مجله نظارت و بازرسی
پیاپی 62 (زمستان 1401)

The educational system to prevent administrative and educational corruption needs research in this field. But researchers have done few researches in the field of corruption in higher education. Therefore, the aim of the current research is to provide a comprehensive model of effective factors in preventing administrative corruption in the country's educational institutions.

of this research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of combined-exploratory method. The statistical population in the qualitative department of experts and administrators of Tehran state universities and the sample is 32 experts from the mentioned universities who were selected by the snowball method. The statistical population in the quantitative part was 13,279 employees of the same universities and the sample in the quantitative part was 373 people using Cochran's formula and was determined by the random classification method. The tool for collecting data in the qualitative part is interviews with experts and in the quantitative part, a researcher-made questionnaire. To check the reliability of the measurement model, factor loading coefficients, Cronbach's alpha and composite reliability were used. Also, average variance extracted (AVE) was used for the validity of the underlying variables. The preliminary questionnaire was modified by 32 experts and its formal and content validity and reliability were confirmed. To analyze the data in the qualitative part, metacomposition was used and in the quantitative part, fuzzy Delphi, Dimtel, MICMAC analysis and structural equations were used.

Effective factors in preventing corruption by prioritizing organizational, managerial, political, judicial, individual and cultural factors are effective in preventing administrative corruption in universities.

Educational institutions can prevent administrative and educational corruption in the form of the proposed model by identifying the components of individual, organizational, managerial, cultural, political, legal, clarification and cultural factors.

Since the publication of the first research on management, human resource management researchers have always tried to provide appropriate theories so that managers of organizations can become effective managers by relying on them. It is natural that the task of managers in the organization in machine-like theories is very different from the real management of human resources. Based on this, the current research has been conducted with the aim of designing a model of human resources management at strategic levels based on the experiences of 8 years of holy defense with a view to the future.

The current applied research, the combined research method and the number of members of the statistical community are 50 managers of the Faraja organization, all of whom are expert professors, university faculty members and have a master's or doctorate degree and have at least 20 years of management experience at macro levels. And they are strategic. The sampling method of the research is snowball until theoretical saturation is reached. To analyze the interviews, the content analysis method was used and the experiences of 8 years of defending the latest achievements in the field of management at strategic levels, in the research literature, with the help of case meta-analysis. The analysis was done. For the purpose of accreditation, the survey questionnaire of members and experts was used, and for designing the model and identifying the relationships between the dimensions of the model, the interpretive structural modeling method was used.

The findings of the research indicate that the dimensions of the management model at strategic levels based on the experiences of 8 years of Holy Defense with a view to the future, in order of priority, are: level one: belief, value and religious dimension (beliefs of the heart); Level two: personality and moral dimension (speech or language beliefs); Level three: jurisprudential and behavioral dimension (practical or practical beliefs).

The results of this research show that it is important that if the manager is a moral person and has strong values in the field of self-improvement and communication with God; That is, someone whose primary and basic goal is the satisfaction of God and also takes other situational factors into consideration, one can expect that his management will be successful.

The role of soldiers as a part of the main body of the armed forces in increasing and improving the efficiency of the armed forces is undeniable. Understanding the problems and problems of soldiers and the causes of crimes and violations by them is one of the factors that can play an effective and significant role in the establishment of an integrated behavioral and disciplinary system in the service environment. The purpose of this research is to investigate the causes of crimes and violations of conscripts from the perspective of criminological approaches and ways to deal with it.

This research is practical in terms of its purpose, and its method is to describe and analyze the content of qualitative data obtained from sources and legal scientific texts and internal documents in the field of the research topic.

The findings showed that from the point of view of criminological approaches, extra-organizational factors are more effective than internal factors in the occurrence of crimes and violations of conscripts. Among external factors, family, economic, cultural and psychological factors are more effective than other factors. And among the factors within the organization after the commanders encounter, the factors of interpersonal interactions, legal and structural issues, the organization's comfort facilities, the type of task assigned and the way of training will be effective. In order to prevent the occurrence of crimes and violations by soldiers, the armed forces should be able to control or neutralize all factors as much as possible.

Soldiers who do not have social, economic and family support are more prone to crimes and violations, therefore by taking measures such as informing employees of the consequences of committing crimes and violations, empowering employees, meritocracy and selection of employees and managers, paying attention to economic and structural problems, dealing quickly and timely with crimes and violations, especially in educational centers, raising religious beliefs, paying attention to the authenticity and family background of people, as well as dealing effectively and decisively with criminals and offenders, the occurrence of crimes and controls and restrains the violations of the servicemen.

Cyberspace is an emerging world that, along with its challenges, contains many opportunities that can be minimized by optimally using the opportunities in this space. Therefore, this research has been done with the aim of analyzing the experience of experts about the internal strengths and external opportunities of the police command of J.A. in the use of virtual space.

This research is applied-developmental in terms of purpose; In terms of data type, it is qualitative and in terms of nature, it is exploratory. Delphi and content analysis methods were used to analyze the collected data. The statistical population of this research is the police experts, from whom a total of 30 people were selected by targeted sampling and based on theoretical saturation. In the following, to ensure the validity of the tool, the opinions of expert professors and participants in data analysis were used, and to ensure reliability, the methods of recyclability and repeatability were used.

10 cases of strengths: monitoring of cyberspace by the police, the presence of expert staff in the field of cyberspace and prevention, the existence of technological infrastructure, proper interaction with institutions in charge of cyberspace affairs, the possibility of producing appropriate content, etc., and 10 opportunities : Utilizing the platform of safe virtual space in education, setting up native virtual networks, using emerging technologies, etc. were extracted in the use of cyber space.

Based on the findings, it was suggested to take advantage of internal strengths and potential opportunities in the environment in order to culture the use of virtual space by employees; awareness and education; the promotion of media literacy and other should be used.

Organizations that seek to maintain and improve their position, rely on their planning to improve the motivation of commanders, chiefs and managers. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to identify and provide solutions to improve the motivation of commanders, chiefs and police managers.

This research is exploratory and conducted using a qualitative method, the statistical population is all police commanders and managers in the country and the sample size is 31 of them who were selected purposefully. The data collection tool was a semi-structured interview that was conducted until the theoretical saturation of the researcher, and finally the data was analyzed using the content analysis method as inclusive, organizing and basic themes.

After data analysis, 3 main themes including material, spiritual and organizational motivators with 37 sub-themes were identified.

The results show that the country's law enforcement command should use a comprehensive approach and appropriate planning in accordance with the three high, middle and operational levels of command and law enforcement management to strengthen and improve the level of material incentives such as "appropriate service facilities, Welfare facilities and proper encouragement and punishment", spiritual motivators such as "promoting the culture of martyrdom, creating a spiritual atmosphere, promoting Islamic lifestyle and creating sincere and fraternal relationships" and organizational motivators such as "paying attention to youthfulness in appointments, creating an atmosphere of healthy competition , effective monitoring and evaluation, the possibility of improving the level of knowledge and education of police commanders.

In addition to human life, the suffering and pain caused by destructive behavior has penetrated into organizational life as well. The purpose of this research is to analyze the antecedent and consequent factors of destructive behavior of employees in the organization.

This research was conducted in the framework of a qualitative approach and using a meta-combination method with a systematic approach and the seven-step method of Sandelowski and Barroso. The statistical population under study includes all domestic and foreign researches published in the field of destructive behaviors, bad behaviors and supporting theories (from 2012 to 2022). In this regard, the keywords related to the purpose of the research were searched, and finally, 101 articles that met the inclusion criteria were analyzed using the three-stage coding method (open, central, selective) through MAXQDA software, were analyzed.

Based on the selected articles and surveys, 159 indicators were categorized in the form of 18 sub-dimensions and 6 main dimensions. The antecedents of destructive behavior of employees in three categories of individual factors (personality characteristics, suspicious attitude, collusive motivation, weakness perception, social rejection), group factors (repulsive leadership, humiliating atmosphere, friction-oriented attitudes, structural weakness), environmental factors (threat-oriented policies, upstream pressure and extra-organizational contracts) and the results of destructive behaviors with three categories of cognitive-emotional factors. Tendency to deviance, ambiguity, institutionalized pessimism) physical-motor factors (neuro-muscular tics, weak brain function and memory loss) behavioral factors (autocratic-authoritarian behavior, anti-productive behavior, harmful behaviors) were extracted.

Researchers in the field of organizational behavior can take positive and efficient steps by considering these factors in order to identify and reduce the destructive behaviors of employees.

Basically, non-observance of citizenship rights, the observance of the citizenship rights of the accused by the police, in addition to legal consequences, results in social consequences, which the legislator has foreseen to guarantee criminal executions for those who do not comply with these laws, therefore, in this research, The above topic has been discussed in the specialized police of Fars Police Command, the purpose of which is to identify these challenges and provide solutions to solve or reduce these challenges.

The present research is applied in terms of purpose and qualitative in terms of method. A total of 18 law enforcement experts, experts and law enforcement officers, judicial officials and university professors participated in the research and were selected using the purposeful sampling method. The data were collected using the in-depth interview method and were analyzed and analyzed with the grounded theory method and according to the three stages of coding.

In general, 13 sub-categories were created in the process of data analysis, and from the combination of these sub-categories, 4 main categories include legislative-organizational challenges, the need to implement judicial orders without regard to the requirements of the organization, ignoring the status of specific defendants. and the high expectation without the support of the prisons organization was extracted and finally the core category (selective code) of this research was determined legal-judicial challenges related to the observance of the citizenship rights of the accused.

The results showed that the importance of solving these challenges is so great that if they are not solved, it will certainly lead to prejudice against the police, the occurrence of service and judicial problems for the employees, and the weakening and violation of the citizenship rights of the accused.