نشریه بیولوژی کاربردی
سال دوازدهم شماره 3 (پیاپی 47، پاییز 1401)

Levothyroxine drug is used to treat thyroid diseases, which is one of the most common chronic diseases in the world, and considering that levothyroxine is a hydrophobic drug with low solubility and low stability, it requires an advanced drug delivery system. Among the targeted drug delivery systems, magnetically modified porous carriers have a high capacity to store drugs due to the presence of side groups, the adaptability of its porosity, and release it over a long period of time and instead of spreading throughout the body, it affects only the desired cell. he does.
The present research deals with preparing and identifying the metal-organic framework and investigating its performance in levothyroxine drug loading and release. First, MnCuFe2O4 nanoparticles were synthesized and covered by alginate polysaccharide. After that, the metal-organic framework 66-UiO was placed on it and the three-layer composite MnCuFe2O4@Alginate@UiO-66 was made.
loading and release of levothyroxine drug on the synthesized nanocarrier was investigated at pH 7.4. The fabricated nanocomposite was examined by various methods such as SEM, EDX, FT-IR, BET. Nanocomposite was made with cheap and biodegradable raw materials such as alginate using an easy method with targeted drug delivery and magnetic strength.
This nanocomposite with 87% loading capacity and 73% levothyroxine release can be used as a new and targeted drug delivery system.

alfalfa with the scientific name Medicago sativa is the most important fodder plant in Iran and many parts of the world. This plant is known as the queen of fodder plants due to its high nutritional value and the possibility of planting in different climates. The aim of the current research is to isolate and identify endophytic bacteria from alfalfa roots and investigate their antagonistic effects on human pathogenic bacteria.
The sterilized alfalfa root pieces, after being crushed, were cultured in Tyoglycollate Broth and Muller Hinton Broth liquid culture media for enrichment. After liquid cultures, culture was done on Muller Hinton agar, eosin methylene blue and McConkey agar. Endophytic bacteria were identified by gram staining method and biochemical tests. The antagonistic activity of isolated bacteria was investigated by steric crossing and bilayer methods. From the bacteria with antagonistic effects, DNA extraction was performed and with the use of universal primer, 16SrRNA gene was amplified. The PCR product was sequenced and a phylogeny tree was drawn.
The results showed that alfalfa endophyte bacteria had antagonistic activity and finally, two endophytes were investigated in terms of molecular identity, which belonged to Enterobacter and Pseudomonas genera.
Based on the results, endophytic bacteria have a great diversity and significant antibacterial effects.

One of the medicinal plants known in traditional medicine, henna with the scientific name Lawsonia inermis L. comes from the Lythraceae family and purslane with the scientific name Portulaca oleracea L. comes from the Portulacaceae family. According to the compounds present in these plants, many properties such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, wound healing, trypsin inhibitory and antioxidant properties have been reported for them.
This study was conducted on 24 male rats in the weight range of 200±20 grams, which were divided into 4 groups of six. Wounds 2 cm long were created on the back skin of mice: the first group was kept without treatment as a control, the second group was treated with Esrin (negative control) and the other two groups were treated with ointments made of henna and purslane with a concentration of 50% by weight. -Weight was used in the daily basis of Esrin. The area of the wound was measured daily from the second to the fourteenth day with Autocade software. The data were analyzed using SPSS software at a significance level of p<0.05.
The decrease in wound area was significantly higher in all groups treated with purslane and henna. Purslane showed a better effect.
Henna and purslane ointment can be used as effective substances in the treatment of skin wounds by significantly reducing the healing time and wound area.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of nanoparticles with antioxidant properties on free radicals. In order to achieve the goal of the research, the content and results of valid research articles related to the subject of the current research have been analyzed and reviewed. Examining and analyzing the results of studies that have dealt with the effect of nanoparticles with antioxidant properties on free radicals, showed that nanoparticles have recently received much attention due to their many applications and unique properties. Oxidative stress is the cause of many diseases in humans. Oxidative stress is a phenomenon in which the balance between antioxidant defense and oxidants in the cell is disrupted. Antioxidants prevent damage caused by oxidants. Although antioxidants have been known for a long time, research on improved natural or synthetic antioxidants is still a topic of interest due to their important practical applications. Antioxidants may suffer from low stability under oxygen and in biological systems can be degraded before reaching their target sites; Or they can have adverse health effects that limit their use. Sometimes, it is desirable to remove the antioxidants from the homogenous system to which they have been added, after they have taken effect. In this context, nanotechnology has opened new opportunities to exploit the unique and innovative properties of nanomaterials, possibly in combination with some common natural or synthetic compounds, with the aim of achieving pioneering "nano-antioxidants" with enhanced properties. Some nanomaterials, including organic metal oxides (e.g., melanin, lignin) (i.e., cerium oxide) or metal nanoparticles (e.g., gold), exhibit intrinsic redox activity, often by scavenging radicals and/or It is associated with superoxide dismutase-like and catalase. Inorganic nanoparticles have been successfully evaluated in terms of antioxidant properties. Recently, nano antioxidants have shown the ability to reduce oxidative stress with greater sensitivity, cellular antioxidant activity and minimal cytotoxic effects and targeted delivery.

The objective of the present study was to identify volatile compounds and investigate the antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticancer effects of Tribulus longipetalus Viv.
In this research, the Tribulus longipetalus Viv, which is an annual herbaceous plant, has many branches, lies on the ground, and has stems with soft hairs. The geographical spread of this plant is in the long sand dunes of Aran and Bidgol deserts. Biological properties, including free radical scavenging activity, total amount of phenolic compounds, antimicrobial properties and cytotoxic properties were investigated. Since the whole plant extract showed a high level of inhibition in the saltwater shrimp cell toxicity test (nearly 70 μg/liter), in order to obtain the effective components, solvent extraction using a decanter funnel was on the agenda. The three obtained components of hexane, ethyl acetate and water were analyzed separately. Also, by using a polystyrene divinylbenzene chromatography column, the effective component with higher inhibition ability was isolated. Among the effective components, except ethyl acetate, it had a relatively high inhibitory power, which was identified with the help of Hplc device.
Comparing the antimicrobial power of Tribulus longipetalusViv with antibiotics, showed that this plant has good antimicrobial properties. Also, considering that LC50 was determined as 70 μg/ml. This value indicates the good cytotoxic power of Tribulus longipetalus Viv.

CT scan imaging is one of the imaging methods for better diagnosis of some diseases. But in this imaging method, there is a possibility of correct diagnosis of diseases due to the presence of metal plates. The presence of such false images mostly occurs in the images of the pelvis and head, which causes the lack of correct and early diagnosis of diseases such as colon cancer, cerebral hemorrhage, and stroke. In this regard, the aim of the present study is to investigate the improvement of the quality of CT scan images in the presence of metal implants in the body.
In this research, the basis of the proposed method is based on interpolation and segmentation, which is achieved through nine stages of image processing with high quality compared to previous methods. The steps are as follows: improving image quality, removing regions of metal parts, segmenting metal parts, transferring the image to the sinogram area, linear interpolation of paths, normalizing the sinogram, interpolating paths, filtering, adding metal parts.
The present study showed that the effectiveness of the proposed method on large and small implants has a higher quality than the two methods of interpolation of general changes and linear interpolation, and it has a more suitable quality than the method of removing metal parts for large implants.
The proposed method has a more acceptable and more efficient performance in the pelvic region than the two linear and elimination interpolation methods compared.