نشریه تحقیقات نوین میان رشته ای حقوق
سال دوم شماره 1 (پیاپی 4، بهار 1401)

Absolute justice is the ultimate goal of human life. This desirability has led different religions and schools to resort to this concept and take a stand against it. Islam as a socio-political school contains teachings for human worldly and otherworldly happiness. Therefore, important issues such as government and command and justification of its principles and rules in Islamic jurisprudence, especially Shiite political jurisprudence, have been the focus of various discussions. In general theories of constitutional law, the idea of justice is based on the principles of sovereignty and governance, and justice is basically referred to as the basis for justifying the legitimacy of governments, which is usually emphasized in constitutions. The relationship between justice and the legitimacy of the state is one of the most important intersections of the knowledge of law and politics. Accordingly; Explaining the following questions (firstly, what is the predominant perception of justice in the theories of Shiite political thinkers? And secondly, what is the place of this idea in the theories about the legitimacy of the state in the Islamic discourse of governance?) determines and at the same time justifies the forms of governance and its diversity in Islamic societies. This research seeks to explore some of the theories of governance in a descriptiveanalytical manner in line with the above-mentioned goals, with a historical-philosophical approach and with the focus on Shiite thinkers.

Intellectual property rights are the right of an individual to exercise his or her mental creativity. These rights allow the creative person to use their creativity for a period of time. Intellectual property rights cause social development. Legal and national protection of intellectual property rights in different countries of the world requires international support. With the relative progress of the idea of protecting the rights of initiatives and by influencing the laws of industrial nations and literature and art, it soon became clear that the domestic support of a country alone was not enough. Economic freedom could not be limited to the territory of one country. Rather, according to its principle, it inevitably crossed political borders and engaged in international trade. In such a situation and wide market, protection was not limited to the framework of national law. Now the question arises that what dichotomies are there in the intellectual property laws in the Iranian legal system and the World Trade Organization. Many challenges and shortcomings in Iranian laws, including enforcement, copyright, resolution of disputes, reveal the need for amendments. The WTO also pays special attention to intellectual property in the TRIPS Agreement. But Iran has not yet acceded to the agreement due to the shortcomings and contradictions in the laws of Iran in relation to the World Trade Organization. The main goal of this study is to represent the dichotomies of intellectual property in the Iranian legal system with World Trade Organization which is done by descriptive-analytical method.

The rule of the most important and the important is one of the rules that has been used in Imami jurisprudence, and has not been seriously opposed by any jurist, and Imami and non-Imami jurists agree on it. Because it is not possible for everyone to correctly identify the most important criterion in determining expediency, and due to the existence of many exceptions; it is subject to a great deal of criticism, however this rule has a rational origin beyond race, language and culture and is considered efficient and necessary in all human societies. It is considered as one of the most important issues in consolidation and strategic goals of the family. The jurists and sages, while discussing privacy, information and physicality issues, pay attention to the individuals' rights in relation to privacy resulting from this rule. Cases of conflict in family law are explained according to this rule. Qualitative research has been conducted using a library method and valid scientific sources.

One of the most significant and important vulnerable people in society are homeless and abused women. Inadequate economic situation, social and cultural problems, psychological problems, poverty, etc., these women always threaten them in their daily lives; Examining the situation of this group is the most important issue facing societies. In fact, all countries have tried in some way to support orphaned and abused children and women, but there is a difference in how to pay attention to this group and the model of supporting them. Unaccompanied women, as part of society, also have the right to a quality life for other people with social security, so support for them needs to be widely studied academically; In this article, the concept of guardianship and guardianship is examined in general and the three countries of Iran, Sweden and Denmark, representing the developed countries of the Scandinavian countries, are compared in a common subject to discover their commonalities and differences so that New solutions were found to improve the situation of these women. Therefore, the duty to support this group of women is the responsibility of any system of government. This category also has a religious basis in the system of the Islamic Republic of Iran and is considered one of the great goals and policies of the system. In the constitution of Iran and its macro-policies, the enjoyment of social security is considered a basic and necessary matter and various plans have been made. One of the goals of social security is to meet the needs of low-income and vulnerable people in society, The abuser and the selfcaregiver are among the neediest sections of society and are subject to a lot of material and spiritual damage. It will be very effective in improving the situation of these women in the Islamic society.

Nowadays, the difference between man and woman's blood money is one of the most important issues that is controversial in Iranian legal and criminal law and has created many doubts in the minds. Despite the Islamic religion's emphasis on equal rights for individuals, the Islamic Penal Code contains different provisions for men and women, some of which are protective of women and others, such as the age, criminal responsibility, testimony, blood money, and retribution, are seemingly discriminatory. According to Article 550 of this law, a woman's diyat is half of a man's diyat, and the reason for this, in addition to some jurisprudential reasons, is the difference between the social and economic status of women compared to men. The issue is the difference between blood money and retribution between men and women. According to the famous fatwa of the jurists, a woman's diyat is half of a man's diyat, and in injuries it is believed that a man and a woman are equal to one third of the diyat, and more than that, a woman's diyat becomes half a man's diyat. Therefore, there is a difference between men and women in the matter of blood money, but not because the price of a man is higher than a woman, no, there is retaliation for both, soul for soul, but some jurists argue that because in the field of economic issues, a man is mainly active and the source of wealth and the production of wealth, they consider the inequality of blood money as a rational thing, and thus incite discrimination against women and consider it a trivial thing. The difference between the diyat of a man and a woman is related to the conditions and requirements of the time of the beginning of Islam; considering the change in the conditions, requirements and criteria in our time, we should consider the diyat of women as equal to men.

In this article, the effect of processing legal texts, reports and descriptions of criminal cases using a natural language processor at the beginning and finally analyzing the data obtained using artificial intelligence are examined and ideas to create an effective system of combining Law, technology and medicine are provided to improve the work process in the forensic organization. In the first part of this article, by examining natural language processing, which is one of the most popular branches of artificial intelligence, information is provided to review forensic texts. Possible problems with the processing of these cases have also been pointed out. Finally, three methods for data analysis are presented, which are currently being implemented in the legal and contractual fields in some countries. In order to collect the information contained in this article, a combination of 50 articles, books and reports in the field of applications of artificial intelligence, including some related articles at Stanford University in the future law, Persian articles in the field of civil liability due to artificial intelligence (to provide effective legal methods to the Forensic Medicine Organization), and finally the recent reports related to the Forensic Medicine Organization have been studied; Ultimately, a combination of 12 articles and books has been used to write this article.