فصلنامه انتظام اجتماعی
سال چهاردهم شماره 3 (پاییز 1401)

The main use of social networks is to facilitate communication and interactions between people, which leads to the expansion of communication in today's world; but due to the use of these tools by profiteers, fraudsters and cybercriminals, the police, as the person responsible for establishing security and social order in the country, should use social networks strategically. The main goal of the current research is to investigate and determine police strategies in the effective use of virtual social networks and their strategic use for organizational goals.

In terms of its objectives this study is of an applied research type and in terms of method it is considered descriptive-analytical. It is conducted using the Analysis of Hierarchical Process (AHP) and field study and using questionnaire tools and a statistical community of 50 senior managers and experts mastered in the field of media and people who have sufficient knowledge and experience in social networks and police missions. After extracting seven strategies, the data was analyzed based on Export choice software.

The findings of the research showed the strategy of "measures and tools to prevent crimes and detect crimes" with 0.222 points, the strategy of "access to the latest technologies" with 0.180 points, the strategy of "controlling police operations as best as possible" with 0.158 points, the strategy of "training, informing and socialization" with 0.118 points, the strategy of "acquiring information about the accused" with 0.116 points, the strategy of "rapid dissemination of news and information" with 0.110 points, and the strategy of "transparency in activities" with 0.097 points.

The results of the research showed that the strategy of "preventive actions and tools and detection of crimes" has the highest priority in the strategic use of social networks by the police. Therefore, according to the speed of information exchange in virtual social networks in the field of education and information transfer, this strategy can be used to spread social warnings to prevent crimes.

The personality traits of extroversion and flexibility are the two main personality dimensions of the comprehensive plan of psychological-sociological training of police students, which play an effective role in the implementation of organizational missions. Therefore, the present research was carried out in order to identify and measure the personality traits of extroversion and flexibility among the students of Imam Hassan Mojtabi University of Officers and Police Training.

The current research is of an applied type in terms of its objectives, descriptive in nature, and qualitative-quantitative in terms of data type. The statistical population in the qualitative part was the experts and specialists of psychology in the field of police and in the quantitative part, the approved students of Officer and Police Training University who were studying in the academic year of 2020-2021. The sample of the first community was 12 people (experts) and the second community was 247 people (students) randomly selected. To develop the data collection tool, first the indicators of the personality traits of the police students were identified and based on the indicators, the students' personality test was developed through the focus group. Then the validity of the test was confirmed through experts and its reliability through Cronbach's alpha test (0.97). To analyze the data in the qualitative part, through the focus group and experts' confirmation, the components were identified and in the quantitative part, factor analysis tests were employed by Lisrel software.

According to the findings, the components of extroversion include intimacy, people orientation, decisiveness, excitement and cheerfulness, and the components of flexibility include controllability, creative openness, dynamism, positive interpretation of change, regulation of emotions and solutions.

According to the model extracted from the constructs of extroversion and flexibility, the necessary measures can be taken while measuring the mentioned components in relation to their education and promotion in order to achieve the organizational goals.

Delinquency is one of the forms of social deviations and its spread endangers social life. This research was conducted to study the tendency to delinquent behaviors in teenagers with regard to dark personality traits.

In terms of its objectives this research is of an applied type and terms of method it is descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of this research was all teenagers aged 13 to 17 years in Noorabad Delfan city in 2022. The sample of the research was 370 teenagers who were selected by cluster sampling method. They answered online questionnaires of dark personality (Paulos and Jones, 2011) and delinquent behaviors (Pichero et al., 2019). The collected data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient and multivariate regression using the simultaneous entry method using SPSS.26 software.

The results of the correlation coefficient showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between the dark triad of personality and delinquency (P<0.001). The findings of multivariate regression showed that 35% of the variance of delinquency is explained by antisocial traits (psychopath), Machiavellianism and narcissism.

Juvenile delinquency should be considered through self-control and empathy training using evidence-based approaches in important and applied research.

The police have the heavy responsibility of ensuring the security and internal order of the territory. Success combined with the accuracy of performance in dangerous police missions and unavoidable conflicts is closely related to the combat ability of employees. Therefore, the aim of the current research was to identify the social consequences of the development and promotion of police combat sports.

In terms of its objectives the current research is of an applied type, in terms of method it is an exploratory research, and in terms of data type it is considered qualitative. The community of participants included professors and experts in the field of social sciences, physical education, as well as police commanders who were in direct contact with the people in 2022 and were engaged in their assigned missions. Sampling was purposefully selected, which reached theoretical saturation with 12 people. The research tool included a semi-structured interview and the validity of the research was confirmed by Guba and Lincoln method. Data analysis was done by theme analysis method.

The social consequences of the development and promotion of police combat sports are a social security component (including indicators of social stability, social order, social cohesion, social acceptance, social surveillance, social exclusion of criminals, social prevention, social peace, and social control) and a social capital component (including indicators of social participation, social trust, social authority, social acceptance and satisfaction, social approval, social attractiveness, social credit, social commitment, social acceptance, social image and dignity, social interaction, and sense of security).

According to the findings of the research, it can be concluded that paying attention to sports and strengthening the physical fitness of employees, in addition to the immediate effect on the success of missions, also brings disciplinary consequences and social capital to the police.

Violence is one of the most important factors that is considered a serious threat to people's health, security and rights and has irreparable negative consequences. The aim of the current research was to identify social violence and social exclusion of Tehran citizens in the context of social ethics and to present a grounded theory.

The current research is of qualitative type and was done with grounded theory method. The statistical populations of the research are women and men living in Tehran who have experienced at least one case of social violence. The sample size was 27 people who were selected by multiple purposeful (homogeneous, theoretical) sampling method. An attempt has been made to interpret the interview and observational data and conceptualize these data by in-depth interview and entering the mental and semantic world of the interviewees, and the interviews with people continued until reaching theoretical saturation in terms of concept. In the following, open, central and selective coding was done, and then by determining the core category, theorizing was done.

Factors such as poverty and unemployment, lack of access to social and educational services, lack of social participation, inefficiency of education and training programs of formal and informal institutions, revenge and grudge, inappropriate environmental conditions and inappropriate role modeling, feeling of social and economic injustice, failure to study, social insecurity and mistrust, etc., have formed causal, contextual and intervening conditions..

The creation of the phenomenon of "social distance and injustice" in the studied society has objectively created a kind of gap and sense of distance with other groups, especially the people of the higher classes of the society and safer neighborhoods, which causes resentment and social annoyance and the increase of social violence and psychological and social insecurity are of its consequences.

One of the concerns of the police is the reduction and prevention of repeated delinquency and victimization. The measures and orders, policies, documents, and domestic and international laws, etc. can draw a bright future for prevention. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine the I.R.I. Police guideline to prevent the recidivism with restorative approaches.

In terms of its objectives this research is of a developmental-applied, and in terms of nature, it is descriptive-analytical, and in terms of methodology it is qualitative (theme analysis). The statistical populations that were interviewed by experts and police elites were selected by a snowball sampling method and the interview continued with 19 people until theoretical saturation. The data collection tool is a semi-structural interview whose validity and reliability were confirmed in the meeting sessions. Open and pivotal coding method is used for data analysis.

Police can provide wider and timely access to victims of crime and criminals to justice and compensation for damages. They can provide a good alternative to criminal proceedings and reduces the frequency and intensity of recidivism, especially when the rehabilitation approach is considered. They can avoid more stigmatization to the criminals. They can help them integrate into the community to improve public participation and confidence and take more effective local measures to prevent crime.

Recidivism and victimization take a large portion of the police power, so I.R.I. Police must focus its approach to restorative prevention to achieve crime prevention. To do this, they must consider their vision, mission, and values on the principles of restorative justice and enable strategic priorities.