نشریه پژوهش اجتماعی
پیاپی 55 (تابستان 1401)

The present study seeks to investigate the resistance towards accepting the official norms of the Iranian society among students of Tehran Azad University. The study is applied research in terms of the research objective and a descriptive study in terms of research path. The statistical population includes all students of Azad University, Central Tehran branch, among whom 384 people were selected as the sample through systematic random sampling and answered the researcher-made questionnaire. The questionnaire was made up of 77 items. The raw data obtained from the research questionnaire were analyzed using SPSS26 software, independent t-test, and one-way ANOVA. Results of the independent t-test indicated that gender influences the resistance towards accepting the norms of society, and men are more resistant to accepting the norms compared to women. Results of one-way ANOVA revealed that various age groups perform differently in terms of accepting the norms, and older people are less inclined to resist the norms. It was also found that academic degree plays no part in the acceptance of or resistance towards the norms of the community; however, it was revealed from the indicators that those with lower academic degrees are more resistant towards accepting family rules and norms, and have a higher tendency to take part in nightly parties and gatherings. It was also found in the description of means that the level of participants' disregard for the rules of the society in terms of tendency to participate in nightly parties and gatherings was low. On the other hand, it was revealed that participants had a moderate level of disregard for the rules and norms of the society in terms of friendship and relationship with the opposite sex and the rules on clothing. Overall, the resistance towards the norms of the society was revealed to be low.

The most important duty and the essential role of social communication facilities is the spreading of social events. All national and international news media that mostly act in the TV section, always confirm this affair that for attracting audience and affecting on it, the level of audience´s reliance on news should be increased. The goal of this research is considering related sociological factors with amount of reliance on the news of 1, 2 and 3 TV channels between young citizens of Tabriz. For reaching this end, Giddens, Offe, Putnam and Sztompka´s theories have been used. The used research method of this research is the measured one and the statistical society of research are all Tabriz´s citizens that are in the age range of 15- 43 that the number of them is 579694. From this number, 400 people was chosen as the statistical research sample by the use of multi- stage branch sampling method. Data are collected by the use of questionnaire and for data analysis »SPSS« software was used. Based on research results, the average reliance on the news at every three channels was at relatively low revel. By comparing the average, it is known that the amount of reliance on the news of channel 2 is to some extent more than other channels. Most hypothesizes by using of R Pearson test were confirmed and the results of regression analysis showed that positive assessment variables from operation of national media, feeling social safety and the amount of religiousness are identified as the affecting variables on the amount of reliance on the news of 1, 2 and 3 channels that can wholly expressed more the 20 percent of dependent variable´s changes.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between cultural intelligence and social skills 10th Students of Salam Boys Schools in Tehran. In terms of the purpose of this research, the research method is descriptive - correlation type. The statistical population of this research was all 10th grade students of  Salam Boys Schools in Tehran, They were selected by simple randomized cluster sampling of 243 people based on Morgan's table. The instruments for collecting data were Cultural Intelligence Questionnaire Ang and colleagues (2004) and Adolescent Social Skills (TISS) by Indarbitzens and Foster (1992). They were distributed among the students and then collected. The hypotheses were analyzed using descriptive statistics (Domain, minimum, maximum, Average, standard deviation, variance, Squatting and elongation) and inferential (Pearson correlation coefficient and simple and stepwise regression). According to the data analysis, the findings of the research showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between cultural intelligence in general and its two dimensions (metacognitive and motivational dimension) with social skills, and metacognitive dimension has the most contribution in social skills prediction.

Many efforts have been made to explain the reasons for the formation of the construction and the nature of the state power. The reasons for the development of such a nature, due to the principles of social, political and economic construction, have led to differences of opinion in this regard, which in most cases do not have the necessary qualities to explain and describe the current situation. In contemporary Iranian history, the state has a different foundation with European societies due to its independent nature and its origin and function. Given the socio-political changes of contemporary Iran, especially from the history of access to oil revenues, the government in Iran has evolved as a superior power over classes in its own evolution. In other words, the state's independence evolved not in the context of the competition of social forces and the balance of the class, but in the context of the weakness of classes and social groups. In this context, various ideas have been developed in the study of the construction of government in Iran and its relation to society. In this paper, we are going to look at some of the most important comments of this field on some of their theoretical inefficiencies and argue that the approach of financial sociology can better explain the relations between government and society in contemporary Iran.

In terms of purpose, the research method was applied and was descriptive correlational as regards the method of data collection  The results indicated that there is a positive significant relationship between motivating language and symmetrical communications with the coefficient value of 0.41, between motivating language and transparent communication perceptions with the coefficient value of 0.48, between two-way symmetrical communications and transparent organizational communication perceptions with the coefficient value of 0.26, between transparent organizational communication perceptions and employee-organization relationships perception with the coefficient value of 0.14, between employee-organization relationships perception and the variables of perceived corporate reputation and employee engagement with the coefficient values of 0.61 and 0.64, and corporate reputation and employee engagement with the coefficient value of 0.30  the study’s major hypothesis is confirmed although the direct effect of motivating language on employee engagement with the coefficient value of 0.04 was not significant.