فصلنامه بهبود مدیریت
پیاپی 57 (پاییز 1401)

Today the financial technology industry(FinTech)is developing more and more than in the past and has attracted the attention of users.In this regard, FinTech startups have tried to expand their activities by attracting users and diversifying the services they can provide.Undoubtedly they will play a more colorful role in the financial system of Iran in the coming years.Therefore, the decision makers in the banking and financial industry of the country need to know the possible future of these startups.The purpose of this research is to investigate the position of fintech start-ups in Iran's financial system in2031and it is of a qualitative and practical type, its statistical population includes experts in the financial field,bank managers, managers of fintech start-ups and politics.The snowball method was used for sampling and15people were selected purposefully and using the analysis of cross effects,influential factors and key components were extracted, then using Scenario Wizard software for structural analysis and checking how these factors affect Also,the extraction of scenario spaces has been used, and finally,4compatible and probable scenarios related to the future of startups in the fintech industry include conquering the territory(complete dominance of startups)competition in conquering the industry(competition of banks and startups)remaining(the lack of acceptance by users and the banking industry of start-ups)and the gradual death of a dream(failure of start-ups)have been extracted and described.After narrating the scenarios and through the findings of the expert panel and summarizing them, an attempt was made to provide strategic recommendations for the managers and policymakers regarding the future of fintech startups.

Despite the importance of the key role of research institutions in the formation of driving circles of innovation motors, the available evidence shows that the function of these institutions in developing countries, including Iran, has not been realized as expected in the national innovation system. Therefore, the main goal of the current research is to identify the challenges and obstacles facing government research institutions from the perspective of the relevant experts' lived experience. For this purpose, due to the rarity of literature review,, phenomenological methodology was used. The findings of the research indicate that 6 main challenges include "ambiguity in the missions of research institutions and their lack of detailed explanation", "organizational structure and disproportionate organizations", "inefficient and static financing system", "lack of Appropriate procedures for human resource management", "lack of systematic procedures for evaluating the performance of institutions" and "the existence of obstacles to cooperation at the national and international levels" are problems of government research institutions that should be considered by the policymakers and decision-makers at different legal, strategic and executive levels.

The cement industry is one of the strategic and important industrial sectors in the country in terms of meeting the needs of areas such as housing, The current research seeks to identify the future scenarios of this industry in the medium term. This research has a pragmatic approach from the point of view of orientation, practical and from the point of view of paradigm foundation. The theoretical community of the research is cement industry experts who were selected by judgmental sampling method. In the first step, common and specific drivers were identified through background review and interviews with industry experts. Then, by applying the theoretical sieve and inference-oriented, the final propellants were selected. Next, the remaining propellants were analyzed with DEMATEl technique. The two driving forces of pricing and market demand were considered for the formation of scenarios with regard to the highest net effect, and the test approach and selection of individual Strategic Assumption Surfacing and Testing were used to develop the scenarios. The suggested scenarios of the research are: the scenario of trying to survive, the scenario of healing the wound, the scenario of the developing world, and the scenario of dying. Finally, to determine the possible scenario, the Ordinal Priority Approach technique was used, and it was determined that the salve on the wound scenario is the most likely scenario. Schopenhauer's approach was used to present research proposals. In this way, the possible and pessimistic scenario sharing funds became the basis of the proposal.

One of the important issues in the theoretical framework of the developmental state as one of the important theories in the field of development studies is the activity of the pilot agencies in the countries under study. The naming of the Ministry of Industry, Mining and Trade in Iran and the type of missions assigned to this ministry in the development plans indicate the perception of the development planners in the country about the position of this ministry as the pilot agency in Iran. But the research question is, based on the theoretical framework of the pilot agency in developmental states, what is the organizational model of the pilot agency in Iran and to what extent it matches the characteristics of the Ministry of Industry, Mines and Trade. To answer this question, a qualitative research strategy based on textual data with semi-structured interview method and qualitative data content analysis was used. The characteristics of the pilot agency are explained in this article in the five issues of approach, field of activity, policy tools, mission and organizational structure and human resources. The results of the article show that the most important identified challenges are in the areas of approach and division of work, and in the area of tools, mission and organizational structure, challenges have emerged relatively.

The purpose of this research is to design a model of factors affecting research and development strategies in domestic automotive companies with emphasis on structural-interpretive approach. The present study is mixed in terms of developmental purpose and method. The statistical population of the research consists of employees and managers of domestic car companies. The statistical sample of this research has been purposefully and judiciously selected from managers and employees working in the domestic automotive industry who have at least 5 years of experience in the research and development unit and customer relations. In the qualitative part, semi-structured interviews have been used to identify research components. Qualitative sector coding process analysis has led to the identification of 7 components of business strategy, supportive policies, investment attraction, knowledge capital, cultural development, and research and development implementation network and research and development management. The identified components are included in the quantitative section of the ISM questionnaire. Based on the results obtained from the ISM analysis, it can be acknowledged that there are direct and indirect effects in the matrix; the most influential factor is supportive policies and the most dependent in the matrix is the direct effects of attracting investment and knowledge capital in the matrix of indirect effects.

Despite passing half a century of continuous sympathetic welfare oriented policy making efforts by Iranian politicians and policy makers, there are still important problems in the economic, industrial and social fields, which have become more complicated and accumulated. The result is a kind of passivity and grounding the governance capacities and capabilities which can be explained by term "compound complexity". The purpose of this article is to provide an effective framework for understanding policy issues and problems, by employing concept of compound complexity, which helps policy analysts and government officials to find root causes of policy failures and unintended consequences in earlier stages. In addition, a common understanding of the main conflicts can be obtained by deciphering the compound complexity, leading to more effective and constructive stakeholders’ agreement. Furthermore, it prevents silent death of policies before losing opportunities and wasting time. At the end, three approaches (1) transformation in the arrangement of political forces, (2) institutional innovation and (3) platform-based information technology are presented to get out of the compound complexity trap.