نشریه روانشناسی معاصر
سال شانزدهم شماره 1 (بهار و تابستان 1400)

The ability to emotion regulation is one of the variables that is very important for adolescents. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of emotion regulation training on mother-adolescent interaction, social isolation and aggression in female adolescents. In a quasi-experimental design with pre-test, post-test with a control group and a two-month follow-up, 40 female adolescent through purposive sampling based on the entry criteria participated in this study. Selected sample then randomly assigned to the experimental group (20 people) and a control group (20 people). Participants in three stages of pre-test, post-test and follow-up responded to the Parent-Child Relationship Scale (1994), Social Isolation Questionnaire (1976) and Aggression Questionnaire (1992). The experimental group received emotion regulation training during 8 sessions of 60 minutes and the control group did not receive any training. Results revealed that emotion regulation training is effective in reducing aggression and increasing mother-adolescent relationships, and this effectiveness was stable until the follow-up stage. The effectiveness of emotion regulation training on reducing social isolation was not confirmed. It seems that through emotion regulation training, it is possible to strengthen the mother-adolescent relationship and reduce the aggression of adolescent girls.

Anger issues seem to be a central problem in individuals who show impulsive tendencies (reference???). Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of parenting education based on compassion-based mindfulness in controlling the anger of mothers. The research method was quasi-experimental with a pre-test post-test design with a control group and the statistical population included all mothers referred to the Iranian Welfare Organization in 2019. The sample size consisted of 30 impulsive mothers who were selected by available methods and were randomly divided into experimental (n = 15) and control (n = 15) groups. The research tool for data collection was the Anger Control Questionnaire and to provide parenting training based on compassion-based on mindfulness, a workshop designed by the researcher was conducted in 14 sessions of 60 minutes for the experimental group. The results showed that the level of covariance analysis test showed that parenting education based on mindfulness-based on compassion was effective in controlling mothers' anger and 52% of the post-test scores were explained by parenting education. According to the results of this study, the skills used in parenting education and mindfulness can help impulsive mothers to have more control over their anger. Therefore, by including parenting education in the programs of related organizations such as education, families can be helped effectively.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between early maladaptive schemas with cyberchondria with the mediating role of emotion regulation in students. The research method is correlational. The study sample was 337 people who were selected by available method as an online call in the academic year 2020-2021. from among the students of the Islamic Azad University of Tabriz. To collect data, Young's (2007) Early Maladaptive Schema Questionnaire, the Cybercondria Questionnaire (Fergus, 2014) and the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies Questionnaire (Grenfsky et al. 2001) were used. The collected data were analyzed using structural equation tests with Amos software and SPSS 23. Results showed that there is a negative relationship between early maladaptive schemas and positive emotion strategies and a positive relationship with negative emotion strategies. There is a negative relationship between positive emotion strategies and cyperchondria and a positive relationship between negative emotion strategies and cyperchondria. There is no direct relationship between early maladaptive schemas and cyperchondria. There is an indirect relationship between early maladaptive schemas with cyberchondria and the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation. Finally, the results showed that the variables of primary maladaptive schemas and cognitive regulatory strategies of positive and negative emotions are able to explain 34.4% of the variance of Cypkendria mental illness.

The present study investigated the effectiveness of Rollo's Existential-Humanistic Approach to the willingness to infidelity in disloyal men. The present study was a single case study (A-B phase design). The research population included men involved in marital infidelity in Shahindaj in 2021. The participants were three people who were selected using purposive sampling to participate in treatment. The data were collected using the Whitley Attitudes toward Infidelity Scale (ATIS). The intervention was performed individually, two sessions per week for 120 to 160 minutes on the participants. The collected data were analyzed using visual analysis, the change stability index, and the recovery rate formula. The visual analysis of the curves for the tendency to marital infidelity in the intervention stage showed that the two variables underwent a downward trend and the change stability index of both variables was greater than 1.96. Furthermore, the tendency to marital infidelity and existential crises were improved by 41.66% and 31%, respectively, indicating that the intervention implemented following Rollo's approach had a significant impact on these two variables. Based on the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that therapists can use the Rollo's existential-humanistic approach as an efficient model to reduce existential crises in clients and also reduce the tendency to infidelity in the individuals or couples engaged in marital infidelity.

Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder has been associated with deficiencies in executive function as well as disorders such as depression and anxiety, especially in adulthood. However, the manner of this relationship has not been investigated in detail. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the structural model of executive functions and ADHD concerning the mediating role of depression and anxiety in university students with ADHD. The method was correlational with the structural equation modeling type. The statistical population included all students with ADHD in Isfahan, Iran. During the initial screening, out of 1368 students, 280 were diagnosed with ADHD. Among them, 200 were selected by purposeful sampling. The tools used were Barkley Adult ADHD Rating Scale (2011), Barkley Deficits in Executive Function Scale (2011), mental health questionnaire (1973), and ADHD diagnostic interview (2010). The maximum likelihood estimator and bootstrap significance test analyzed the data. The results indicated a good fit of the data obtained from the sample with the hypothetical conceptual model. The fit indices of the model were as follows: X2=2681.89, df=1402, CFI=.93, GFI=.90, RMSEA=.05. Considering the significance, the direct effects of executive functions on depression, some dimensions of ADHD, like sluggish cognitive tempo, and the significant indirect effects of executive functions on ADHD subscales are evident. Based on the findings, the mediating role of depression is approved. In conclusion, the deficiency of executive functions, directly and through the mediation of depression, causes cognitive deficits, including attention deficit and sluggish cognitive tempo.

This research was conducted with the aim of predicting self-harm behaviors based on time perception, depression and self-forgiveness in adolescents. The research method was descriptive correlation study. The statistical population included all students aged 12 to 18 in Tehran. The sample consisted of 200 people who were selected by using cluster random sampling method. Mello and Worrell's time perception questionnaire (2015), Beck's depression questionnaire (1961), Kavinsky and Glenn's (2009) self-harm behaviors questionnaire, and Woll, D. Shi, Vakini's (2008) self-forgiveness questionnaire were used as instruments. Data analysis was done by structural equation method using PLS-3 software. The results showed that depression, self-forgiveness, positive and negative present have a significant direct effect on self-harm behaviors. This is while the negative present and the negative past with the mediation of depression and the positive present with the mediation of self-forgiveness have a significant indirect effect on self-harm behaviors. According to the findings of this research, it is clear that depression, negative past and negative present, with the mediation of depression, increase self-forgiveness and positive present decrease self-harming behaviors. Overall, the results support the role of time perspective in predicting the disorder of self-harm behaviors in adolescents, and therefore it can be used in prevention and formulation of intervention programs.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of book therapy on internalized (anxiety) and externalized (aggressive) behavioral problems of second grade male students. The research was quasi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design in terms of applied purpose and method. The statistical population of this study included all male students in the second grade of elementary school in Benaroyeh district of Larestan in the academic year 2021-2022, 30 of whom were selected by simple randomly assigned to either an experimental (N=15) or a control group (N=15). Aachenbach's Child's Behavioral Checklist was used to collect information. To analyze data, univariate analysis of covariance (ANCO) and multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) were used using SPSS statistical software.  Results of this study showed that book therapy has a significant effect on reducing students’ internal and external behavioral problems so that both anxiety and aggression is reduced.

The present study was conducted to evaluate the psychometric properties and factor structure of the risky, impulsive and self-destructive behavior and affective triggers of risky behavior questionnaire. In an analytical cross-sectional study, 401 adults were selected from the general population of Kermanshah (n=201) and Sanandaj (n=200) and were assessed using the Risky, Impulsive, and Self-Destructive Behavior Questionnaire (2017) and the Impulsive Behavior Scale (2014). Data were analyzed using correlation tests and confirmatory factor analysis using SPSS-26 and Mplus-8 software. Cronbach's alpha and split-half coefficient of the three main parts of the questionnaire (risky behavior, negative affective motivation and positive affective motivation) were 0.91 and 0.91, 0.93 and 0.91, and 0.93 and 0.92, respectively. The factor structure of the risky behavior (RMSEA=0.02, CFI=0.98, TFI=0.98), negative affective motivation (RMSEA=0.05, CFI=0.93, TFI=0.93) and positive affective motivation (RMSEA=0.03, CFI=0.96, TFI=0.96) parts was approved. Positive correlations between risky behaviors and impulsivity dimensions indicated the criterion validity of the questionnaire. The results showed the reliability and validity of the risky, impulsive, and self-destructive behavior questionnaire and considering that it measures a wide range of risky behaviors in a relatively short time, it can be a suitable measure for research and screening.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the comparison the effectiveness of telehealth for family therapy and Cognitive-behavioral couple therapy on family conflicts and marital intimacy in Corona. This research is applied in terms of purpose and semi-experimental in terms of research method. The semi-experimental design of the current research was pre-test-post-test and follow-up (2 months) with the control group. The statistical population of this study consisted of all couples who referred to the Khorramabad Divorce Reduction Counseling Center on behalf of family courts or on their own initiative to resolve family disputes. The sample consisted of 36 couples (72 people) referring to divorce counseling centers in Khorramabad city who were selected by Convenience Sampling method and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Structured clinical interview (Zimmerman, 2013), revised marital conflict questionnaire (Sanai Zaker and et al., 2008) and marital intimacy scale (Oulia, 2006) were used to collect data. Remote telehealth for family therapy was conducted in the experimental group using the model of Langarizadeh et al. (2017) and Borcsa and Pomini (2018) and cognitive-behavioral counseling using Epstein and et al (2016) model. the control group did not receive any intervention during this period. The collected data were analyzed using Multivariate analysis of covariance test. The results showed telehealth for family therapy (TFT) and Cognitive-behavioral couple therapy is effective on family conflicts and marital intimacy (P≥0.001). The results of the follow-up phase showed that the stability of the interventions in the follow-up phase was maintained on the scores of family conflicts and marital intimacy. The results of Bonferroni follow-up tests showed that remote telehealth for family therapy compared to Cognitive-behavioral couple therapy significantly increased marital intimacy and reduced family conflicts. According to the results, it can be stated that remote family counseling training and cognitive-behavioral couple therapy can provide effective solutions to reduce family conflicts and increase marital intimacy through the use of useful and cheap technologies along with face-to-face counseling. especially during the covid-19 pandemic for couples and families.

The aim of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of interpersonal psychotherapy on self-control and self-expression of female students with self-harming behaviors referred to the counseling center of area 3 of Ahvaz city. In this research, four students were selected by the voluntary-purposive sampling method and based on the entry and exit criteria. The design of the experimental research was a single case of the multiple baseline type. Interpersonal psychotherapy was taught to the students in ten sessions, and they responded to the self-control scale (Tanjani, 2004) and the self-report self-expression questionnaire (Herzberger et al., 1984) in three stages of the baseline, during the training and the two-month follow-up. The data were analyzed by visual drawing method, Reliable Change Index (RCI), and recovery rate formula. The findings showed that interpersonal psychotherapy training increased, in general’s students, self-control (37.96%) and self-expression (51.04%) during training and Follow-up Stages. These were maintained percentages in follow-up stage. The RCI should meaningful change and increase in student’s self-control and self- expression during training and follow-up stages. Based on the findings of the research, it can be concluded that therapists can use interpersonal psychotherapy as an effective approach to reduce self-harming behaviors in students.

The following paper discusses predicting resilience based on psychological well-being and personal values with the mediating of the meaning of life in students. The research method is a descriptive-survey and structural equations type. The population included all the students of Hormozgan University Faculty asked to response Connor and Davidson's resilience questionnaires (2003), Schwartz's personal values (2001), Steger's meaning of life (2006), and Rief's short psychological well-being scale (1989). In the data analysis, the correlation methods of structural equations and Spss and Amos software was used. The findings showed that psychological well-being has a direct and indirect effect on resilience through the mediation of the meaning of life and has a direct positive relationship with the meaning of life. The meaning of life is directly related to resilience. Personal values also had a direct relationship with resilience, but there is no meaningful relationship with the meaning of life. These findings indicated that, in general, psychological well-being plays an important role in people's resilience, and the existence of meaning in life can have an additional effect on the level of resilience. Personal values also have such an effect on resilience, however, the coefficient of the direct relationship between personal values and the meaning of life is not significant; This shows the great importance of personal values alone in people's endurance. Therefore, the obtained results can be used in order to raise awareness and improve the personality of different people.