In this regard, most of these materials have the property of inducing bone material (osteogenesis) which is called osteoinductive. Osteoconductive materials are also used as bone scaffold to guide future growth.

Diabetes is a metabolic disease that results in major damage to the kidney. Azathioprine is widely used in the treatment of other autoimmune diseases, cancer, and organ transplantation. In this study, the effect of azathioprine on renal tissue and serum markers of insulin resistance in rats were studied. 56 adult male wistar mouse with 80 to 90 days old and weighing approximately 200±20g were diveded in 8 groups as follow: Control group (without treatment), sham (140cc froctose 10% as a daily feeding) and 1 to 4 experimental groups that in addition of 140cc froctose 10% as a daily feeding, were injected [3.75, 7.5, 15 and 21] mg/kg/bw azathioprine both in single dose and interaperitoneal at 96th day. 24 hours after both kidneys were seprated, fixed in formalin (10%) and placed in tissue processor. Prepared serial sections were studied with LM (10x & 40x). Obtain data analyzed by using SPSS (17) and ANOVA and groups were compared in significance level (P< 0.05) with Tukey's test. Significant decrease in the diameter of the renal cortex and medulla in control, diabetic and non-diabetic treatment groups and a significant increase in proximal and distal convouluted, henle's loop and glomerules compared with the control group. Collecting tubes  difference was not significant in all groups compared to controls. According to above results, Azathioprine creating synergistic effects with diabete. Therefore, diabetics are taking limits.

This study was performed during the one year period, from March 21st 2011 to 2012, for detection v infection rate of Theileriosis in Borujerd township, and 860 cows were tested (220 samples in each season). First, the data related to every cow was recorded in a questionnaire. Second, all cows were clinically examined and the positive cases which had Lymphadenitis, icterus in the vaginal mucosa and eye, fever, constipation, hyperpnea, diarrhea, coughing, watery eyes and  mouth were distinguished and depleted from ear and forthwith were fixed by ethyl alcohol. Last, the blood smears samples were stained by Giemsa method and tested from view point of presence of piroplasmosis figures. To sum up, 536 of the 860 samples (62.32%) were positive and there were significant differences between male and female (P≤0.05). The most amount of infection was in spring (52.23%) and the least was in winter (0.93%) (P≤0.05).The most of infection rate was in over three years old cows (71.26%) and the least was in under one years old cows (3.54%) (P≤0.05).