پژوهشنامه حلال
سال پنجم شماره 2 (پیاپی 13، تابستان 1401)

 The novel corona virus disease COVID-19 which is caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has become a pandemic causing the death of many people in the world and severe economic stagnation in the worldwhile imposing a significant pressure on the health structures of the nations worldwide. This article highlighted the possibilities of utilizing medicinal plants rich in phytochemicals (mainly the bioactive compounds of green tea) and vitamin D supplementation in the form of nanoencapsulated in the structure of the chitosome whichhas proven immunomodulatory and antiviral antiviral activities. It is worth mentioning that these compounds have played a role in the development of new functional foods (such as ultra-beneficial drinks) and should be used to reduce the risk of contracting SARS-2-CoV by strengthening the body's immune system. In addition, the use of these compounds can complement the therapeutic measures taken against this disease.

 Coronavirus mostly affects the human respiratory system and causes mild symptoms such as fever, dry cough, even severe life-threatening complications such as pneumoni and acute respiratory distress syndrome which eventually leads to death.

Innovative functional foods enriched by fortification of medicinal plants and vitamin supplements have promised to improve public health and immensely help the general public against the viral infections such as COVID-19.

 Chastity is one of the moral virtues that has a high status in religious teachings and has been widely recommended and has a significant role in strengthening the family and the purpose of research; The role of a lawful day in strengthening the family is centered on the principle of chastity, relying on verses, hadiths and sayings of moral scholars.

 This study, using verses, hadiths and related books, seeks to explain the role of halal living from the perspective of religious teachings in strengthening chastity, which are effective in strengthening the foundation of the family. This research has been done by library study method and the necessary information has been collected and analyzed; Therefore, the research method in this article is descriptive-analytical.

 According to religious texts, one of the influential factors in strengthening the family is the principle of chastity. Chastity is one of the moral virtues prescribed in religious teachings. Among the effective factors in strengthening chastity are faith in God and adherence to divine values. What is effective in raising religious beliefs and divine values ​​in individuals. Earning a lawful livelihood by referring to verses, hadiths and books of moral scholars, earning a lawful livelihood in strengthening faith in God and religious beliefs that promote moral virtues such as chastity in the range of thought, speech and organs and organs in the dimensions of eyes, ears, Hands, feet, beauty, covering, abdomen and sexual desire that affect the strength of the family foundation are explained.

Dar Amoza Hai and Hayani Buyijah Quran Karim Rozi Halal and Khanwada and Effat Az Jaygah Wizh Barkhordar Ast and Bur save that there are verses and narrations confirming the intensity of Ast and Hamashnin with link and inscription Rosy Halal, Dar Al-Istiqam, Nihad Nashd-e-Quran-e-Khanwadeh (Peace be upon him) and his imams were pure.

 Halal tourism is a type of tourism that expands according to the religious standards of Muslims. But this policy regarding halal tourism in our country, Iran, has not been given as much attention as it should, and this gap is tangible in the planning on halal tourism. The research aims to investigate the implementation model of halal tourism policies in Iran to attract Muslim tourists to the extent of their capacities.

 The method (qualitative and quantitative) has been used among the community of experts who are aware of the halal tourism policy based on a sample size of 30 people. Since the real experiences of people were examined in this research, the phenomenological (inductive) method was used in the qualitative part. After interviewing the experts in this field and using Claysey's interview method, the main and secondary themes regarding tourism policies were also counted. Also, in the quantitative section, the main and secondary themes were reviewed in the form of a questionnaire by 133 professors and faculty members in this field.

 Halal tourism in Iran is based on the permissibility of the policy of halal tourism in Iran, the effect of the nature of the policy, the effect of the factors related to the implementers, the obstacles to the implementation of the requirements, the method of implementation, the role and relationship of the society with the issue of model design, implementation and the role of the factors of compilation and taking from Halal tourism has been approved in Iran.

In terms of cultural, historical, and social richness and the human need for travel, recreation, and in accordance with Islamic standards, the patterns and policies of halal tourism in Iran will be useful.

 Nowadays, increasing the nutritional value of bakery products is significantly important. Cake is one of the most consumed cereal products. Adding fiber and protein sources to the cake can reduce calorie content and increase its nutritional value.

 In this project, the effect of adding loquat fruit powder and wheat germ on some physicochemical features of sponge cake including pH, moisture, ash, protein, fat, volume and fiber and sensory properties (texture, color, odor, taste and general acceptance) was investigated.

 Analysis of variance (ANOVA) at the 5 % level (p <0.05) showed that adding a certain ratio of loquat fruit powder and wheat germ flour in the formulation of cake as a part of wheat flour can increase the volume, fat, protein, moisture, ash content and fiber content. Eventually, optimization of cake formulation to produce a productive product, using the investigated properties and set limits, showed that adding 40 g of loquat fruit powder and 60 g of wheat germ flour to 100 g wheat flour with the aim of increasing protein and fiber composition was a suitable formulation for preparation of the cake.

The results indicated that, adding loquat fruit powder and wheat germ flour to the cake can improve the nutritional value of the cake as a functional food.

 Peppermint is one of the valuable medicinal plants with strong anti-microbial and anti-oxidant properties, which has various applications in the food industry.

 Fresh peppermint leaves were processed as a single layer by different drying methods (solar, sun and shade). Then, the effect of different drying methods on the quality and quantity of essential oil compounds was evaluated by GC-MS. Also, the antibacterial efficiency of the noted essential oil against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria was studied by disk diffusion method.

 The results showed that the most important chemical compounds in peppermint essential oil include menthone, menthol, isomenthol, mentofuran, polygon and piperitone. The highest amount of bacterial inhibition zone (IZ) was observed in the case of essential oil extracted from peppermint leaves dried by solar method (IZ=55 mm).

In general, the drying method is one of the main stages of medicinal plants processing, which has a significant effect on the bioactive compounds (extracts and essential oils) of medicinal plants. Therefore, it is necessary to use the suitable drying method.

 There are many reports of human infection with bovine tuberculosis in the world. Mycobacterium bovis, the cause of bovine tuberculosis, affects all parts of the human body and has the potential to be transmitted from wild and domestic animals, inhalation of contaminated carcasses and eating non-pasteurized dairy products to humans. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of the zoonotic disease in cattle slaughtered in Khorasan- e- Razavi province during 1395-1389.

Bovine tuberculosis was evaluated in each month from different organs (lung, head, liver, mesenteric, prescapular and total condemnation) according to the available forms at the slaughterhouse in Khorasan Razavi province during 1393-1395.

 According to the results of these years, lung with 51.67% and prescapular with 2.173% had the highest and lowest prevalence rate and the pattern of contamination did not follow any specific trend based on the amount of contamination in each season of the year. The contamination changes did not follow a specific order over a period of three years, and the least contamination was in 2014, and in 2015, an upward trend in the disease was observed.

Bovine tuberculosis cases in Iran have shown a decreasing trend over the recent years, indicating an existence of bovine tuberculosis control program and health issues.