نشریه دانش انتظامی سمنان
سال دوازدهم شماره 2 (پیاپی 44، تابستان 1401)

Nowadays, managers have realized that one of the ways of success and organizational identity is the satisfaction and respect of the superior, and the attention and satisfaction of the superior is considered by most of the managers. So that honoring clients is one of the main strategies to increase social capital in society. In this connection, the police force is aware of the issues and problems in the police stations and outposts of the country in order to achieve a positive mental image of the people and to increase and improve the social capital of the Naja quality management plan (Makna), which is actually a plan to honor the clients or the people. has implemented Therefore, the aim of the present research is to investigate the effects of the implementation of the Makna plan in improving the performance and optimal service delivery of police stations (case study: Kupai (police station) of Semnan city).The type of research was based on the applied nature and based on the descriptive-analytical method. A questionnaire was used to collect information. The results of the research in the process section showed that 46.8% of the respondents rated the response of the personnel and management of police stations and police stations in Semnan as average. In terms of environmental patterns, 42.6 percent of the respondents said that they had little or very little access to suitable space (tables and chairs, etc.) for rest at the level of police stations and checkpoints in Semnan city. In terms of creativity and innovation, 46.8% of the respondents believed that the personnel of the police stations and police stations of Semnan city use little or very little creativity to speed up the work. Finally,

Caspian Sea legally is from the water of the coastal countries and it's ownership is limited to these countries. Before the collapse of the Soviet Union, Caspian Sea was used in common by Iran and Soviet Union. The laws of the Caspian Sea were based on the treaties in 1921 (Amity contract) and 1940 (Business and Trekking contract). For a while after Iran and Russian war, Turkmen chai Contract at 1838 regulated the relationship between Iran and Soviet Union around Caspian Lake. From 1921 to Soviet Union collapse, Amity and Business and Trekking contracts were as a legal source for regulating of these two countries behavior related to the Caspian Lake. After the contract between Iran and Soviet Union at 1940 they announced the Caspian as a common Lake between them. Following Soviet Union collapse and increasing the coastal countries from 2 to 5 ones, problems in the legal regime of the Caspian Sea were created. In this descriptive study the researcher investigated the position of Iran, Russian and newly independent coastal countries related to the Caspian Lake.

Once upon a time in our society, it was a common belief that a woman should enter her husband's house in a white dress and leave it in a white dress. Many believed that one should burn and build with problems, but today this view has changed among many people and the number of divorces is increasing day by day. are increasing and couples feel that they don't have to endure each other for the rest of their lives.However, everything does not end here. These days, in many cases, the phenomenon of divorce is caused by issues that were not even possible to believe a decade or two ago, diversity, betrayal, lying and many other issues, the origin of which is a considerable number. It has been from divorces.The current research has been conducted with the objective of criminology of the emotional partner in the divorce statistics of couples. For this purpose, using the qualitative method and the phenomenological approach, the phenomenon under investigation has been identified and represented. The study area of ​​the research includes books, dissertations, magazine articles and Research related to the subject.In this research, a survey was used to collect information and a sample was used. The method of analysis is concept analysis, concept interpretation and theoretical inference.

Committing criminal behavior under the title of any of the acts or omitting acts and caused by intention, mistake or mistake on the part of the members of the society is an unavoidable thing and the medical community is not exempted from this rule. What is the difference between crimes and misdemeanors? There is no doubt that a doctor should always be aware of the results of his actions and behavior in front of patients and members of society during his studies or according to the experiences he gains during his employment, but this matter has been the attention and opinion of the legislator for a long time. Minimize the responsibilities of doctors so that there is no obstacle in the direction of treating and giving life to patients. Limits of doctor's responsibility, what changes have you noticed in the subsequent law? In response to these issues, criminal titles such as offenses and crimes and proactive and reactive responses to medical crimes are analyzed and while stating the basics of the doctor's responsibility, the limits of his powers are determined and finally by analyzing these differences and stating its punishments, we analyze the criminal policy governing this crime.

Punishment reduction is considered as one of the effective tools of criminal policy in individualizing punishment and realizing the correctional and therapeutic goals of punishment, and it is important to avoid exaggeration in this regard. Despite the benefits of the Penal Imprisonment Law 2019 in making the educational role of the prison and its costs ineffective, the shortcomings that create the basis for the increase of crimes, violation of people's rights, deprivation of public comfort and the escape of criminals should not be easily overcome; Among these negative effects are the halving of prison sentences for some common crimes, the prohibition of issuing sentences exceeding the legal minimum, the expansion of the scope of the suspension of punishment, the increase of pardonable crimes, and the application of mitigation provisions on the assumption of multiple and repetition.

The current research from the point of view of practical purpose and in terms of method; It is an exploratory qualitative study that was conducted with content analysis and the statistical community including judges, lawyers, professors and law enforcement experts sought to quantify the negative effects of the law and provide a solution to deal with crime repetition. According to the theoretical saturation, the sample size reached 11 people and the data was collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed through coding.

The most important negative effects of this law; The release of prisoners, the execution of criminals, the expansion of personal revenge and the increase of criminal court cases.

The solutions to prevent the repetition of crimes include reforming the law and criminal policy, building culture, reforming the investigation process and preparing reports, realizing scientific police, training officers and dealing with their violations, becoming more specialized and strengthening the police force.

This research aimed to analyze climatic parameters, including wind speed, dust storms, fog, and hail, using the GIS technique. The data used for this research were collected from Amirieh, Bastam, Foroomad, Qaleh Now-e Kharaqan, Hosseinian, Kohan, Mehdishahr, Majen, and Nardin in Semnan province. Following that, accidents on the main roads of Semnan-Shahrud and Mayamey-Jajarm over six years (2016-2021) were examined. Maps were produced regarding accident risk for each meteorological parameter on the mentioned roads using ArcGIS 10.3 software, divided into five situations: very low, low, medium, high, and very high. A comparison was made between Kriging and IDW as interpolation methods, and it was found that Kriging outperformed the IDW method according to the criteria evaluated by R2, RMSE, and MAE. The results showed that the level of accident risk was reported to range from low to high for wind speed, hail, fog, and dust storms parameters on the Semnan-Shahrood road. According to the findings, the level of accident risk for the climatic parameters of fog and dust storms is very low to moderate on the Mayamey-Jajarm road. Also, the level of risk for wind speed and hail parameters was assessed as low to high and low to medium, respectively.