فصلنامه نقش جهان - مطالعات نظری و فناوری های نوین معماری و شهرسازی
سال دوازدهم شماره 3 (پیاپی 39، پاییز 1401)

The heritage of early modern architecture in the first Pahlavi era, represents the concept of identity in a new domain which could be attributed to discontinuity of traditional Iranian architecture. Historical architecture in the first Pahlavi era is one of the first attempts made to protract the identity of Iranian architecture in its new shape. The present study was an attempt to retrieve the roots and levels of the historical approach in the first Pahlavi era to explain how identity remains embedded in the modern architectural heritage of this era.

in the present qualitative study, a descriptive-analytical approach is used to decipher the relationship between the cultural values of modern architectural heritage and the concept of identity in architecture. Using relevant documents, the researcher has tried to explore the trend of architecture formation in the Pahlavi era. By studying library sources, the researcher has also tried to analyze the concept of identity in architecture as well as components affiliated with that. In the next step, an inferential approach is used to investigate the relationship between historicism and identity development in the modern architecture heritage and the results are used to analyze a series of selected buildings associated with the historicism current of the first Pahlavi era.

Imitative, schematic and conceptual historicism are three components of retrospective approach that are directly correlated with different levels of identity: formal, inferential and semantic.

In the architectural heritage of the first Pahlavi era, Identity is, from a historical perspective, formally transferred through a direct perception and objective adaptation to the attributes of historical architecture in Iran. In the wake of that, another group of buildings was formed, which transferred identity through content representation and as a result of indirect use of Iranian architectural elements and the refinement and abstraction of historical components. Despite emphasizing on similarities, these buildings actually depict a cultural distinction in architectural heritage of this era.

Architecture as one of the ways to create a work, while using art, is a combination of thought and technology. What sets an architectural work apart from other works is that it is more valuable than providing shelter; In other words, in addition to the functional aspect, it also expresses the characteristic of beauty and higher transcendent concepts. This type of architecture, as a valuable heritage, has the ability to remain in history and the role of technology in the production of such heritage has always been one of the influential parameters. When an architectural design is formed as a special work of art, it is affected by the technology and it has become symbolic in this state. The purpose of this study is to investigate this secondary aspect of technology and its role in the production of heritage of contemporary architecture.

The research is Combined and uses a Grounded Theory. Through descriptive-analytical methods, by examining the heritage of contemporary architecture as well as the aspects of the effects of technology and its role, the factors affecting architecture have been analyzed

Examining the identity samples of contemporary architecture as a lasting heritage with different geographical distribution shows that jointly the characteristics of form, function and beauty in the areas of formal configuration, spatial organization and facade composition can be analyzed and compared.

The nature of the architecture of funds at the intersection of art, science, technique, depending on the time and the context has been changed and the creation of a lasting architectural heritage has depended on the level of technological advancement of its time.

Original design can be evaluated by emphasizing the recognition of the original meaning of native architecture. Therefore, the interaction of past and new meanings of architecture through the continuation of originality using new materials, has a high position in today's world. The purpose of this article is to identify and analyze modern patterns in interaction with the two concepts of past originality and future technology in the use of materials in the facades of contemporary buildings in Iran. Do they step in synchronously with the architectural facade or are they in opposition?

In order to achieve the objectives of the research, the process of analysis and evaluation is carried out by selecting the works of the architectural index and how to use the materials in the facade. This research tries to examine the facades of index buildings in terms of materials through qualitative studies and has evaluated the interaction of materials and the originality of the building facades by using fuzzy logic as a systematic theory.

Research findings show the use of traditional materials along with modern technology; Establishes an interactive process between the original patterns of the past and the dream of the future.

Inspired by the original and sustainable patterns of Iranian architecture with modern expression, it is an effective approach in creating outstanding architecture.

The subject of urban façade’s identity is one of the most important problems of urban planning and design in the context of Iranian cities which is not the case in developing coutries. Despite discussion on urban façades identity crisis in academic circle and urban management, still there is a huge gap between current urban façades and the proper situation in practice. In this regard the aim of this research is to anwer why this gap exists and also to identify the key identity challenghes in the process of creating these urban façades in Tehran.  

Materials:

 This Paper stands on the author’s experience, library study and interview with some relevant expers. Through discussion with some experts in the field of architecture and urban design in some universities in Tehran and also from urban management authorities, effective groups on the identity of Tehran urban facades and how they impact have been recognized and analysed. 

Based on the research outcome there are four main effective groups on the formation of urban façades identity: citizens, investors, designers and urban managers. The contribution of each group in this identity challenge have been clarifies.  

 In order to improve this process, the first priority is raising awareness for all including citizens and investors. Moreover, inconsistency between professional practices and its payment needs to be solved. Finally, urban design matters such as combination of mass and space should be reproduced in urban management system.

The industrial heritage buildings and sites can be a stage for people to meet, which create memorable experiences. Adaptive reuse of such buildings by applying the experience economy can provide more suggestions so that they can be exploited appropriately by designing different experiences.

In the present research, related documents and theories are studied by the lense of logical argumentation strategy. "personal context", "social context" and "physical context" based on the theoretical framework of the research have been emphasized.

The design of experience in Rey Cement factory has been done based on these three components using four realms of Pin and Gilmore. Therefore, proposed uses have been defined according to the principles considered in this research, considering the authenticity of the industrial site and the production of new collective experiences, the result of which is the coexistence of different uses in this site.

The industrial heritage of is the basis for the growth and development. Nowadays, conservation and adaptive reuse of such buildings can be in line with their previous goals in economic development. experience design is one of the newest ways in economics. The results of the research show that experience based design can be a useful tool for heritage conservation. And this research tries to deal with heritage tourism from an experience-based perspective based on the criteria obtained from the conceptual framework of the research. And to better explain the approach, suggestions have been made for the experience-based design of Ray Cement Factory.

The aim of the research is to use and apply the non-deformed model of valuable buildings in Tehran (the 1330s to 1350s) according to the current needs of society and technology in the ideal housing in Tehran for modernization.

In the present study, the research method used in terms of purpose is applied-developmental and the study method in terms of method and nature is descriptive survey. Then, in the questionnaire without initial structure, qualitative analysis is used to identify the variables and main topics of the research, the results of which lead to the compilation of a structured questionnaire. In the later stages of the research, quantitative methods are used. It is analyzed in the imported statistical software.

The results showed that the non-formal analytical model of a number of nodes, facilities, depth of space, traceability, social space, visibility, flexibility, integrity, control, open spaces, semi-open spaces, closed spaces, complexity, intermediate spaces, Vertical and horizontal communication spaces, different areas of life and access, are patterns that are known as important in modern contemporary and are in line with the needs of today's residents and their lifestyle.

The resulting non-deformed patterns of the plan can be used in the modernization of valuable buildings, which by creating or maintaining them in the building can lead to the correct modernization in line with the preferences of residents and according to today's lifestyle. Knowing these patterns and using them in order to achieve correct and modern contemporization has been very important.

During the Corona pandemic, many architectural design classes were held virtually, and during this time, visiting the site as one of the most important parts of preparing students for architectural design was also done virtually. The main purpose of this article is to compare and analyze the positive and negative points of virtual site visit among architecture students.

the virtual site visit is known with 360-degree model. The participants (N=14) were asked to visit the site and then invited for a post-test to examine the motivation and emotions of the participants on the one hand, and the usability of the model on the other hand.

The experience of a virtual visit to the site brought significant points, which led to conduct qualitative interviews with each participant additionally. The results show the trustworthiness of virtual site visit while show some drawbacks. The results support virtual site visit during the corona pandemic and its acceptable results.

The results of the research confirm the virtual visit of the site as an exploratory method of the 360 model; But it also shows many shortcomings. In examples such as the Behranz Building of the Academy on Ray Street, Tehran, in the field of tangible values, the virtual visit of the site was very successful, while the intangible values of the common industrial heritage of Iran and Germany have not been very successful, and in these cases, it can be done with an in-person visit. There is no comparison.