مجله مهندسی بهداشت حرفه ای
سال نهم شماره 1 (بهار 1401)

Operators of mining and construction machinery are directly affected by the risks and accidents of these machines as well as the possibility of injury and occupational diseases. Ergonomic design parameters and the current condition of the machines play an important role in reducing the risk factors related to occupational injuries.

The study population in this study includes 80 machines of the two contractors of road construction and tailings. Using a checklist containing 25 questions for indicators such as cabin access, user location, access to control levers, visibility and environmental factors such as sound level and vibration sensation in the cabin space based on the method of scoring cabin ergonomic indicators, the total negative score of each The car is calculated that in this classification, any car that receives a lower negative score will be a better car ergonomically.

As the life of the machine increases, the negative score of the machine also increases. The highest level of dissatisfaction is related to the parameters of cabin noise, vibration, cabin and operator seat design, cabin air conditioning and ease of access, respectively.

Due to financial constraints in most mining and construction companies, it seems that the implementation of machine maintenance programs using up-to-date and efficient equipment and parts to replace old and outdated parts, as well as training users to adapt the cabin to the needs A low-cost person can improve the ergonomics of existing machines.

Human factors, road, vehicle and environment, are effective in causing of traffic accidents. One of the basic parameters in the human factor can be attributed to personality factors that cause peoplechr('39')s behavior. The aim of this study was to investigated the effect of personality on driving errors using a driving simulator.

The study was conducted on 80 drivers between the ages of 20 and 40. The Pride car simulator and the carchr('39')s transverse deviation variables, speed increase and collision were used to investigate driving errors. Individual personality traits were also determined by Goldbergchr('39')s Big Five Factor Questionnaire. After collecting the data, their information was analyzed by SPSS software.

The results showed that the personality factors of neuroticism, extraversion and openness to experience were directly and significantly related to the variables of collision, speed and transverse deviation of the vehicle (P<0.05). Agreement and conscientiousness had the opposite effect on the variability of speed and transverse deviation of the vehicle, which was not statistically significant (P>0.05).

The results of the study showed that some personality factors are correlated with driving errors. Driving is a common daily activity that requires dynamic information processing, which varies from character to character, leading to changes in driving errors.

Technology development, increasing job competition, along with raising employer demands for higher productivity, has increased job stress; and workload; and has affected job performance. This study aimed to investigate the effect of mental workload on job performance of offshore employees of a power plant with the mediating role of job stress.

Our descriptive-analytical study was conducted among 97 workers in a power plant in 2019. The "Job Status" questionnaire was created, and its validity and reliability were estimated. The questionnaire included three parts as mental workload (8 questions), job performance (7 questions), and job stress (9 questions) and was distributed to the case group (47 power generation workers) and the control group (32 administrative staff). Eventually, the relationship between mental workload, job performance, and job stress was investigated by the structural equation method and SPSS22 and AMOS24 software.

According to the results of the Pearson correlation coefficient test, there is a significant relationship between the variables of workload-job stress, job stress-job performance, and workload-job performance (p <0.05). According to the structural equation model, job stress has a mediating role between workload and job performance with a 0.415 mediation percentage; Therefore, a high workload can cause high job stress, which can reduce job performance.

According to our findings, workload increases job stress among employees and reduce job performance.

the method of this study is descriptive - sectional method that has been carried out on 300 employees of an oil refinery in Tehran . To collect data from the Demographic Information questionnaire, emotional intelligence questionnaire Siberia sharing, job stress questionnaire Parker&dekotis were also used to study behavior , from a behavioral questionnaire with 23 questions that safety compliance and safety participation , and were measured in a behavioral checklist that had an impact on 5 important behavior of permit exporters , which have also been influential in the instruction manual and in the past incidents.

 In this study, the percentage of safe behavior of work permits issuers 40.57 and their stress levels and emotional intelligence, respectively 2.26 & 3.12 have been. Investigating the relationship between emotional intelligence and the percentage of safe behavior statistically significant relationship (p=0.019) There is a correlation coefficient of 0.161 Also job stress with correlation coefficient -0.217   It has a significant relationship with emotional intelligence (p=0.001) Anxiety is also correlated -0.068 It has a significant and inverse relationship with the percentage of safe behavior (p=0.022)

Among the permit exporters in the refinery, people with higher emotional intelligence have been less stressful, and there is a higher safety behavior among them

Nurses are at high risk for Covid-19 due to their occupational nature. This study aimed to determine the relationship between anxiety and quality of life in nurses working in different care units of patients with Covid-19.

Using multi-stage random sampling, 142 nurses working in Covid-19 wards of hospitals affiliated to Qazvin University of Medical Sciences participated in a descriptive cross-sectional study. Data were collected using the demographic information questionnaire, Corona Disease Anxiety Scale (CDAS), and quality of life questionnaire (SF-36).

The mean age of the study participants was 31.37±6.1 years and 62% (88 nurses) were married. The mean scores of Covid-19 anxiety and quality of life were 18.70±8.79 and 55.57±18.70, respectively. Anxiety score was assessed as moderate. The highest and lowest quality of life scores belonged to the Physical Function dimension (69.04±29.03), and Role-Emotional (48.35±42.86), respectively. There was a significant inverse correlation between anxiety and quality of life (P<0.001 and r= -0.350). Nurses working in emergency and general wards had the highest and lowest scores of anxiety (P= 0.032), respectively. and nurses working in general and CCU wards had the highest and lowest scores of quality of life (P= 0.005), respectively. Compared to other groups.

Nurses working in Covid-19 wards are exposing to worrying levels of anxiety. It is suggested to the managers of the health department, by creating specialized counseling and training centers for nurses, identify and eliminate the causes of anxiety and improve the quality of life of nurses.

Resilience is the process of coping and successfully adapting to challenging and life-threatening situations which is a kind of positive adaptation to adverse conditions. One of the most serious challenges in the industry is maintaining the health and safety of employees while performing their job duties. The present study aimed to quantitatively evaluate resilience engineering indicators in the metal industries of Kashan, Iran, and prioritize using the AHP method.

The present cross-sectional study had two stages. First, the resilience questionnaire was distributed among 110 employees of six metal industry companies in Kashan by convenience sampling method. In the second stage, a questionnaire consisting of 6 questions was completed by 15 occupational health and metal industry experts and then the prioritization of resilience indicators was determined using hierarchical analysis. Expert choice software was used to determine the priorities. The total resilience score was calculated and statistically compared by t-test and ANOVA after weighting.

The results indicated that the six main indicators of emergency preparedness, management commitment, reporting culture, awareness, learning culture, and flexibility with a final score of 0.921, 0,852, 0.517, 0.513, 0.485, and 0. 428 were ranked first to sixth.

Emergency preparedness and management commitment were the most important indicators and the total resilience score in the metal industries of Kashan was 0.619.

Work ability depends on individual and occupational factors. Improving the work ability increases efficiency and job satisfaction. The present study aims to evaluate the work ability and determine the relationship between neurotoxic symptoms and individual factors with the work ability of operating room nurses.

 The present cross-sectional study was conducted on 121 operating room nurses at a teaching hospital of Tehran in1400. Data were collected using the Demographic questionnaire, Work Ability Index (WAI) questionnaire and Euroquest questionnaire. The data were analyzed using SPSS.

Based on the results, the mean WAI was 31.52 ±4.8 among nurses. Work ability had a statistically significant negative correlation with neurotoxic symptoms (r = -0.75, P< 0.01), age (r = -0.67 P< 0.01) and work experience (r = -0.71 P< 0.01). The results of regression analysis indicated that neurotoxic symptoms (β = 0.56, P = 0.000), work experience (β = 0.35, P = 0.04) and age (β = 0. 21, P = 0.05) were the main predictors of work ability.

 The results of the present study showed that the work ability of operating room nurses was moderate. Therefore, in order to improve the work ability, intervention programs should be performed with the aim of reducing factors that can cause neurotoxic symptoms among operating room nurses.

Risk assessment is one of the most important measures that its results can be effective in reducing the prevalence of various health consequences in the workplace. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the risk of Covid-19 outbreak in the personnel of a medical environment.

This study was a cross-sectional and descriptive-analytical study that was performed in a hospital in Ahvaz. The instrument used in this study was the "Rapid Covid-19 Hazard Analysis (RCHA)” method and the study sample consisted of 193 people. Data analysis was performed using IBM SPSS software version 22.0

More than half of the personnel were nurses (51.8%) and about one-third were administrative and service occupations (30.1%). The minimum and maximum risk of this outbreak were estimated to be 1 and 600, respectively. These results showed that three people (1.6%) were in the acceptable risk area, 59 people (30.6%) were in the tolerable risk level and 131 people (67.9%) were in the unacceptable risk area. Comparative evaluation showed that the level of risk of Covid-19 in the four occupational groups was not statistically significant (p=0.066).

The findings of the study indicated that the risk level of Covid-19 outbreak is high and unacceptable among the medical personnel. In addition, despite the differences in the level of risk, the amount of risk does not differ significantly between different occupational groups.