مجله دانشکده علوم پزشکی نیشابور
پیاپی 34 (بهار 1401)

Listeria monocytogenes has been described as an opportunistic pathogen that mainly affects children, pregnant women, the elderly, or immunocompromised patients. This disease is associated with serious public health and economic consequences. In recent years, due to the importance of this disease, there have been reports of the spread of this pathogen in various food products. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Listeria species in different foods in Iran. The prevalence of Listeria in Iran was compared with the rest of the world, and finally, the antibiotic resistance of Listeria monocytogenes isolated from food was discussed. The results showed that L. monocytogenes were most prevalent in chicken, raw meat, ready-to-eat, fish, dairy, and egg food groups, respectively. In addition, the prevalence of this bacterium, especially in ready-to-eat foods (which are consumed without further heat treatment) and undercooked products, can be a potential risk to public health. Therefore, contamination must be monitored and controlled at all levels of the food chain continuously and periodically.

The current research aims to investigate the structural relationship between early maladaptive schemas and marital commitment of couples mediated by their conflict resolution styles.

The research population comprised all married students of the Islamic Azad University of Mashhad in the academic year 2019-2020 with more than 3 years of marital life. The sample size was determined to be 300 subjects according to the research statistical method based on hidden variables. For data collection, the Adams and Jones Marital Commitment Questionnaire (1997(, Young Schema Questionnaire Short Form 91997), and Rahim Organizational Conflict Inventory-II (1983) were employed. Data were analyzed using structural equations and SPSS-25 and AMOS-24 software.

Investigations demonstrated that the proposed conceptual model has a good fit. The direct effect of early maladaptive schemas on conflict resolution styles (P≤ 0.01, g= 0.72) and on marital commitment (P≤ 0.05, g= -0.44) is significant and negative. The direct effect of conflict resolution styles on marital commitment is also significant and positive (P≤ 0.05, ß= -0.52). indirect effects indicated that the indirect effect of early maladaptive schemas on marital commitment the mediated by their conflict resolution styles is significant (P<0.01, IF= -0/37). The explained variance of marital commitment in terms of early maladaptive schemas and conflict resolution styles was equal to 0.59

According to the research findings, conflict resolution styles are used as a mediating variable in the relationship between early maladaptive schemas and marital commitment, and two variables of conflict resolution styles and early maladaptive schemas are able to predict marital commitment.

Blood biochemical parameters are usually monitored in conjunction with breast carcinoma treatment to check for chemicals released from body tissues during metabolism. The aim of this study was to investigate the evaluation of the effect of Pilates training on the serum biochemical parameters of women with breast cancer.

In this semi-experimental study, 24 women with breast cancer (45-55 years, who had completed chemotherapy) who were referred to health centers therapy and private clinics of Shiraz were selected and divided into two groups: Pilates training and control. The Pilates training group performed exercises for 10 weeks, 3 sessions per week and 60 minutes each session. The control group performed only their daily activities during this period. Blood sampling and anthropometric measurements were performed before and after the training period. Data were analyzed by independent and dependent t-tests at the P <0.05.

The results showed that 10 weeks of Pilates training had no significant effect on the weight, body mass index, and a waist-to-hip ratio of women with breast cancer (p>0.05). Pilates training had no significant effect on changes in blood urea nitrogen, uric acid, and phosphorus in women with breast cancer (p>0.05). the levels of creatinine (t=3.833 and p=0.001) and calcium (t=3.350 and p=0.004) in the Pilates training group were significantly lower than the control group.

According to the results, it seems that Pilates training can help improve some blood biochemical parameters in women with breast cancer.

Contamination of agricultural products with heavy metals is a serious threat to the quality and safety of these products. This study was conducted to investigate the heavy metals concentrations of lead, cadmium, and copper in cucumber, tomato, leek, and parsley products in the Ramhormoz fruit and vegetable field in the spring of 2019.

Sampling from 3 stations with 3 repetitions was done randomly. Samples were measured after preparation and acid digestion using the atomic absorption apparatus. Then, the daily intake of heavy metals (DIM) and health risk index (HRI) of crop consumption were calculated.

The results showed that the concentration of cadmium and lead in cucumber and tomato was not significantly different (P>0.05), but their concentration in parsley was significantly higher than in leek (P<0.05). The copper levels in cucumber, tomato, leek, and parsley were not significantly different (P>0.05). Cucumbers had the highest mean concentration of cadmium, lead, and copper (3.42±1.22, 6.79±2.47, and 4.39±1.57 mg/kg, respectively). Leeks had the lowest concentrations of cadmium (1.72±0.56 mg/kg) and lead (2.72±0.64 mg/kg) and parsley had the lowest copper levels (1.52±0.34 mg/kg) among the products. Lead and cadmium concentrations in all samples were significantly higher than the FAO and WHO standards.

The health risk index of copper in all products was less than 1 and consumption of these products will not pose a health threat to people. The lead health risk index in children was more than 1 in cucumber and tomato and less than 1 in parsley and leek.

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders that reduce the quality of life. Since no physical cause has been identified for Irritable bowel syndrome, psychological interventions can be used to reduce the symptoms of the disease and increase the quality of life in people with IBS. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on the severity of symptoms and quality of life in people with irritable bowel syndrome.

The present study was conducted as a quasi-experimental method of pre-test and post-test with a control group. The statistical population included all patients with irritable bowel syndrome referred to the Razi subspecialty gastroenterology clinic in Rasht. 30 people were selected by convenience sampling method and assigned to experimental and control groups. The IBS Symptom Severity Scale and the Short Quality of Life Scale (SF-36) were used to collect data. After performing the intervention for 8 sessions, the research data were analyzed using SPSS software and a one-way analysis of covariance.

The result revealed significant differences between the mean scores of quality of life and severity of symptoms in the pre-test and post-test and post-test with follow-up (P <0.01).

Based on the results, it can be concluded that mindfulness-based cognitive therapy is effective in reducing symptom severity and increasing the quality of life in people with irritable bowel syndrome.

Medical professionalism is one of the key competencies of physicians and the basis of a trust-based relationship between physician and patient. It has become more important with recent advances and challenges in medicine. The present study investigated the attitudes of geriatric medicine residents toward medical professionalism and determined areas of difference.

In this qualitative study, the six principles of medical professionalism were presented in the form of a clinical scenario and the residents were asked to read them and discuss one or two question(s). Data were evaluated by content analysis method.

There was no significant difference between the variables of age, sex and stages of the residents and their general attitude toward the principles of medical professionalism. In general, the level of familiarity and attention of participants to the concepts of justice and excellence were lower than other principles.

Despite the positive attitude of the residents to the general concepts of medical professionalism, there is still a serious vacuum in the field of education, assessment and adherence. Medical educators should be more concerned with training in this field. Future studies are needed to help identify the teaching mission.

The relationship between meat consumption and mental disorders is less investigated. We examined the association of meat consumption with the odds of depression, anxiety, and psychological distress in Iranian adults.

This cross-sectional study was conducted on 3362 subjects with18-55 years. Usual dietary intakes were assessed through the use of a dish-based 106-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS), and General Health Questionnaire(GHQ), all validated in the Iranian population, were applied to collect data on anxiety, depression, and psychological distress, respectively.

In the current study, 28.6, 13.6 and 22.6%, of participants suffered from depression, anxiety, and psychological distress, respectively. Individuals in the top quartile of red meat intake had a 43% increased risk of depression (OR=1.43; 95%CI:1.09-1.89), compared to those in the first quartile, after adjustment for potential confounders. The highest vs. lowest red meat intake was related to a 92% greater risk of depression (OR=1.92;95%CI:1.17-3.15) in males. In overweight or obese individuals, despite the lack of any association between red meat intake and mental disorders, high intake of white meat was associated with a lower odd of psychological distress (OR=0.64;95%CI:0.42-0.99) and depression (OR=0.68;95%CI:0.45-1.00). In normal-weight participants, the highest vs. lowest red meat intake was related to 66% greater odds for depression than those (OR=1.66; 95%CI:1.14-2.42).

Red meat consumption was associated with an increased risk of depression, especially in men and normal-weight participants. In overweight or obese subjects, white meat intake was inversely associated with psychological distress.

Plant essential oils are used as natural preservatives due to their antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of Perovskia abrotanoides Kar essential oil (PAEO) nanoemulsion.

The chemical composition of the essential oil was determined by gas chromatography apparatus connected to a mass spectrometer. The antioxidant properties PAEO essential oil by DPPH method and its antibacterial effect on Aeromonas hydrophila, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella Typhimurium and Stylococcus aureus were determined by broth microdilution, agar well diffusion and disk diffusion methods.

In the chemical analysis of PAEO, 21 compounds were identified, of which eucalyptol and camphor and a-pinene were the major constituents. The IC50 of PAEO was 46.44 mg / ml. Among the studied bacteria, Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes showed the highest sensitivity (MIC=0.03%) and Staphylococcus aureus showed the lowest sensitivity (MIC=0.2%) to PAEO nanoemulsion. The bacterial growth inhibition zone in disk diffusion method in the studied concentrations, from 7.06±0.60 to 58.43±1.40 mm and in the agar well diffusion method between 6.56±0.60 to 54.93±1.10 mm was variable.

PAEO Nanoemulsion can be used in the food industry despite its phenolic and camphor compounds as a natural antioxidant and antimicrobial compound.

Athletes may experience sleep deprivation for a variety of reasons. Sleep deprivation can disrupt the immune system. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of 24 hours of sleep deprivation on the plasma level of inflammatory cytokines following an exhausting exercise in elite athletes.

This research was a quasi-experimental study, and a pre-test- post-test design with a control group, was used to perform it. Twenty-four members of the national youth and adult water polo teams were present in the national team camps in the spring of 1400, and members of water polo league teams were randomly divided into the experimental and control groups. Both groups performed an exhausting exercise protocol (Bruce test) in the pre-test. One week after the pre-test period, the experimental group spent 24 hours under sleep deprivation, while the control group followed the same regular sleep program and did not change their sleep program, and the two groups performed the exhausting training protocol again. Analysis of variance with repeated measures, paired t test and independent t-test were used for inferential analysis.

The results of the present study showed that 24 hours of sleep deprivation has a significant effect on TNF-α (sig=0.001, F=8.442) and IL-6 (sig=0.001, F=6.340), of elite athletes following an exhausting exercise.

Exhausting physical activity after sleep deprivation causes an increase in TNF-α and IL-6, and this confirms previous researches that have reported the effect of sleep deprivation on various physiological and functional indicators in athletes.

Given the variety of risks that threaten information, it is necessary to strengthen the security and confidentiality of data and health information in health care organizations, given the breadth of hospital information systems in medical centers. The aim of this study was to investigate the security of the information system of Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences based on HIPAA and ISO / IEC27001 standards.

The present study was a descriptive cross-sectional study that was conducted in 2021. The study population was the hospital information system of Hakim and 22 Bahman hospitals of Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences. The collection tool in this study was a researcher-made checklist based on HIPAA and ISO / IEC27001 standards. Data collection was done by visiting the researchers in person and observing and reviewing the documents related to the standards and asking questions from HIS experts (4 people in each hospital).

The findings of the study showed that the technical standards of 100% in Bahman 22 Hospital and in Hakim Hospital had the highest standards of information security policy of 100% and information security organizations of 90%.

Despite the desirability of information security in the hospitals under study, because so much information is exchanged in hospitals on a daily basis, non-compliance with nano-level security can cause irreparable damage to hospitals. Therefore, the managers of health information management and information technology departments of hospitals should try to identify the vulnerabilities and plan to improve the shortcomings of hospital information security.

Nonsuicidal self-injury is one of the conditions for further study; Therefore, the present study aimed to predict nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) in adolescents based on stressful life events, maladaptive schemas and spiritual coping.

The present study is a descriptive correlational study. The statistical population of this study consisted of all high school students in public schools in Karaj in the academic year 2020-2021. The sample consisted of 351 high school students who were selected online during Covid 19 disease. Participants responded to the revised stressful life events screening questionnaire (SLESQ-R), the Young schema questionnaire-short form (YSQ-SF), the spiritual coping questionnaire (SCQ), and the deliberate self–harm inventory (DSHI). The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software using Pearson correlation and regression analysis methods.

The findings showed that there is a significantpositive relationship between stressful life events, maladaptive schemas, negative spiritual coping and NSSI (p< 0.01). Stressful life events, maladaptive schemas, and negative spiritual coping also predict NSSI in adolescents (p< 0.05).

The results of the present study showed that stressful life events, maladaptive schemas and spiritual coping play an important role in adolescents' NSSI; Therefore, paying attention to these variables in the psychopathology and preparing educational interventions in this field can be useful.

Genetics, nutrition and lifestyle interact to cause type 2 diabetes and obesity. On the other hand, there are conflicting reports about the effect of strength training on cardiovascular health and metabolic factors in professional heaviest-weight-class athletes. The aim of this article was to report single nucleotide changes in some genes associated with muscle strength and type 2 diabetes in an elite heaviest-weight-class athlete using the WES method.

After obtaining written consent from one of the athletes in the men's national weightlifting team, 5 cc of blood was received. After DNA extraction from blood sample, the WES method was used to examine the genes.

Single nucleotide changes in KCNJ11 (rs5213, rs5215, rs1800467, rs5219) and PCK1 (707555) genes were observed in the athlete's genome. New variants (230845794A> G and 230845977G> A) were also observed in the AGT gene and (61564052A> G and (61573761T> C) in the ACE gene. New studies with larger sample sizes are needed to determine the exact association of these variants with muscle strength or type 2 diabetes in elite heaviest-weight-class in weightlifters.