نشریه تحقیقات کاربردی علوم ورزش بدون مرز
پیاپی 24 (پاییز 1401)

The purpose of this study was to identify strategies to attract spectators to the Iranian Basketball Premier League. The present study was a descriptive survey that was conducted in the field through social networks, WhatsApp and Instagram. The statistical population of the study included all managers and experts of the basketball federation and the statistical sample was selected using total sampling method and available. The research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity was confirmed by 12 professors of sports management and its reliability was 0.86. Data were analyzed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and Friedman rank test using SPSS software version 26. The results of the present study showed that mixed marketing strategies (product, financial strategies, promotion and distribution) have a positive role in attracting spectators to basketball Premier League matches; Therefore, in order to attract spectators to league matches, club and federation officials must consider the needs and expectations of spectators as customers.

The aim of this study was to investigate the factors affecting the challenges of sports development in schools in Songor city. In terms of applied purpose, this research was a descriptive-survey strategy that was conducted in the field. The statistical population of the study includes all employed sports teachers who are in the first secondary school (231 males and 178 females) and the second secondary school (296 males and 189 females) (N=894) who in the 2015-2016 academic year in this city They were busy. Using Morgan table, the sample size was 274 people and sampling was done by random sampling. In order to study the objectives of this research, a researcher-made questionnaire was used, which included a 25-item questionnaire that was prepared based on similar research and research literature on a five-point Likert scale. According to 9 experts in the field of physical education to confirm the face validity and content of the questionnaire using the Delphi method and the reliability of the questionnaire was performed experimentally on 40 members of the research community and calculated Cronbach's alpha coefficient (α = 0.81). Research data were analyzed using mean and standard deviation test, one-sample t-test and Friedman rank test using SPSS software version 22. The results showed that from the perspective of sports teachers, lack of motivation of sports teachers, lack of budget, lack of sports facilities and equipment, lack of long-term planning and lack of knowledge and expertise of sports teachers are among the factors affecting the challenges of school sports development. Therefore, according to the specific prioritization of barriers affecting the challenges of school sports development, the highest priority is related to "lack of budget" and the lowest priority is related to "lack of knowledge and expertise of sports teachers".

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between organizational trust and organizational creativity with organizational effectiveness among employees of Ardabil Youth and Sports Department. The research method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of the study was all employees in the Department of Sports and Youth of Ardabil province, which was about 140 people and the statistical sample was selected as a total number and equal to the members of the statistical community. Three standard questionnaires, organizational trust (Alonen et al., 2008), organizational creativity (Hassan Beigi, 2010) and organizational effectiveness (Chen, 2004) were used to collect the required information. The face and content validity of the questionnaires were confirmed by 12 professors of sports management and the reliability of the organizational trust, organizational creativity and effectiveness questionnaires using Cronbach's alpha coefficient test of 0.94, 0.82 and 0.91, respectively. Obtained. Pearson correlation coefficient, step-by-step regression tests were used to analyze the data, and the collected data were used to determine the causal relationship between the variables using modeling equations using LISREL software and SPSS software. The results showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between organizational trust and organizational creativity, organizational creativity and human resource effectiveness and also between organizational trust and human resource effectiveness; Therefore, sports managers and officials must increase the effectiveness of employees by strengthening organizational trust and organizational creativity.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship between perceived organizational justice and organizational commitment of physical education teachers in West Azerbaijan province. Research method is descriptive-correlation conducted using the field method. Statistical population includes physical education teachers in West Azerbaijan which are 1091 persons. The sample number according to Morgan table is calculated as 285 persons. Stratified random sampling method is used. Data collection tool is perceived organizational justice questionnaire and organizational commitment questionnaire. The perceived organizational justice questionnaire by Niehoff and Moorman contains 22 close-end questions. To measure organizational commitment, Meyer and Allen model containing 23 questions is used. Reliability coefficient of the perceived organizational justice and work ethics questionnaires through Cronbach's alpha is respectively, 0.834 and 0.896. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between dimensions of organizational justice (including distributive justice, procedural justice, interactive justice and interpersonal justice) except for distributive justice, and organizational commitment at level of P≤0.05, based on the F coefficient respectively with participation rates of 20%, 15% and 0.7%. Among the demographic variables (gender, marital status, employment history, education level), the level of education affected relationship between perceived organizational justice and organizational commitment and there was no significant difference between the elements of justice (distributive, procedural and interactive and interpersonal) in terms of gender, work experience, education, type of employment and working field.