نشریه پژوهش های رهبری آموزشی
پیاپی 24 (زمستان 1401)

Iranian higher education has been facing many challenges and problems during its evolution. In such a way that the upcoming challenges and prolems create obstacles on the way to excellence, cause disruption in activities and functions, disturb the balance and coherence, and also reduce its performance and inefficiency in the society in the field that has been different. One of the influential components in the policy making and planning process of the higher education system is to identify and deal with the challenges and problems arising from them, in a conscious, measured way, at the right time, and based on the intellectual foundations and practical and behavioral framework. It is based on truth, rationality and logic. In this regard, the present research aimed to identify the system of higher education economy’s problems and their ranking through a systematic review of scientific and academic texts and semi-structured interviews. It has been done with experts and scientific and operational experts in this field. The current research was in the category of applied research in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical method. Data and information were analyzed using thematic analysis method and Friedman's test. Based on the analysis of opinions and views of experts, 9 challenges and 23 problems were counted and identified. The results of the Friedman test have also shown that challenges and issues do not have the same importance and priority. Therefore, according to the conditions and needs of society, addressing some of them has more priority than others.

One of the main topics of the developed educational systems in the third millennium is the importance of the role of "educational management" in advancing the goals of education. Therefore, the educational principal as a "leader", "core" and "influential factor" in the school has a fundamental role in the quality of the implementation of educational programs and the advancement of educational goals. With these conditions, the current research was conducted with the aim of identifying the categories of necessity and importance of establishing a master's programme in management and educational leadership in Farhangian University. A qualitative method with a Grounded Theory approach was used to conduct the research. The study field was all experts, professors, educational management, and leadership specialists in education organization and Farhangian University, that 21 of them were interviewed using purposeful sampling and theoretical strategy. The research tool was semi-structured interview. The findings were analyzed and validated by three-step coding. According to the results of the research "Importance and Necessity: Career, Curriculum and Content Research" as the core category, "Education and learning strategies and programmes, resources and facilities, future research and foresight and providing and preparing human resources" as causal conditions, "Development in the curriculum and learning environment, needs assessment, requirements and organizational support and networking and interaction" as strategies, the categories of "University culture and climate and the group of students and professors" as a context, "Involvement of students and professors with problems related to the organizational field" as intervening conditions, and educational and organizational categories were raised as a result. Using the results of this research can be effective in improving the leadership and management of schools and the efficiency of the educational system.

This research has been conducted with the aim of analyzing academic mentoring in order to employ management students. Due to explain academic mentoring and obtain appropriate data, the qualitative research method and the data type of the foundation were used. The statistical population of the study covered all professors and experts who were aware of academic mentoring. Then, semi-structured interviews were conducted with by snowball sampling method until theoretical saturation was reached. The three steps of open coding, axial coding and selective coding of Strauss and Corbin (1998) were used to analyze the data. Findings showed that 45 concepts and 18 categories were counted during the three stages of data analysis and were placed in a paradigm model. These categories are in the order mentioned: in the form of elements of causal conditions (3), main phenomenon (academic mentoring of employability of management students), contextual conditions (3), intervening conditions (2), strategies (4), consequences (4) they got findings showing that academic mentoring can develop students' competencies and skills.

Given the importance of acquiring knowledge and applying it in empowerment and efficiency of human resources in organizations and given that a large part of the knowledge required by employees within the organization and with other employees or in organizational documents and procedures, the purpose of this research was to identify the factors and methods of knowledge sharing in schools; therefore, knowledge is provided to the staff and circulated by them in schools and causes their ability and school productivity. In this research, the qualitative research approach and the data method of the systematic foundation have been used. The statistical population of the study was professors of education and elite educational agents in the Ministry of Education and in Tehran schools. Theoretical sampling method was used and 16 people were interviewed to reach theoretical saturation. Open, axial and selective coding methods were used to analyze the interviews. The validity of the interview was assessed by experts and its reliability was confirmed by an intra-subject agreement between the two coders. Three factors of individual factors, organizational factors and human resources training have been identified and selected as selection codes and 13 factors have been identified as core codes.

Due to the changing business environment, organizations have to consider innovation as a necessary prerequisite to increase their efficiency, productivity and sustainability. In this regard, they should pay more attention to increasing job enthusiasm, psychological empowerment, and stimulating innovative work behaviors. Therefore, this research was conducted with the aim of investigating the mediating role of job enthusiasm in the model of innovative work behaviors based on psychological empowerment. In terms of the objective, this research is part of applied research, and in terms of the data collection method, it is part of correlational quantitative research. The statistical population of this research was made up of all the male and female employees of the oil company in the central regions of Iran in 1401. Using simple random sampling, 345 people were selected as the research sample. The data of this research were collected using Spritzer and Mishra's (1995) Standard Questionnaires of Psychological Empowerment, Job Enthusiasm,      Salonava and Shoufeli (2001) and Innovative Work Behavior of Dijang and Denhartog (2010). According to the results of the research, the effect of psychological empowerment on job enthusiasm was 0.380, on innovative work behaviors was 0.297, and the effect of job enthusiasm on work behaviors was 0.352 (p<0.001). In addition, the results showed that psychological empowerment due to job enthusiasm has an effect on innovative work behaviors to the extent of 0.667 (p<0.05). Therefore, all variables have positively and directly influenced each other (p<0.001).

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of psychological capital training on organizational socialization and job burnout of Khorramabad education staff. The research method was quasi-experimental and its design was pre-test-post-test and follow-up with a control group. The statistical population of the study was all education staff in Khorramabad, whose number at the time of the study was about 1534. The statistical sample of the study was 30 people (due to the semi-experimental nature of the study) was selected by purposive sampling and randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. Data collection tools included Taormina (1994) Organizational Socialization Questionnaire and Maslash et al. (1996). Data analysis was performed by analysis of covariance. The results of analysis of covariance showed that the adjusted means of socialization scores and burnout in the experimental and control groups were significantly different. Sociability (4.391) F = and (0.04) P =; Burnout: F = (29.339) and P = (0.001) which was significant at the level of 0.05. The use of psychological capital training will increase organizational socialization and reduce employee burnout; therefore, psychological capital training can be used to strengthen the organizational sociability behavior of education staff and reduce their burnout.